Cog Final- test 2

Peterson and Peterson studied how well participants can remember groups of three letters (like BRT, QSD) after various delays. They found that participants remembered an average of ? percent of the groups after 3 seconds but only 10 percent after 18 seconds. They hypothesized that this decrease in performance was due to _____, but later research showed that is was actually due to _____.

decay; interference

Knowing the capital of California, but not being able to remember when you first learned it, is an example of how...

episodic memory can fade, but semantic memory may remain.

Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for the _____ of a list.

first five and the last five

If basketball legend Shaquille O'Neal wanted to remember his 16-digit credit card number, which of the following memory techniques would you recommend?

he should chunk all the numbers as a sequence of basketball statistics

Work with brain-injured patients reveals that ____ memory does not depend on conscious memory.

implicit and procedural

Sperling's delayed partial report procedure provided evidence that...

information in sensory memory fades within 1 or 2 seconds

The three structural components of the modal model of memory are

sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

Observations that people may process and manipulate information rather than simply store it for brief periods of time challenged the conceptualization of...

short-term memory

The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true...

simply because we have been exposed to them before.

The primary effect of chinking is to...

stretch the capacity of STM.

The word-length effect shows that it is more difficult to remember...

a list of long words than a list of short words

Wickens et al.'s "fruit, meat, and professions" experiment failed to show a release from proactive interference in the "fruit" group because...

because the stimulus category remained the same

Conduct an experiment where participants see a number of target letters flashed briefly on a screen and are told to immediately write down the letters in the order they were presented. It is most likely that the target letter "P" will be misidentified as....

"C"

The effective duration of short-term memory, when rehearsal is prevented is...

15-20 seconds

Which task below would most likely be used to test for implicit memory?

Completing a word for which the first and last letter have been supplied

Which of the following is NOT an example of semantic memory?

I remember the day we learned about how talking on cell phones can impair driving ability

Which of the following involves procedural memory?

Reading a sentence in a book.

Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that...

STM can operate normally while LTM is impaired

In which of the following examples of two different brain-injured patients (Tom and Tim) is a double dissociation demonstrated?

Tom has good semantic memory and poor episodic memory, while Tim has good episodic memory but poor semantic memory.

Clive Wearing, the ex-choral director, experienced what memory problem?

an inability to form new long-term memories

A task with the instructions "Read the following words while repeating "the, the, the, the, the" out loud, look away, and then write down the words you remember" would most likely be studying...

articulatory suppression

Recalling the sound of a song you heard on the radio yesterday would be an example of...

auditory coding in LTM

Which of the following statements is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memories?

autobiographical memories can involve both episodic and semantic content

Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?

semantic memory.

Imagine you are driving to your friend's new house. In your mind, you say the address repeatedly until you arrive. Once you arrive, you stop thinking about the address and start to think about buying a housewarming gift for your friend. to remember the address, you used a(n) ____ process in STM.

control

Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear by preventing rehearsal from taking place?

counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

Your text describes an "Italian woman" who, after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty remembering people or facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily tasks. Her memory behavior reflects...

intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory.

According to Tulving, the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that...

it involves mental time travel.

One of the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that...

it involves mental time travel.

When a light from a flashlight is moved quickly back and forth on a wall in a darkened room, it can appear to observers that there is a trail of light moving across the wall, even though physically the light is only in one place at any given time. This experience is an effect of memory that occurs because of...

persistence of vision.

Which task should be easier: keeping a sentence like "John went to the store to but some oranges" in your mind AND...

pointing to the word "yes" for each word that is a noun and "no" for each word that is not a noun

If a person has a digit span of two, this indicates the he has ____ memory.

poor short-term

Suppose you (a student) are asked by a teacher to learn a poem you will recite in from of you class. Soon after, both you and a classmate, JP, are asked by another teacher to learn the lyrics to an unfamiliar song. When you and JP are later asked to remember the song lyrics, you have a much more difficult time recalling them that JP does. This impairment of your performance is most likely attributed to...

proactive interference.

In the movie Groundhog Day, Bill Murray's character grows frustrated as he experiences the same day in his life over and over again. With each "passing" day, he is able to respond to people's actions more and more quickly because of...

repetition priming.

Remembering that a tomato is a fruit rather than vegetable is an example of ____ memory.

semantic

The dramatic case of H.M. clearly illustrates that _____ is crucial for the formation of LTM's.

the hippocampus

The word-length effect reveals that...

the phonological loop of the working memory model has a limited capacity

Which of the following is most closely associated with implicit memory?

the propaganda effect

Memory enhancement due to repetition priming is a result of...

the test stimulus being the same or resembling the priming stimulus

Working memory differs from short-term memory in that...

working memory is concerned with the manipulation of information