cog 2-19

evidence from the standard model of consolidation indicates that memories are not simply

"stamped in" They involve changes at the synapse and a consolidation process involving both the hippocampus and the cortex.

evidence for the multiple trace hyphothesis saying hippocampus is involved in retrieval of remote memories, especially episodic memories is shown from experiments like

Gilboa's experiment with the people being shown pictures from recently back to when they were 5 then they had to

once the cortical connections become strong enough, different sites in the cortex become __________ and the _______ is no longer necessary.

When cortical connections get strong, different sites in the cortext become DIRECTLY LINKED and the HIPPOCAMPUS is no longer necessary

the cortex communicates with the hippocampus, which then coordinated activity of the different cortical areas, these areas

are not connected to the cortex yet when the activity is caused by incoming info activating different areas across the cortex, which in turn is distributed across these areas. (cortex to hippocampus coordinating cartical areas)

evidence from the standard model of consolidation shows memories aren't just stanmped in. They involve changes at

changes at the synapse and a consolidation process involving both the hippocampus and the cortex.

Gilboa's experiment went like this

elicited recent and remote episodic memories by showing participants pics of themselves engaging in various activities taken from times very recent to when they were 5.

Multiple trace hypothesis says hippocampus involved in retrieval of remote memories, especially

episodic memories

according to standard model of consolidation, the HIPPOCAMPUS is strongly active when memories are first formed, but becomes less active as memories are consolidated, until eventually

eventually activity must happen to retrieve remote memories

in the standard model of consolidation it proposes that memory retrival depends on the _______ during consolidation and once that consolidation is done it no longer depends on the ______

hippocampus

according to the standard model of consolidation, the hippocampus

is strongly active when memories are first formed but become less active as memories are consolidated, until eventually only cortical activity is necessary to retrieve remote memories.

incoming info activates a number of areas across the cortex, to deal with the fact that the activity resulting from this expierence is distributed across

many cortical areas.

according to the standard model of consolidation, the hippocampus is strongly active when

memories are first formed, but become less active as memories are consolidated, until eventually activity must happen to retrieve remote memories

Incoming info activaes a number of areas on the cortex, and activation is distributed across the cortex bc

memories typically involve many sensory and cognitive areas.

consolidation makes memories more

more stable

during reactivation, activity occurs in the

network connecting the hippocampus and cortex.

synaptic consolidation involves the reorganization of circuits within brain systems over time, this happens

on a longer time scale, lasting weeks months or even years

consolidation is the

process that transforms new memories from a fragile state where they can be disrupted, to a more permanent state where theyre resistant to disruption

Gilboas experiment with the people being shown pictures from recently back to when they were 5 resulted in....

proof that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of both recent and remote meories.

the major mechanism of consolidation is

reactivation

theres no question that consolidation makes memories more stable

recent research opens the possibility that even memories that are consolidated can be modified or eliminated.

The process of consolidation (when new memories transformed from fragile, disruptable memories to a more permanent undisruptable state) involves

reorganization in the nervous system, which occurs at 2 levels.

the multiple trace hypothesis posits that the HIPPOCAMPUS is involved in

retrieval of remote memories, especially episodic memories.

the standard model of consolidation proposes

that memory retrieval depends on the hippocampus during consolidation, but that once consolidation is complete retrieval no longer depends on the hippocampus

incoming info activates a number of areas across the cortex, this activity is distributed across The cortical areas

the cortex communicates with the \/ hippocampus, and the hippocampus coordinates the activity of the different cortical areas. (which have not yet been connected to the cortex)

the hippocampus is no longer necessary when

the different sites in the cortex become directly linked; this happens as a result of cortical connections becoming strong

synaptic consolidation involves

the gradual reorganization of circuits within brain regions and takes place on a longer time scale lasting weeks months or even years

the consolidation process that happens in memories that proves memories arent just "stamped in" used what structures?

the hippocampus and the cortex

reactivation is a process whre

the hippocampus replays neural activity associated with a memory.