Clicker Qs exam 3

The voltage between the inner mitochondrialmembrane and matrix is variable. Which of the following conditions would lead to a decrease in voltage?

D. A decrease in oxygen

You are studying a diploblastic organism without a body cavity (coelom). This organism probably belongs to the phylum _______?

D. Cnidaria

During cellular respiration in aerobic organisms, ____________ serves as the terminal electron acceptor of the Electron Transport chain.

C. oxygen

In photosynthesis, the electron transport chain associated solely with Photosystem I

C. reduces NADP+ to NADPH

If the electron transport chain between Photosystem II and Photosystem I begins to work inefficiently then

A. ATP production will decrease

Which of the following is true of this reaction?

A. It is spontaneous, exergonic, and has a -ΔG

Does mitochondrion A or B produce more ATP?

A. Mitochondrion A would produce more ATP because it has a larger concentration differential of H+

Does the fact that animals develop from a fertilized egg (a single cell) into complex, multicellular organisms violate the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

A. No because a living organism represents an open system.

The oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O is highly exergonic: G = -636 kcal/mole. Why doesn't glucose spontaneously combust?

A. The glucose molecules lack the activation energy at room temperature.

The box jelly is the most toxic marine animal known and its venom can kill an adult human, affecting the heart, nervous system and skin. This venom is delivered by stinging cells called:

A. cnidocytes

If a zygote from an animal with indeterminate cleavage splits in half at the eight cell stage, what is the most likely result?

A. the formation of identical twins

Now that you know how much energy is required to break all of the bonds in glucose, let's calculate the net energy change after the bonds reform around oxygen (a total of 1703 kcal/mole of energy is released after all of the bonds associated with the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen reform).

B. 686 kcal/mole 1703 - 1017 = 686 kcal/mole

Why did the patients die of lack of oxygen while their blood oxygen levels were normal?

B. By blocking the movement of electrons through the ETC, the cyanide made the oxygen in their blood useless to the ETC.

Which of the following characteristic(s) can be used to distinguish a parazoan (sponge) from a eumetazoan?

B. Lack of true tissues

Would artificial respiration or oxygenation have helped to save these people?

B. No, the addition of oxygen would not have helped them because CcOX would still have been blocked by Cyanide. They had sufficient oxygen available, but could not use it.

Does this organism fix CO2? (white wilted flower)

B. No, this plant does not photosynthesize because it has no cholorphyll.

This plant derives sugars from fungi that are intimately associated with trees. What is the relationship between this plant and the trees? (white wilted flower)

B. Parasitism

A plant grown under green light would be expected to

B. Produce less glucose than a plant grown under red light.

By the end of glycolysis there is a net gain of two molecule of ___________. This 3 carbon sugar can be further metabolized in the presence of oxygen.

B. Pyruvate

If you applied an herbicide that affected the ability of NADPH to be oxidized, which aspect of photosynthesis would be most immediately affected?

B. The Calvin Cycle

Which of these is not a characteristic shared by all chordates?

B. Vertebrae

In this diagram, compound X is the CO2 acceptor. If the supply of CO2 is cut off, the effect would be that:

B. X will increase, 3PG decrease.

Variegated leaves are rarely found in wild plants but are common in garden plants and houseplants because people like their appearance. They are most likely rare in wild plants because variegated plants

B. photosynthesize less than non-variegated plants

Many organisms breakdown glucose to obtain energy. The overall reaction in the presence of oxygen is: glucose + oxygen -----> carbon dioxide + water  How much energy is released by this reaction? Each C-C bond requires 76 kcal/mole to break, and each C-H bond requires about 91 kcal/mole to break. How much energy is required to break all of these bonds in glucose?

C. 1017 kcal/mole 5 C-C bonds = 380 kcal 7 C-H bonds = 637 kcal

If you ran a test on the patients to determine their ATP levels, what do you predict you would find?

C. ATP levels would be low

The source of the biomass (dry weight) of a tree comes primarily from

C. CO2

The figure on the left shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a, and the one on the right shows the wavelengths absorbed during photosynthesis. The two patterns are similar, but not exactly the same. Why?

C. Many pigments, not just chlorophyll a, absorb light that contributes energy to photosynthesis.

Autopsies also found all of the following. Which seems inconsistent with the cause of death?

C. The finding of normal levels of O2 in the blood is inconsistent with the reported cause of death

A reaction has a ∆G of 5.6 kcal/mol. Which of the following would most likely be true?

C. The reaction would result in an increase in entropy (S) and a decrease in the energy content (H) of the system.

In this diagram, compound X is the CO2 acceptor. If light is cut off, the first effect would be that:

C. X will decrease, 3PG increase.

A molecule that is reduced ___________?

C. gains electrons from another molecule

A potted geranium plant sits in a windowsill absorbing sunlight. It is then moved into a dark closet for a few days (but is still watered). Will the plant weigh more, less, or the same (NOT counting weight of added water) than it did before it was put in the closet? Why? Choose the best statement to explain this.

D. It will less because it is still respiring (undergoing cellular respiration)

To sustain high rates of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions, cells require

D. NAD+

Which one of the following molecules is necessary for glycolysis to proceed normally?

D. NAD+

Based on this information, and the fact that levels of Acetyl CoA were normal, which cellular metabolic pathway do think may have been affected?

D. The data support a malfunction with ETC due to normal levels of glucose, pyruvate and Acetyl CoA but very high levels of NADH and low levels of NAD+

A flask of duckweed (an aquatic plant) in water is placed under a bank of lights on a 12-hour light, 12-hour dark cycle, next to a control flask containing only water. Assuming no change in water temperature, which flask will have the lowest dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, and at what time?

D. The flask with duckweed will have the lowest DO at the end of the dark cycle and the highest DO at the end of the light cycle.