Classification and Dichotomous Keys Study Guide

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Genus

A classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species. 2nd most specific level.

Why do we use a dichotomous key?

A dichotomous key allows us to identify organisms based on characteristics.

Species

A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce.

Autotroph

An organism that can make it's own food

Heterotroph

An organism that can not make it's own food

Eukaryote

An organism whose cells contain nuclei or nucleus

Prokaryote

An organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures.

Organism

Any living thing

What are the pair of contradictory statements in a dichotomous key called?

Couplets- one is accepted one is rejected

What does dichotomous mean?

Divided in two

What are the 8 steps to classification Broadest to most specific? Hint: the first step is domain

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genius Species

What kingdom do mushrooms belong to?

Fungi

What is the first name of the 2 word naming system called?

Genus

Who was Carolus Linneaus?

He had a 3 kingdom classification system consisting of plants, animals, and minerals. He came up with the two word naming system.

Why do humans belong to the animal kingdom?

Humans belong in the animal kingdom because we have backbones, give birth, produce milk, have hair, opposable thumbs, etc.

What can a dichotomous key be used for?

Identifying living and non-living things. (It is mostly used in biology to identify living things but can be written to identify anything)

Explain why scientists classify organisms.

It makes it easier to identify organisms based on their characteristics.

Name the 6 kingdoms

Plantae Protista Fungi Animalia Eubacteria Archeabacteria

If an organism cannot be identified as a plant, animal or fungus, what kingdom would the organism belong in?

Protists

Who was Aristotle?

The first person to create a classification system, dividing things into two categories: plants or animals.

Spontaneous generation

The mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources.

Classification

The process of grouping things based on their similarities.

Taxonomy

The scientific study of how living things are classified.

Binomial nomenclature

The system for naming organism in which each organism is given a unique, two-part scientific name.

What characteristics describe the Eukarya Domain?

They are eukaryotes, they do have a nuclear membrane and include the kingdoms: protista, fungi, animalia, and plantae

What characteristics describe the Archaea Domain?

They are prokaryotes and have no nuclear membrane. Ex. Archaebacteria

What characteristics describe the Bacteria Domain?

They are prokaryotes and have no nuclear membrane. Ex. Eubacteria

Who are Woese and Fox?

Two scientists who came up with the three domain system we currently use.

Cell

basic unit of structure and function in an organism.

Multicellular

many cells

Unicellular

single cell


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