Comm 2025

Which quotation below is the best example of gatekeeping?

"I'm still concerned that Maria has not had a chance to speak."

Which of the following is a defensive statement?

"This plan will never work. We'd be better off doing nothing."

Approximately how many people in the United States have earned a bachelor's degree?

A little more than 30%

Which nation is most likely to have an explicit-rule culture?

Canada

Which of the following best summarizes the relation between speaker and audience?

Good public speakers successfully impose their point of view on their listeners.

Which statement below about M-time and P-time cultures is INACCURATE?

Reflecting their Chinese heritage, Singapore and Hong Kong have P-time cultures.

Close personal relationships are built on

empathetic listening.

What is another term for the probing stage of a relationship?

experimentation stage

An example of pathos is

fear appeal.

Which item below is NOT a paralinguistic feature of language?

grammar

Amabel told Menchie not to share a link to her personal information on a social media account without asking her first, but Menchie posted the link on a public forum anyway. This is an example of

privacy turbulence.

Hearing is the act of

receiving sound.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a demographic characteristic useful for audience analysis?

shoe size

Verbal communication is

the use of language to convey meaning.

Effective communicators follow

communication rules that vary with place and who is there.

As the anatomy professor explains the bones of the body, she uses a pointer to indicate each bone on a full-size skeleton. The professor is using what concept in nonverbal communication?

complementing

A syllogism is a(n) ________ argument.

deductive

You innocently ask a friend how she did on her quiz yesterday and she lashes out at you for making fun of her. By doing so, your friend is exhibiting

defensiveness.

Your roommate says, "What's the matter with you anyway?" and you become defensive. It would have been far better if he had said, "You look sad today," a relational approach referred to as

description.

Observations are

descriptions of what you directly saw, touched, tasted, smelled, or heard.

Which item below best illustrates a proposition of policy?

All students who register early will be given a tuition discount.

Uses and gratifications theorists view social media as negative.

False

Using an analogy to link the unknown to the known is not an appropriate strategy for an informative speech.

False

While listening is important in interpersonal relationships, it is far less important in the workplace.

False

You and a friend attend a symphony together. At this musical event, you will most likely listen for relating.

False

You are speaking in favor of medical marijuana to a group of people who are opposed to its development or use. A good strategy is to use the Monroe Motivated Sequence, where you shock them with an extreme position and then move back to a more moderate one.

False

You develop an interpersonal relationship every time you have a conversation with someone.

False

You want to persuade a group of professors and college administrators that colleges place too much emphasis on standardized test scores for admission purposes. A reasonable immediate purpose for the speech would be to get their agreement.

False

Which of the following observations is NOT credible?

The Internet is the one place where profanity can be used openly with no prohibitions.

Your parents tend to call you when they know you're at work and they leave voice-mail messages. Sometimes they e-mail you instead. They rarely talk to you when you call, and they do not like to send text messages. We may conclude that they prefer synchronous communication.

False

In which places listed below is it customary for people to go to great lengths to avoid insulting another person?

South and Central America

Social media have altered the way we think about friendship and who we call friends.

True

The president of the United States is considered a leader, while the White House chief of staff is considered a manager.

True

Utilitarian users

X use caution not to reveal too much about themselves. X share information freely to connect with others. try to anticipate all possible consequences before posting anything.

Different types or purposes of learning

X use the exact same processes and techniques. X happen automatically in different circumstances. require different levels of effort.

What is a rhetorical question?

Xa question that expects no answer X a question that has no answer X an especially controversial question a question that requires considerable explanation

In the United States, which group is considered the dominant culture?

educated, employed white males, because they hold most of the power and wealth

You have a friend who regularly interrupts you and others. She tops every story you tell with a story that is more extreme. Even when you are talking, she plays with her jewelry and her hair, acting distracted and keeping the focus on her. This is a classic example of

egocentrism.

The 2010 census form made significant changes in its approach to defining race and ethnicity. However, it did NOT

eliminate the concept of race altogether.

When you use acronyms and abbreviations in tweeting and texting, you are using an ancient rhetorical canon or principle called

elocutio.

Another name for the gesture of a traffic cop holding up an open hand to indicate "Stop" is a(n)

emblem.

When you form a study group with friends to prepare for an exam, that is a(n) ________ small group.

emergent

The use of nonverbal communication to strengthen a verbal message is called

emphasis.

Your instructor tells the class to put away their laptop computers. While she is making this statement, she raises her voice, looks angry, and uses direct eye contact. She is using nonverbal communication as

emphasis.

Instrumental language usually

functions as a tool to get something done.

During his job interview, Juan used a form of nonverbal communication when he

gave a firm handshake

If you blog about your eating disorder and visit websites where you offer support to others with the same malady, you are using social media as a means of

health communication.

You are trying to understand the culture of an organization, so you approach several people and say, "Who in the organization is often discussed as a hero or role model?" With this question, you are trying to understand the organization's

language use and storytelling.

Twitter is the

most popular microblogging venue.

New concepts require new words, referred to as

neologisms.

Saying "hi" to an acquaintance on the sidewalk and expecting only a "hi" in return is a form of communication called

phatic communication.

If you are proposing a change in the taxation system to make it fairer, you are making a proposition of

policy.

If you want to convince an audience that men should be given paternity leave just as women are given maternity leave, you are making a proposition of

policy.

An acquaintance uses the word "lady" to describe a woman he has just met. Because you consider the term to be sexist, you are unable to listen to the content or the intent of the message. This is known as

semantic distraction.

