Clinical Psych Chapter 3 & 4

Which of the following is TRUE? A. No single "best method" has emerged for training clinical psychologists to be culturally competent. B. In-class discussion of one's own cultural background has emerged as the "best method" for training clinical psychologists to be culturally competent. C. Conducting psychotherapy (under supervision) with members of varied cultures has emerged as the "best method" for training clinical psychologists to be culturally competent. D. Requiring clinical psychology graduate students to publicly proclaim a commitment to diversity has emerged as the "best method" for training culturally competent clinicians.

A. No single "best method" has emerged for training clinical psychologists to be culturally competent.

Which of the following lists the major "forces" in psychology? A. Psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanism, and multiculturalism B. DBT, CBT, IRB, and ADA C. Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary D. Independent, dual, group, and universal

A. Psychoanalysis, behaviorism, humanism, and multiculturalism

Sutso A. is an example of a culture-bound syndrome described in the most recent edition of the DSM. B. involves anxiety and gastrointestinal problems related to hexing or witchcraft by another person. C. is found almost exclusively in Australia. D. involves one person "sending" psychological problems to another.

A. is an example of a culture-bound syndrome described in the most recent edition of the DSM.

According to Sue and Sue (2008), "_____ is defined as the counselor's acquisition of awareness, knowledge, and skills needed to function effectively in a pluralistic democratic society." A. multicultural counseling competence B. evidence-based practice C. empathy D. unconditional positive regard

A. multicultural counseling competence

Some studies of manualized therapy have found that therapists who demonstrate flexibility while using a manual A. produce better client outcomes and are more successful in getting clients engaged in therapy. B. produce worse client outcomes and are less successful in getting clients engaged in therapy. C. cause irreparable harm to clients. D. are subject to malpractice lawsuits.

A. produce better client outcomes and are more successful in getting clients engaged in therapy.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Currently, when the American Psychological Association considers accrediting a graduate program in psychology, there are criteria related to multiculturalism that must be met. B. Although none have yet emerged, the American Psychological Association plans to introduce new divisions within its organization devoted to cultural issues such as gender, religion, sexual orientation, and ethnicity. C. The APA ethical code instructs psychologists to work with cultural sensitivity and competence. D. The Society for the Study of Ethnic Minority Issues is an APA division that illustrates clinical psychology's current focus on multicultural issues.

B. Although none have yet emerged, the American Psychological Association plans to introduce new divisions within its organization devoted to cultural issues such as gender, religion, sexual orientation, and ethnicity.

Which of the following is TRUE? A. Most health insurance and managed care companies will pay for psychotherapy whether or not the therapist assigns a DSM diagnosis to the client. B. Recent surveys of psychologists have indicated that the way a client is diagnosed is affected by the client's method of payment. C. Studies refute the idea that psychologists' diagnostic decisions are influenced by how a client pays for therapy. D. Most managed care companies will pay for psychotherapy even if a client does not receive a DSM diagnosis; however, health insurance companies require a diagnosis.

B. Recent surveys of psychologists have indicated that the way a client is diagnosed is affected by the client's method of payment.

Evidence-based practice has also been referred to as _____. A. empirically researched interventions B. empirically supported treatments C. dialectical behavior therapy D. exposure plus response prevention

B. empirically supported treatments

An example of a manualized psychotherapy with empirical evidence for its efficacy is A. exposure plus response prevention for bulimia. B. exposure plus response prevention for obsessive compulsive disorder. C. dialectical behavior therapy for depression. D. dialectical behavior therapy for antisocial personality disorder.

B. exposure plus response prevention for obsessive compulsive disorder.

Some clinical psychologists criticize the DSM, stating some disorders' symptoms are difficult to distinguish from normal behavior. This criticism best illustrates the debate surrounding A. prescription privileges for clinical psychologists. B. the overexpansion of mental disorders. C. arbitrary insurance reimbursement practices for psychotherapy services. D. the impact of technology on clinical practice.

