Cognitive Psychology - Final Exam - Dr. Lisa Topp-Manriquez (Unit 1 Review)

create; retrieve

Perception is to memory as _____ is to _____.

simplicity

The Gestalt principle of pragnanz is focused on which of the following concepts?

plasticity

The brain is constantly changing in response to various experiences due to its ________.

specificity coding

The fact that certain neurons might respond only to your mother's face but not your father's face highlights the importance of ___.

cognitive neuroscience.

The study of the physiological basis of cognition is known as

neurons

The use of positron emission tomography enables psychological research to get down to the level of _____.

resting potential.

The value that stays the same as long as there are no signals in the neuron is known as

Gestalt principles

Harry is creating a chart that compares the four perspectives on object perception. Which perspective should Harry place under the "Bottom-Up" heading on his chart?

top-down

If a word is identified more easily when it is in a sentence than when it is presented alone, this would be an example of _____ processing.

rate of nerve firing

If the intensity of a stimulus that is presented to a touch receptor is increased, this tends to increase the __________ in the receptor's axon.

episodic

If you are thinking about experiences about a previous vacation, then you are most likely making use of ___ memories.

occipital

If you're having problems with your vision, then it's likely that there could be a problem with your ___ lobe.

only Meg

Joe and Meg are doing a study in psychology. Joe is asked to push a button as soon as he sees a red light, whereas Meg is asked to push a red button if she sees a red light and a green button if she sees a green light. From the information, who appear(s) to be involved in a task measuring choice reaction time?

Broca's area

Josiah is trying to speak to his wife, but his speech is very slow and labored, often with jumbled sentence structure. Josiah may have damage to which area of the brain?

multiple views

Moving around an object enhances our perception of it due to which of the following?

receptors

Neurons in the skin that detect a spider crawling up your leg are called ________.

Broadbent's filter

Nick has perfected the skill of tuning out his mother's lectures about cleaning his room while still being able to text his friends and listen to music. What concept is Nick displaying?

the gap that separates two different neurons.

A synapse is

4LP91DMG

According to Miller, which of the following would be the shortest password that a person would have difficulty remembering?

axon.

Action potentials occur in the

speech segmentation

Given that Betty is fluent in Spanish, she can tell when one word ends and the next one begins. This illustrates ___.

apparent motion

Although each frame of the film has an image of people in a raft on water, the audience in the movie theater sees a group of people paddling and traveling down a swift rushing river. From a Gestalt perspective, the movement of the people and water is ________.

a cognitive map

An animal might learn how to navigate a maze through the use of ___.

long-term memory

As Latoya sat down to take her final exam in European History, what did she draw upon to answer the 100 questions?

1950s

As a result of gaps in the behaviorist paradigm, the new cognitive paradigm began to emerge in which decade?

cognition.

Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind engages. These are known as different types of

procedural memory

Celia loved to knit when she was a young girl, but she hadn't done it in years. So she was excited when she joined a group making blankets for homeless kids and started knitting like she had just done it yesterday. What did Celia access to start knitting again?

hierarchical processing

Driving in the dense fog, Sandeep could only see rows of large, white rectangles up ahead. As he got closer, he could make out that the rectangles were lighted windows in his hotel. Which term best describes what Sandeep experienced?

When someone accurately identifies a word in a song on a radio broadcast despite static interfering with reception

Evidence for the role of top-down processing in perception is shown by which of the following examples?

simplicity

Fundamentally, the principle of good figure emphasizes ___ in perception.

the source of information

What differentiates bottom-up processing from top-down processing?

Behavior of people with brain damage

What does the field of neuropsychology study?

One sends information and the other receives information.

What is a key difference between dendrites and axons?

Knowledge of what a scene typically contains

What is a scene schema?

dendrite

Which of the following acts like a radio antenna in a car?

synapse

Which of the following components of neural function is distinguished by being an absence of material?

information processing

Which of the following has become one of the dominant approaches in contemporary psychology?

The whole is different from the sum of its parts.

Which of the following is a basic principle of Gestalt psychology?

Perception is the basis for all human cognition.

Which of the following statements is accurate?

ideas

Which of the following terms best reflects the concept of cognition?

a stove

Which of the following would be LEAST likely to be part of a scene schema for a college classroom?

functional magnetic resonance imaging

Which of the following would play a key role in research on the physiology of cognition?

Ebbinghaus

Which one of these early pioneers in cognitive psychology was the first to undertake quantitative measurements of mental processes?

Neurotransmitters

Which substance is released when signals reach the synapse at the end of the axon?

as a problem solver

While George takes the bus home, he is thinking about how to resolve a difficult issue at work. This is an example of the mind ___.

Wilhelm Wundt

Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?

because nonsense syllables have no inherent meaning

Why did Ebbinghaus study memory for nonsense syllables?

structuralism.

Wundt's approach, which dominated psychology in the late 1800s and early 1900s, was known as

2 days

You studied a lot of information to ace this test. According to Ebbinghaus, when will the rate at which you begin to forget the information begin to level off?

John Watson; rejected

___ founded behaviorism which ___ the study of inner mental processes.

Greta suffers from prosopagnosia. As such, we would expect her to ___.

have an inability to recognize faces

viewpoint invariance

the fact that you can recognize your glasses as such from different angles specifically illustrates ___.