Clauses

incorrect

Joshua got a guitar at needs an amplifier.

correct

Joshua got a guitar, but it needs an amplifier. Joshua got a guitar; it needs an amplifier. Joshua got a guitar. It needs an amplifier.

complex sentences

a complex sentence consists of an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses. It usually contains a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun that links the clauses. complex sentence example: as soon as I wake up in the morning , I have brush my teeth. Complex sentence example: the teacher who gives the least homework is my favorite.

Compound sentances

a compound sentence consists of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction, such as for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. simple sentence example: I cooked a delicious dinner. My entire family came over. compound sentence example: I cooked a delicious dinner, so my entire family came over. ( so) compound sentences can improve writing by adding variety, providing specificity, and linking ideas.

Noun clauses

a noun clause is a type of dependent clause. A noun clause begins with a subordinating conjunction, functions of a noun, and provide specifically. simple subject example: the lunch was delicious. Noun clause example: what I had for lunch was delicious.

relative clauses

a relative Clause is another kind of dependent clause. A relative Clause begins with a relative pronoun, functions as an adjective, and modifies a noun. simple subject example: the man looks suspicious. Relative Clause example: the man who is standing by the door looks suspicious.(who is standing by the door) ( the first example leaves you with the question which man? relative clauses explain who)

correcting sentence fragments

a sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence.

Simple sentance

a simple sentence is a single independent clause that expresses a complete thought. Examples: The chef cooked The pastry chef baked and frosted the cakes The energetic executive chef plan the menu for The Cooking Club

restrictive and non-restrictive clauses

adjectives Clauses can either be restrictive or non-restrictive.

you must keep practicing skateboarding ( until you get better.)

adverbial clause

restrictive clauses

are necessary to understand sentence. They give essential information, and they do not require commas. Example: The Travelers (who are wearing the red badges) are with our group.

non-restrictive clauses

are not necessary to understand a sentence. They give extra information, and they do require commas. example: those girls, ( who were on the team) , are all going on the same voyage.

constructing compound sentences

compound sentences can be constructed in two different ways.

conjunctive adverbs

conjunctive adverbs show a connection between two independent clauses. conjunctive adverbs include words or phrases such as however / Pence / otherwise / consequently flash on the other hand. They show relationship such as contrast sequence and cause and effect. They can appear at the start of a sentence when followed by a,. and they can appear later and a sentence when preceded by a semicolon. example: I really like spicy food; (however) , my brother prefers milder tastes.

adverbial clause

describes a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. Tells when, where, why, or to what extent. Example: ( until it stops raining) , we will stay at the Museum.

dependent clause

does not express a complete thought. Cannot stand alone as a sentence. Example: when I play catch with my brother, I don't throw the ball as hard. (when I play catch with my brother)

(what most skateboarders love) is an isolated road with a steep incline

noun clause

Examples of both

photography is a creative Hobby, but not Everyone likes to take pictures. Photography can help you notice unique qualities and everyday items; Beauty can be found where you least expect it. Specialized equipment can create interesting effects, and a tripod can be used to create time-lapse photography.

not clauses

the tall green trees; grows wildly

correct

when he first tried to learn to play the guitar, he became discouraged.

incorrect

when he first tried to learn to play the guitar.

Examples

( when you get ready) , we will go* adverbial clause* . these are the girls ( who are going)* adjective Clause* . (whatever you're doing) is incorrect* nominal Clause* .

Dependant clause example

Beacuse nature teaches us lessons When hikers encounter wildlife

incorrect

Joshua got a guitar, it needs an amplifier.

Clause example

the trees grow quickly. Where the trees grow

coordinating conjunction and comma

to clarify the relationship between the two independent clauses. Example: I cooked a delicious dinner, so my entire family came over.

Complex sentance examples

when you experience a new place, it enhances our understanding of other people. After traveling to National Park, people feel greater appreciation for nature. You should travel somewhere you have never been because you can explore a new place.

Independent clause examples

I enjoy hiking Hiking is relaxing

subordinating conjunction

When

clause

a clause is a unit of grammar that consists of a subject and a verb.

correcting comma splices

a comma splice is an error in which two independent clauses are joined with a comma but no coordinating conjunction.

correcting run-on sentences

a run-on sentence occurs when two or more independent clauses are joined improperly.

adverbial clauses

an adverbial clause is another kind of dependent clause. An adverbial clause modifies a verb adjective or another adverb, it begins with a subordinating conjunction, and it functions as an adverb. Simple sentence example: I started my homework. Adverbial clause example: after my friends left, I started my homework.(after my friends left)

constructing compound complex sentences

another way to add variety to writing is to use compound complex sentences. They contain two or more independent clauses, and one or more dependent clauses. Example: her mother and grandmother went to Spain, where they had dreamed of going, and then they took a train to Italy.

nominal clause

can be a subject, object, or complement. Tells what. Example: I believe( that everyone should travel) .

vocabulary

complex sentence, compound complex sentence, compound sentence, conjunctive adverb, coordinating conjunction, dependent clause, independent clause

independent clause

expresses a complete thought. Can stand alone as a sentence. example: I threw the baseball to my sister(threw the baseball)

relative pronoun

includes who, whom, whoever, which, or who's

subordinating conjunction

includes words like how, what's, and where

adjectival clause

modifies a noun or a pronoun. Tells which one or what kind. Example: there is the Rockwall (that we are going to climb) .

conjunctive adverb examples

our family enjoys gardening; therefore, our house has a colorful yard. My sister study's flower varieties; meanwhile, I look for heirloom vegetable seeds. indoor gardening can take time; nonetheless, gardening can be a wonderful Hobby.

a skateboarder ( who won a recent competition) thinks his pastime can build resilience

relative clause

skateboards, ( which can be dangerous,) are still popular with teens

relative clause

Examples

restrictive Clause: we took a kayak to a beach* where sea turtles hatch*.

identifying dependent and independent clauses

the two main types of Clauses are independent clauses and dependent clauses. each type contains a subject and a verb.

dependent clauses in complex sentences

there are several ways in which dependent clauses add detail to complex sentences.

semicolon

to add emphasis between two independent clauses. Example: Estella ran a great race; she finished in second place.

Examples

we can put together a puzzle that has challenging shapes, or we can try to solve the Sudoku in the newspaper. Students can improve their performance when they are faced with a challenging task, but they will have to start doing jigsaw puzzles.