Colonies Fight For Their Rights

a proposal by Benjamin Franklin for the colonies to unite to form a federal government

Albany Plan of Union

At what physical barrier did the Proclamation of 1763 set the western boundary of the colonies?

Appalachian Mountains

This man created the Albany Plan of Union

Benjamin Franklin

From which colonial port did the British fleet sail to conquer Quebec?

Boston

Colonists were taunting British soldiers in Boston. In the midst of the turmoil, British soldiers fired and 5 colonists died. Newspapers portrayed the British as tyrants who were willing to kill people who stood up for their rights.

Boston Massacre

On March 5, 1770, colonists began throwing snowballs at a British soldier guarding a customs house. In the commotion that followed, the British troops began firing into the crowd. Five people were killed and six were wounded. The shootings became known as the ________ ___________________. News of the violence raced throughout the colonies

Boston Massacre

Britain taxed tea in 1773; colonists in Boston dumped the tea in protest

Boston Tea Party

First casualty of the Boston Massacre

Crispus Attucks

In October 1765, representatives from nine colonies met for the Stamp Act Congress and issued the ______________ __ ___ _______ __ ______________________. It said that only colonial political representatives and not Parliament had the right to tax the colonists

Declaration of the Rights of Grievances

Members from the colonies join together to discuss what to do against England after the Intolerable Acts

First Continental Congress:

This European power lost all their North American colonies, including the Ohio River Valley, in the French and Indian War

France

_______________ was more respectful to the Natives who lived in the Ohio River Valley and gained their friendship

France

the war between France and Britain in America

French and Indian War

This young Virginia colonel got his military start in the French and Indian War; he was stationed at Fort Necessity

George Washington

This proclamation said that the colonists could not settle past the Appalachian Mountains

Proclamation of 1763

During the winter of 1767-68, ____ ___________ published a series of essays entitled Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania.

John Dickinson

This man argued that only assemblies elected by the colonists had the right to tax them.

John Dickinson

What did Ben Franklin's snake cartoon say to the colonists who read it?

Join or Die

After the Boston Tea Party, the __________________________ assembly was suspended

Massachusetts

Control of the Ohio Valley really depended on people who were generally ignored in colonial politics--the _________ _________________

Native Americans.

Britain issued the Proclamation of 1763 because they feared the colonists would fight with the _____________ who live west of the Appalachian Mountains

Natives

river valley that France and England fought for in North America in the 1750s

Ohio River Valley

This lawmaking group was behind all the taxes put on the colonies.

Parliament

The Stamp Act was the first direct tax that Britain had placed on the colonists. Parliament then passed the ____________________ ___. It called for colonies to provide shelter for British troops or to pay their rent.

Quartering Act

A part of the Townshend Acts, it placed taxes on glass, lead, paper, and tea imported into the colonies.

Revenue Act

By the summer of 1765, a group called the ____ __ ________ was organizing huge demonstrations and intimidating stamp distributors.

Sons of Liberty

In August, this crowd gathered in Boston hung effigies-crude stuffed figures meant to represent persons-of several British officials, including Boston's stamp agent.

Sons of Liberty

In Connecticut, a group called the ____ __ _________ was organized. The group spread quickly throughout the colonies. The ____ __ _________ organized meetings and demonstrations.

Sons of Liberty

most of the British victories occurred along the ___ _____________ River in the French and Indian War

St. Lawrence

Enacted in March 1765 the ______ ___ taxed almost all printed materials, including newspapers, pamphlets, posters, wills, mortgages, deeds, licenses, diplomas and even playing cards

Stamp Act

Unlike previous taxes, which had always been imposed on trade, the ______ ___ was a direct tax-the first Britain had ever levied on the colonists

Stamp Act

Why did colonists want to move west of the Appalachian Mountain boundary?

They wanted more land and resources.

The ___________________ Acts angered many colonists. The Massachusetts assembly started organizing resistance against Britain. One of the leaders of the resistance was Sam Adams. He and James Otis wrote a letter for the assembly to pass and to send to other colonies. The letter said that the taxes in the ________________Acts would be used to pay the salaries of government officials.

Townshend

Britain continued to have financial problems. In 1767 Charles Townshend, the new finance officer, set up new laws and taxes. They were called the

Townshend Acts

British officials could now seize private property and go into anyone's home if they thought they were smuggling.

Townshend Acts

Colonists ignored these acts and ______________ British goods

boycotted

Britain had now put an end to colonist's trial by jury and forbid _______________________ of correspondence.

committees

a tax on imports and exports

customs duty

After the French and Indian War, Britain had a lot of ________; so they started to tax the 13 Colonies to pay it off.

debt

The Ohio River Valley was a major source for what trade

fur trade

a decline in the value of money

inflation

Britain had now put an end to colonist's trial by ____ and forbid committees of correspondence.

jury

When the Stamp Act took effect in November 1765, the colonists ignored it. Colonists boycotted British goods. In New York, 200 merchants signed a _________________ __________________t. They promised not to buy British goods until Parliament repealed the Stamp Act.

nonimportation agreement

The Stamp Act taxed all _________ items

printed

British troops could now be ____________________ in people's homes and did not need a warrant.

quartered

"No taxation without _________________________!"

representation

As punishment for the Boston Tea Party, England took away

trial by jury

British troops could now be quartered in people's homes and did not need a ______________.

warrant

One of the Townshend Acts was the Revenue Act of 1767. It placed taxes on glass, lead, paper, and tea imported into the colonies. The Revenue Act legalized the use of ____ __ ___________. These were general search warrants. They were used to help customs officers arrest smugglers.

writs of assistance