CNA Chapter 49 Memorial

Cognitive function involves memory, thinking, reasoning, understanding, judgment, and behavior.

True

Depression can cause cognitive changes.

True

The person with AD is at risk for infection from poor hygiene after elimination.

True

You can use gestures or point to things to communicate with persons who have AD.

True

You are caring for a person with AD. You should avoid

Trying to bring the person back to reality

The person walks away from home and cannot find the way back home.

Wandering

Elopement

When a person leaves the agency without staff knowledge

You help to maintain independence for a person with AD by maintaining the person's ________ when giving ADLs.

routines

When you assist a person with AD to wear prescribed glasses or hearing aids, it helps to prevent

Hallucinations or delusions

As AD progresses to moderate AD, the person

Has problems with tasks that have multiple steps

Dementia can be treated if it is caused by

Head injuries or bleeding in the brain

A person with AD is encouraged to take part in therapies and activities that

Help the person to feel useful, worthwhile, and active

Validation therapy involves

Helping the person with AD express needs and feelings

If a person with AD displays sexual behaviors, the nurse may tell you to

Ignore the behavior because the disease causes it

Cognitive Function

Involves memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgment, and behavior

When a person with AD wanders, the major risk is

Life-threatening accidents can occur

A person has AD. To communicate, you should

Limit the person's choices

When you wish to communicate with the person who has AD or other dementias, you should

Make eye contact to get the person's attention

You show that you respect the rights of a person when you keep personal items _________. It is important to protect the person's belongings from ________ or _________.

Safe, loss, damage

Some early warning signs of dementia affect these areas. Explain each one: 1. Memory 2. Common tasks 3. Language 4. Judgement

1. Cannot remember names or loses things 2. Find it harder to cook, drive, clean 3. Cannot think of words 4. Is poor or decreased

What 5 senses decrease with changes in the nervous system from aging

1. Hearing 2. Vision 3. Taste 4. Touch 5. Smell

Cognitive functioning involves 6 things

1. Memory 2. Thinking 3. Reasoning 4. Judgement 5. Ability to understand 6. Behavior

In Alzheimer's disease (AD) there is a slow, steady decline in mental functions, including these 8

1. Memory 2. Thinking 3. Reasoning 4. Judgement 5. Language 6. Behavior 7. Mood 8. Personality

Paranoia

A disorder of the mind; false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation

Delusion

A false belief

Confusion

A mental state of being disoriented to person, time, place, situation, or identity

Delirium

A state of sudden, severe confusion and rapid changes in brain function

A person with AD is screaming. You know that this is

A way to communicate

Alzheimer's Disease

AD

A person has AD. Which is true?

AD ends in death.

Activities of Daily Living

ADL

The most common type of permanent dementia in older persons is

Alzheimer's disease

Nervous system changes from aging

Are due to reduced blood flow to the brain

ADL

Activities of Daily Living

The person begins to get upset when a set routine for ADL is changed.

Agitation and Aggression

What substances can cause treatable dementia?

Alcohol and drugs

AD

Alzheimer's disease

When a person with AD has symptoms of sundowning, it may be due to

Being tired or hungry

Which statement about sundowning is true?

Being tired or hungry can increase restlessness.

The person begins to scream and cry when a visitor asks many questions.

Catastrophic Reactions

Too much stimuli from being asked too many questions all at once can overwhelm a person and cause

Catastrophic reactions

The person tries to hug and kiss other residents of the facility.

Changes in Intimacy and Sexuality

This involves memory, thinking, reasoning, ability to understand, judgment, and behavior

Cognitive Function

This is a mental state of being disoriented to person, place, situation, or identity.

Confusion

Signals physical changes

Delirium

This is a state of temporary but acute mental confusion that comes on suddenly.

Delirium

Pseudodementia can occur with

Delirium and depression

A false belief is a

Delusion

Causes the person to have problems with common activities

Dementia

The loss of cognitive function and social function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities is

Dementia

The most common early symptom of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is

Difficulty remembering newly learned information

This occurs when a person leaves the agency without staff knowledge.

Elopement

How do AD special care units differ from other areas of a care facility?

Entrances and exits may be locked.

Vision and hearing decrease with confusion, so you should

Face the person and speak clearly

A person with AD keeps moving an empty cup back and forth across the table. You should take the cup away.

False

Family members continue their hobbies and holiday events. They are abusing the person with AD.

False

Restraints help improve the behaviors of AD.

False

The onset of delirium is gradual

False

The person with AD can control behavior.

False

The person with AD can tell you about pain, constipation, and other discomforts.

False

Pseudodementia

False dementia

Seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real is

Hallucination

The person tells you he sees his dog sitting in the room but you do not see anything.

Hallucinations

A family who cares for a person with dementia at home

May feel guilty, angry, and upset

Which can cause delusions in persons with AD?

Mirrors

National Institute of Aging

NIA

NIA

National Institute on Aging

A person is in the final stage of AD. The person is likely to

Need total assistance with ADL

In severe AD, the person may

Not be able to communicate

This is a disorder of the mind; the person has false beliefs and suspicion about a person or situation.

Paranoia

A person with AD is upset. Which is a correct response?

Provide reassurance and try to find the cause.

Which measure can help with rummaging?

Provide safe places to rummage.

This is false dementia

Pseudodementia

A person with AD is at risk for elopement. Which measure should you question?

Remind the person not to wander.

When a person is confused, it is helpful if you

Repeat the date and time as often as necessary

The person sits in a chair and folds the same napkin over and over.

Repetitive Behaviors

If a person with AD seems afraid or is worried about money, you should

Report the concern to the nurse

A person is confused. Which measure should you question?

Restrain in bed at night.

You frequently find the person looking for lost items in a wastebasket.

Rummaging

A caregiver may cause agitation and aggression by

Rushing the person to complete care quickly

Hallucination

Seeing, hearing, smelling, or feeling something that is not real

Depression is often overlooked in older persons because

Signs and symptoms are similar to aging and some drug side effects

Sundowning

Signs, symptoms, and behaviors of AD increase during hours of darkness

Which is common in persons with AD?

Sleep disturbances

With delirium, the onset is ________. It often lasts for about ________. It may take _________ for normal mental function to return.

Sudden, 1 week, several weeks

The person becomes more anxious, confused, or restless during the night.

Sundowner's

Increased signs, symptoms, and behavior of AD during hours of darkness is

Sundowning

In mild AD, the person may

Take longer to complete daily tasks

What should you do when a person repeats the same motions or repeats the same words over and over?

Take the person for a walk or distract the person with music or picture books.

You demonstrate personal and professional responsibility when you treat each person as unique, with his or her own

Talents, abilities, and interests

A person with AD keeps telling you that someone is stealing things. What should you do?

Tell the nurse. Someone could be abusing the person.

A person has delusions. Which measure should you question?

Tell the person the beliefs are not real.

A person is confused after surgery. the confusion is likely to be

Temporary

A person with AD hides things. You should check wastebaskets before emptying them.

True

Dementia

The loss of cognitive function that interferes with routine personal, social, and occupational activities

A person with AD no longer stays in a secured unit when

The person cannot sit or walk

Safety is important for persons with AD. Which measure is unsafe?

The person keeps smoking materials.

A person with AD is agitated and restless. A caregiver may have caused the behaviors.

True

A set routine is important for the person with AD.

True