Class #3

Why is the sky red when the sun nears the horizon at sunset?

The green and blue wavelengths cancel out when entering the atmosphere, leaving red to appear.

Why is the sky blue on a clear day and the sun is high in the sky?

The green and red wavelengths cancel out when entering the atmosphere, leaving blue to appear.

Every time the camera rolls in record, the very first thing you should shoot is...

The slate.

A shutter is a mechanical device inside of a camera that exposes film or electronic sensor to the light passing through the lens for a controlled period of...

Time.

T or F: As a rule of thumb, you want the denominator of your shutter speed to be approximately double the number of frames per second the camera is recording (In other words, if the camera is shooting at 24 fps, the normal shutter speed would be 1/48th of a second. 30 fps would be 1/60th of a second).

True

T or F: Shooting at 24 fps (23.98 fps), the equivalent shutter speed of a 180-degree shutter angle is 1/48th of a second and will produce a natural motion blue similar to what we see with our naked eye.

True

T or F: Shooting at 30 fps (29.97 fps), the equivalent shutter speed of a 180-degree shutter angle is 1/60th of a second and will produce a natural motion blue similar to what we see with our naked eye.

True

What are the two types of light intensity meters and how do they measure the light level?

- Incident light meter: Light falling on subject - Spot meter: Reflected on subject

What types of scan protocol with a digital camera sensor perform to record one frame of an image and an LCD screen will perform to recreate the same one frame of an image?

- Progressive - Interlaced

White light is electro-magnetic radiation comprised of three colors/wavelengths. What are they?

- Red - Green - Blue

The color you perceive something to be is dependent on two things concerning light:

- The color of the light - The color of the light reflected on an object

A tungsten light's Kelvin temperature is _____ (1) and appears ______ (2).

1. 3200k 2. Warm/Red

Daylight's Kelvin temperature is _____ (1) and appears ______ (2).

1. 5600k 2. Cool/Blue

When the camera shoots a slate which is right side up, it is called a _____ (1), and signifies to the editor that _____ (2).

1. Head slate 2. The scene is about to start filming

What are all the ways light energy can be affected when reaching a surface or material?

1. Reflected (Specular and Diffusion) 2. Absorbed 3. Transmitted (Direct and Diffusion) 4. Refraction 5. Dispersed

When the camera shoots a slate which is upside down, it is called a _____ (1), and signifies to the editor that _____ (2).

1. Tail slate 2. The filmed scene has ended

What is the aspect ratio of a digital high definition TV?

16:9

What is the aspect ratio of a silent film cinema standard?

1:33

What is the aspect ratio of a cinema natural vision?

1:85

What is the aspect ratio of a cinema panoramic?

2:35

What is the aspect ratio of a 35mm still photograph?

3:2

What is the aspect ratio of a NTSC TV (1990s)?

3:4

What is the definition of a foot candle?

A unit of illumination equal to that given by a source of one candela at a distance of one foot.

What type of meter reads the color temperature of a light source?

Colored temperature meter

When more than one camera is shooting the same slate, the slate is designated as a...

Common slate.

A very fast shutter speed in a motion picture camera will render images that have...

Crisp edges and a frantic mood.

White light minus red AND green plus blue makes

Cyan

Each time you half the ISO setting (i.e. 400 ISO to 200 ISO), you have...

Decreased the sensors sensitivity to light by one stop.

What type of time code is 01:00:59;28?

Drop Frame Time Code

Which time code shows the real running time of a scene or program?

Drop Frame Time Code

What is it that makes a particular slate a "smart slate"?

Has integrated and "sync" time codes with camera and audio.

Each time you double the ISO setting (i.e. 400 ISO to 800 ISO), you have...

Increased the sensors sensitivity to light by one stop.

What scale is often used in the measure of the color temperature of light sources?

Kelvin Scale

A manufacturer determines the "Native ISO Rating" for a camera based on the _____ of the camera.

Latitude (The most range of luminance a camera can record while maintaining detail in the blacks and whites.

White light minus green AND red plus blue makes

Magenta

What is it that makes a particular slate a "dumb slate"?

Missing area for timecodes

Can you trust your eyes to accurately judge the colors of a set/scene? Why or why not?

No - Our eyes come with 'auto-white balance,' which changes the appearance of colors.

Can you trust your eyes to accurately judge the brightness/darkness of a set/scene? Why or why not?

No - Our pupils automatically adjust for best lighting.

What does the following abbreviation mean: MOS?

No sound recorded

What type of time code is 01:00:00:00?

Non-Drop Frame Time Code

Which time code does not represent the real running time of a scene or program?

Non-Drop Frame Time Code

Record Run Time Code means the time code...

Only runs (counts up) when the camera is recording.

To avoid Iris Backlash when setting or making any changes to the Iris setting, always...

Open iris all the way, the set to desired f-stop.

Digital Image Sensors (the digital equivalent of the film) consist of millions of light-sensitive spots called _____ which convert light that has been transmitted through the lens onto the image sensor into digital information.

Pixels

The three colors that make up white light are called...

Primary colors

The "aspect ratio" of an image describes the...

Proportional relationship between its width and height.

What is the inverse square law?

Rays from a point source spread farther and farther apart as their distance from the light sources increases.

Free Run Time Code means the time code...

Runs (counts up) continuously no matter if the camera is recording or not.

If the clapper operator messes up the clap, what will he/she call out before clapping the slate a second time?

Second sticks

When you take away one of the three colors in white light, you are left with a...

Secondary/Complementary color

What does the following abbreviation mean: SYNC?

Sound on a piece of gear

What does the following abbreviation mean: SOF?

Sound recorded on film

What does the following abbreviation mean: SOT?

Sound recorded on tape/card

What type of light meter is built inside most cameras?

Spot (Direct/Reflective) Meters

White light minus blue AND red plus green makes

Yellow

The iris is set to f/2.0. If you close the iris down 1/2 stop toward f/2.8, what would the iris setting then be?

f/2.4

In the camera menu and on the lens, a proper exposure is achieved by a combination of what four settings?

- ISO - Iris - Shutter Speed - Recording Speed (fps)

Frame rate refers to the total number of individual frames that comprise each second of video you record, known as fps (frames per second). What are the two most common/normal speed frame rates in Europe?

- 25 fps - 50 fps

Frame rate refers to the total number of individual frames that comprise each second of video you record, known as fps (frames per second). What are the three most common/normal speed frame rates in the US and Canada?

- 24 fps - 29.97 (30) fps - 60 fps

Another name for a slate is...

- Clacker - Clapboard - Sticks