B. the overexpansion of mental disorders.

Which of the following is TRUE? A. The current edition of the APA ethical code includes no reference to issues of multiculturalism. B. Currently, APA includes divisions devoted to issues of ethnicity and religion, but no divisions devoted to issues of gender or sexual orientation. C. DSM-5 includes key aspects of culture relevant to diagnosis and assessment. D. Currently, APA includes divisions devoted to issues of gender and sexual orientation, but not divisions devoted to issues of ethnicity or religion.

C. DSM-5 includes key aspects of culture relevant to diagnosis and assessment.

The term evidence-based practice includes A. the psychological treatment for a disorder. B. factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service. C. both the psychological treatment of a disorder and factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service. D. neither the psychological treatment of a disorder nor factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service.

C. both the psychological treatment of a disorder and factors related to the people providing and receiving the psychological service.

The current edition of the DSM includes a glossary listing _____, which represent psychological problems observed in groups from various parts of the world. A. diversity directives B. multicultural considerations C. cultural concepts of distress D. culture-bound syndromes

C. cultural concepts of distress

The number of health insurance/managed care companies that pay for psychotherapy services has A. decreased since the earliest days of psychotherapy. B. remained constant throughout the history of psychotherapy. C. increased since the earliest days of psychotherapy. D. not yet occurred, but is expected to begin within the next decade.

C. increased since the earliest days of psychotherapy.

Disadvantages of the emergence of manualized therapies with empirical support include A. strengthening of the relationship or alliance between therapist and client. B. the fact that many clients have relatively simple problems that easily fit into diagnostic categories. C. restriction of clinicians to use only empirically supported treatments. D. irrefutable criteria for determining which treatments should be identified as empirically supported.

C. restriction of clinicians to use only empirically supported treatments.

Advantages of the emergence of manualized therapies with empirical support include A. an increase in unique, idiosyncratic forms of therapy created by individual psychotherapists. B. increased reliance on the clinical judgment of each psychotherapist. C. the establishment of minimal levels of competence for the field. D. enhanced autonomy for clinicians as they deliver psychotherapy services.

C. the establishment of minimal levels of competence for the field.

Which of the following is TRUE? A. It is generally unacceptable practice for a clinical psychologist to openly and directly acknowledge cultural differences with a client. B. It is generally acceptable practice for a clinical psychologist to begin treating a culturally dissimilar client with no knowledge of that client's culture, and to require a client to explain all culturally relevant information to the clinical psychologist. C. Most research suggests that cultural self-awareness on the part of a clinical psychologist does little to improve treatment effectiveness. D. Cultural self-awareness is generally important for all psychologists, regardless of their own cultural backgrounds.

D. Cultural self-awareness is generally important for all psychologists, regardless of their own cultural backgrounds.

Modifying psychological treatments that work for members of diverse cultures is known as _____. A. rebounding B. cultural channeling C. ethnic facilitation D. cultural adaptation

D. cultural adaptation

Taijin kyofusho A. is an example of a specifier for major depressive disorder included in the most recent edition of the DSM. B. is experienced by members of Native American tribes. C. involves a preoccupation with death and the dead which brings on psychological symptoms. D. involves anxiously avoiding interpersonal situations due to fear that one's appearance, actions, or odor will offend others.

D. involves anxiously avoiding interpersonal situations due to fear that one's appearance, actions, or odor will offend others.

Research by Cosgrove and colleagues found that _____ of professionals who authored/created the DSM-IV and DSM-5 had financial ties to major pharmaceutical companies. A. less than 1% B. approximately 10% C. approximately 25% D. over 50%

D. over 50%

List two advantages of evidence-based practice.

Scientific legitimacy, establishing minimal levels of competence, training improvements, and decreased reliance on clinical judgment.

Define evidence-based practice.

The integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences.

List two disadvantages of evidence-based practice.

Threats to the psychotherapy relationship, diagnostic complications, restrictions on practice, and debatable criteria for empirical evidence.