COM 220 CH. 5 NONVERBAL

Guidelines for Improving Nonverbal Communication

-monitor your nonverbal communication -interpret others' nonverbal communication tentatively: personal qualifications, contextual qualifications

Social Media and Nonverbal Communication

-more restricted in the digital context -size of electronic footprint -can compete with, or interfere with, face to face communication

Nonverbal Communication May Supplement or Replace Verbal Communication

-nonverbal behaviors may repeat verbal messages -nonverbal behaviors may highlight verbal communication -we use nonverbal behavior to complement or add to words -nonverbal behaviors may contradict verbal messages -we sometime substitute nonverbal behaviors for verbal ones

Principles of Nonverbal Communication

-nonverbal communication may supplement or replace verbal communication -nonverbal communication may regulate interaction -nonverbal communication often established relationship-level meanings: responsiveness, liking/affections, power -nonverbal communication reflects and expresses cultural values

Similarities Between Verbal and Nonverbal

-symbolic -rule-guided -intentional or unintentional -reflects culture

Differences Between Verbal and Nonverbal: unlike verbal communication, nonverbal communication:

-tends to be perceived as more believable -is multichanneled -is continuous

9 Types of Nonverbal Communication

1. kinesics 2. haptics 3. physical appearance 4. artifacts 5. environmental factors 6. proxemics 7. chronemics 8. paralanguage 9. silence

Which of the following is an example of nonverbal communication substituting for verbal communication?

Dolly smiles and winks at her mother when she asks if Dolly will be home for dinner.

"Whatever," sneers Justine under breath to her boss, who is just out of earshot. This verbal message may seem simple, but the way Justine delivers it shows that:

Tone communicates scorn more emphatically than words.

Which of the following statements about verbal and nonverbal communication is not true? verbal communication is perceived as more credible than nonverbal communication, we may focus our attention on some aspects of nonverbal communication and ignore others, not all nonverbal communication is limited by culture

Verbal communication is perceived as more credible than nonverbal communication

Which of the following statements does not apply to the similarities between verbal and nonverbal communication? both are guided by rules, both occur intentionally and unintentionally, both are influenced by culture, both are continuous

both are continuous

Verbal communication and nonverbal communication are similar in all of the following respects except: both are symbolic, both are unintentional, both are rule-guided, both reflect culture

both are unintentional

Paralanguage

communication that is vocal but does not use words: rate, tone, volume, vocal filters, accents, pronunciation

Nonverbal Communication Often Established Relationship-Level Meanings

communicators' identities and relationships between them; 3 dimensions of relationship-level meaning: -responsiveness -liking -power

Environmental Factors

elements of a setting that affect how we act and feel

Personal Qualifications

generalizations about nonverbal behavior tell us only what is generally the case. they may not apply to particular individuals

Which of the following types of nonverbal communication refers to the way we use touch:

haptics

Physical Appearance

how others look

Nonverbal Communication is Symbolic

it is arbitrary (based on personal whim rather than system or reason), ambiguous (open to more than one interpretation), and abstract

Nonverbal Communication may be Intentional or Unintentional

it may be deliberately controlled. It also may be unconscious and unplanned.

Which of the following statements about silence is true?

it's a type of nonverbal communication, it can be used to soothe and comfort someone, it can be used to punish and hurt someone

Responsiveness

key to responsiveness is immediacy, which is behavior that increases perceptions of closeness between communicators; in face to face interaction, immediacy behaviors include smiling, making eye contact, head nodding, etc.

Nonverbal Communication May Regulate Interaction

more than verbal cues, nonverbal behaviors regulate the flow of communication between people

Nonverbal Communication Reflects and Expresses Cultural Values

most nonverbal behavior is not instinctive but learned in the process of being socialized within a particular culture

Nonverbal Communication Tends to be Perceived as More Believable

most people believe that nonverbal communication is more reliable than verbal communication in expressing true feelings. this is especially the case when verbal and nonverbal messages are inconsistent

Liking

nonverbal behaviors are often keen indicators of how positively or negatively we feel toward others

Nonverbal Communication is Multichanneled

nonverbal communication often occurs simultaneously in two or more channels, whereas verbal communication tends to take place in a single channel

Contextual Qualifications

our nonverbal communication also reflects the settings we inhabit: immediate setting, cultural setting

Artifacts

personal objects we use to announce our identities

Families with open communication patterns have rooms that are furnished to allow for comfortable conversation and informal discussions. This is an example of what type of nonverbal communication?

proxemics

Kinesics

refers to body position and body motions, including those of the face

Chronemics

refers to how we perceive and use time

Proxemics

refers to space and how we use it

Nonverbal Communication Reflects Culture

shaped by cultural ideas, values, customs, and history

Everlie is angry with Maxwell, so she refuses to speak to him. To communicate her emotions, Everlie is relying on which type of nonverbal communication?

silence

Haptics

the sense of touch

Which of the following is not considered an environmental factor that influences communication? noise, lighting, temperature, time, color

time

Nonverbal Communication is Continuous

verbal symbols start and stop, but we continuously adjust our posture and facial expressions

Nonverbal Communication is Rule-Guided

we share general understandings of which nonverbal behaviors are appropriate in various situations and what they mean. we follow rules to create different interaction climates

Power

we use nonverbal behaviors to assert dominance and to negotiate for status and influence