com 101 final
A stereotype is a justified generalization that distinguishes categories from each other.
False
Cable television was initially developed as a way to bring movies without commercials into U.S. homes
False
Commercial radio broadcasting began during World War I.
False
Human interest stories are not considered news.
False
In the 1950s, neither movies nor TV challenged the beliefs and values of mainstream society.
False
In the phrase that media literacy is a "critical thinking skill", critical means "I don't like it."
False
Media messages have consistent meanings to all receivers.
False
Most violence on television punishes the perpetrator of the violence.
False
Motion pictures reflect the world views of the audiences of those pictures.
False
Moveable type presses could not do illustrated texts.
False
Radio broadcasting, as the medium of entertainment, led to a major increase in only mainstream musicians.
False
Radio never included drama in its programming.
False
Radio requires less concentration on the part of its audience than television does.
False
Scriptoria was an early typeface designed by Gutenberg.
False
Sex and the City was a return to the social story of the 1950s in terms of the roles women play in American society.
False
TV producers have always been convinced that social and political talk shows were not appropriate programming in prime time.
False
The Knowledge Gap hypothesizes that that low SES (socio-economic status) individuals will learn information at a higher rate than high SES individuals.
False
The amount of violence on television has not changed much overtime.
False
The denotative meaning of a word often carries a great deal of emotional weight.
False
The first electrical recording device used tape with an iron oxide coating.
False
The internet has no effect on the way people see the world, nor on the way they think and behave.
False
The main difference between scripted TV shows and reality TV shows is that scriptwriters have no influence on the stories told in reality TV.
False
The most successful magazines today appeal to a wide audience.
False
The people who decide what news will appear in a news medium and thus what people should know are known as publishers.
False
The rules societies make for themselves are rarely illogical.
False
The scientific method allows scientists to conclusively prove the results they arrive at in their research..
False
The viewing public was as eager to buy color TV sets when they became available as they had been to buy black and white TVs when they came out.
False
There is a clear, objective definition of news.
False
A desire for consistency leads people to search out sources of information that agrees with what they already believe.
True
An advantage of magazines is that their stories are written by specialist rather than general reporters.
True
An advantage that radio has over newspapers is that radio can get news to the public faster than radio can.
True
Biases and predispositions are common forms of "noise" in communication.
True
Catharsis is the commonly accepted theory that states viewing violent content results in less violent actions.
True
Early TV programming allowed Americans to watch some of the world's finest dramas, which they would probably never have seen without TV.
True
Etienne Jules Marey's innovation was putting sprocket holes along the edge of film.
True
Gutenberg's invention of movable type led to the world's first mass media.
True
Heinrich Hertz proved that electricity propagates in waves at different frequencies the way sound does.
True
In order to be competitive, when Fox entered the market it didn't imitate the programming of the three other big TV networks.
True
It's crucial to be media literate because we live in a media-saturated world and media content has an impact on the individual and society.
True
Journalists can let their personal biases and prejudices influence their news stories.
True
Mary Richards, the main character on The Mary Tyler Moore Show, was essentially the first liberated woman appearing in a network TV show.
True
Media messages are deliberately designed to affect their audiences.
True
People's realities are based on stories rather than facts.
True
Reducing the knowledge gap is often a matter of having enough money.
True
Selective retention is when you remember what's important to you.
True
Stereotypes are shortcuts for thinking.
True
Stereotypes are triggered by superficial characteristics, whether or not those characteristics are important.
True
The concept of news goes back centuries.
True
The current era of media effects research suggests that there are media effects, and studies when they are most likely to occur.
True
The development of the printing press led to the standardizing of language, spelling, and grammar.
True
The effect of radio on society after the introduction of television was to fragment society.
True
The more time people spend together, the less their differences will matter.
True
The producers of the "The Simpsons" especially aim at media literate audiences.
True
Trade across the Mediterranean was improved by the development of the alphabet.
True
Eating turkey on Thanksgiving because that's what you've always done is an example of which "way of knowing"?
Tradition
The primary drawback of the Edison talking machine for sound recording was:
only one recording of a given sound could be made; copies were not possible
Network affiliates are which of the following?
local broadcast stations that carry network programming
Paul Baran's idea of cutting messages into small pieces and sending them on the easiest route to their final destinations was known as
packet switching
Which of the following is not an element of storytelling according to Aristotle?
plot
Philo T. Farnsworth invented which of the following?
the basic technology for television
Which inventor/invention is incorrect?
*WRONG* All of the above are correct
Which of the following is not considered a criterion for newsworthiness?
*WRONG* All of the above are criteria for newsworthiness
The inventor who made it possible to send radio waves over long distances was
*WRONG* Guglielmo Marconi (mayble tesla?)
The idea that people like to hear information that agrees with the beliefs they hold is the basic premise of what theory?
*WRONG* Priming
Which inventor truly made possible commercial radio broadcasting?
*WRONG* Reginald Fessenden (Maybe armstrong)
The first moving picture machine was invented by
*WRONG* Thomas Edison (Maybe Franz Uchatius)
People not involved in the writing and reporting of news stories include
*WRONG* all of the above are involved
All of the following skills are needed for one to be media literate except:
*WRONG* an ability to develop independent judgments of media messages.
George Melies' innovation was (were)
*WRONG* the use of special effects
The purpose(s) of news include
*WRONG* to inform (ALL OF THE ABOVE?)
According to the 'Canons of Journalism and Statement of Principles' from 1923, the right of a newspaper to attract and hold readers is only restricted by ...
... considerations of public welfare.
Which of the following was first major movie with multiple scenes and a plot?
A Trip to the Moon
Which theory states that the media tells us what to think about?
Agenda Setting
The effects of printing on society can still be observed today ...
All of the above
The internet
All of the above
What was/were the major problem(s) of early newspapers in America in the 18th century?
All of the above
Which of the following is a common stereotyped portrayal of women in advertising?
All of the above
Which of the following plays a role in the process of mass communication?
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT an element of media literacy?
An understanding that media content only affects other people instead of oneself
Believing that media effects people because your professor (someone who should know) says so is an example of which "way of knowing"?
Authority
Hollerith
Computers
Digital recordings, such as CDs, frighten recording companies for which of the following reasons?
Consumers can potentially make perfect digital copies of the music without paying for them
Which theory suggests that all emotional responses are heightened following arousal?
Excitation Transfer
The Spiral of Silence theory indicates that what drives individuals who are not in the majority to be silent?
Fear of Social Isolation
Which theory would indicate that focusing on winners and losers in political coverage rather than on issues will lead individuals to pay more attention to the game of politics rather than substantive issues?
Framing
Regarding the internet, which of the following is (are) true?
It was invented by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
Which of the following is an outcome of desensitization effects of media violence?
Indifference to real-life violence
The inconsistency between actual arrest rates and arrests featured on TV news is an example of which type of stereotyped comparison?
Interreality
The first photograph was taken by
Joseph Niepce
Before printing, society was based on all of the following except:
Knowledge
The first Web browser that could handle graphics was called which of the following?
Mosaic
Why did political talk shows disappear from prime time TV?
Political talk shows were bad for the advertising business
Which theory suggests that viewing media violence leads to increased aggression because it makes other violent pieces of information more accessible in memory?
Priming
This kind of newspaper brought papers to millions of "regular people," quickly making the newspaper the people's medium.
Penny Press
What can we learn from Watergate and the role of Walter Cronkite of CBS Evening News in reporting on the scandal?
People's trust in a journalist can lend more credibility to a story than an extensive investigative inquiry
Allport and Postman's study that demonstrated that individuals are horrible eye witnesses is an example of which selective process at work?
Perception
Which occupations tend to have stereotypical roles in television?
Police officers
The ability to physically be able to act out the images seen on media is part of which aspect of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory?
Production
Which stage of minority portrayals has been reached when minority group members serve as protectors of the existing order?
Regulation
Celluloid was invented to
Replace ivory in billiard balls
The majority of Pullman residents support raising taxes to create a new animal shelter. The news coverage emphasizes support for raising taxes to support the shelter, which decreases discussion and coverage of those who disagree with the tax increase. This is an example of which theory?
Spiral of Silence
Farnsworth
TV
Which of the following was the most important effect of the printing press and movable type?
The rapid spread and growth of knowledge.
This media theory predicts that people think that others are more influenced by persuasive and harmful messages than themselves.
Third-Person Effect
How did "All in the Family" (1971) change the TV landscape?
The show proved the audiences wanted thought-provoking material
What can we learn from the conflict between Joseph McCarthy and Edward R. Murrow?
The sounds and images brought into people's living rooms through TV can expose demagogues
Why did TV entertainment not reflect the changes happening in society in the 1960s?
The sponsors of the programs feared that upsetting the audience might interfere with their commercials
Which of the following best describes the main focus of Cultivation Theory?
Those who watch more television think that the televised world is similar to reality than people who watch less television
Using the scientific method allows scientists to answer questions about what exists and what should exist.
True
Very early TV shows were essentially radio with pictures.
True
Violence often appears in media messages due to dramatic necessity.
True
When framing a news story, complexity is reduced to simplicity.
True
When people see what they expect to see instead of what's really there, they are using selective perception.
True
William Crooks developed the ability to manipulate a beam of electrons with a magnet.
True
Word choice can play a major role in influencing an audience's belief about an issue.
True
Which societal movement profited from the newly developed printing technology?
Two of the above
Movies
Uchatius
While watching his favorite cartoon, Vinnie watched the program's hero beat up a bad guy and then the hero was punished for his actions. According to Social Cognitive Theory, which if the following is a likely outcome from Vinnie viewing this on TV?
Vinnie would be less likely to behave violently
A convenient way to describe communication is to answer the following questions, EXCEPT this one:
When?
Which of the following statements is true about how different genders tend to be portrayed in mass media?
Women and men are expected to have certain body types
Societies create rules to:
a and b
A society can be defined as:
a group of people with an agreed upon world view and rules of interaction
Media literacy is:
a skill that can be improved through practice
Critics worry that television has a strong influence on young people because:
all of the above
There are several reasons to communicate. They do not include
all of the above are reasons to communicate
People whose level of media literacy is low tend to do which of the following?
blame the media for complex problems
All of the following are essential elements that made a modern computer possible except:
daguerreotype
Desi Arnaz' greatest contribution to television was
devising the 3-camera technique of filming TV shows
A message being sent through the media must be ______ before it can be transmitted.
encoded
Colonial newspapers could be characterized by which of the following?
intensely partisan opinion writing
Berners-Lee
internet
Talking to your roommate is an example of:
interpersonal communication
News has not been delivered by
news has been delivered by all of the above
During the European Middle Ages, most knowledge such as history and law was held in:
people's heads
Wozniak
personal computing
Gutenberg
printing
Armstrong
radio
Humans communicate primarily through the channel of
sound
The Lumiere brothers' innovation was (were)
the movie theatre