Tactile communication is a term referring to

touch.

All descriptions below are characteristic of M-time cultures EXCEPT a tendency for people to

allow a chance meeting with a friend to delay an on-time arrival.

To use words that are open to multiple interpretations is to use

ambiguous language.

Observation could reveal all of the following characteristics of an audience EXCEPT

audience values and beliefs.

Dialectic theory suggests that relationships

consist of contrary pushes and pulls.

Ending an abusive relationship

may require police protection.

A timely topic is

of interest to audiences today.

Good tips for interview preparation include all of the following EXCEPT

preparing yourself to reveal personal information about your family.

When you show you are done talking by moving away, you are using your movement as a(n)

regulator.

An effective speaker should

summarize the message before finishing.

The strongest predictor of speech performance is

the work put into preparation.

Which of the following involves the use of an artifact to communicate?

Bob taps his watch to indicate he is late.

Which of the following is a social media fact?

Facebook was originally designed exclusively for college students.

Since 2009 the most popular social media site is

Facebook.

You and Marco have been dating for a long time. One night after dinner, Marco tells you he has gotten a new job and is leaving town to take it, and he would like you to come with him. This is an example of a

turning point.

A Filipino professor reports that he does not feel comfortable working in Japan. He believes it is because of his distinct racial/ethnic makeup. It's possible that he is correct because Japan is considered to be a(n) ________ culture.

uncertainty-rejecting

Conflict management is

using language to resolve issues between individuals and groups.

Which item below is NOT one of the recommendations for how to write a cover letter?

Repeat the information you have listed in the résumé.

Both technology and improved transportation are factors that allow people to interact with people from cultures that are different from their own.

True

Building your vocabulary can improve your verbal communication.

True

Early television programs that included African Americans cast them in secondary roles, with white, middle-class men and women in the primary roles. These depictions tended to perpetuate stereotypes.

True

Interpersonal communication has both a content and a relationship dimension.

True

It is traditional to use clauses rather than full sentences in a résumé.

True

Just like a public speech, the cover letter serves a number of functions: gaining the reader's attention, arousing his or her interest, demonstrating desire for the position, and suggesting the next steps or action you would like to see.

True

The number of heterosexual marriages has decreased over the past decade, and the number of single-parent families has increased.

True

Which topic best illustrates the informative goal of demonstrating something useful?

a demonstration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Using the term "friendly fire" to refer to an American soldier killed by another American soldier is to use

a euphemism.

When the physician tells the patient that she has a tumor the size of a grape, the physician is using what language strategy for clarification?

a figure of speech

In Organization X, the CEO supervises the vice presidents, who in turn supervise the division chairs, who are in charge of the line workers in the plant. This organization illustrates

a hierarchy.

When you are making a persuasive argument on a highly controversial topic, you should realistically understand that getting agreement from your audience will probably be

a long-term goal.

The Monroe Motivated Sequence is an especially popular organizational pattern for persuaders. Which step below is NOT part of the sequence?

attribution

On the 2010 U.S. Census form, "Black, African Am., or Negro" is listed as a category for

race.

Which kind of culture below is most likely to be uncertainty-accepting?

one led by an elected leader

What should a speaker bring to the podium when using a complete-sentence outline and note cards?

only the note cards

Chronemics refers to

our relationship to time.

An excellent strategy to increase accurate communication is to state in your own words what you think the other person meant, a strategy called

paraphrasing.

Salaries tend to

peak for women nearly a decade earlier than for men.

Which of the following is most likely a largely voluntary audience?

people who paid to attend a lecture on modern art at a local museum

Pseudolistening is defined as

pretending to pay attention.

The distance most often used on the job is called

social distance.

You have been contacted by a potential employer who wants to schedule a phone interview with you. If you were a serious candidate, the employer would have asked for a face-to-face interview.

False

You hope you can convince a group of people that torture is never acceptable. If you try to warm them to your ideas before you make your most persuasive statements, you are using the boomerang effect.

False

Body language may indicate features of relationships such as status, liking, and responsiveness.

True

Businesses have become increasingly global.

True

When the speaker says he knows a lot more about a subject than you do because he is older and wiser, the speaker is exhibiting which concept below?

experiential superiority

You find that most of your classmates are younger than you and certainly less experienced than you in the ways of the world. Consequently, you feel that what you have to say is more important than what they have to say. This is probably an example of

experiential superiority.

Information overload includes all of the following EXCEPT

explaining something complicated in overly simple language.

The teacher who arouses the students' interest and develops the topic of global warming by simplifying and clarifying it is using

explanation.

A group that regards its decisions as invulnerable, that believes everyone in the group is in total agreement, and that disregards any alternative solutions is likely experiencing

groupthink.

The top attribute employers look for on a résumé is

leadership skills.

Reflexivity is a concept in intercultural communication that means

learning from interactions with the intent of improving future interactions.

The jury finds Attorney A more attractive than Attorney B, and Attorney A wins the case in spite of the weak evidence he presents. Which persuasive principle does this illustrate?

liking

Unlike the United States, India, Pakistan, and Brazil

have all elected a woman as head of state.

You may go through a series of interviews before you are offered a position or told that you are no longer being considered.

True

You should be clear on the specific purpose of your speech, and you should be able to state the outcome you desire.

True

Your co-worker can be said to have expert power because she knows more about software development than any other person in your department.

True

What is the relationship among attitudes, beliefs, and values?

Values (like health) underlie beliefs (for example that diet affects health), which underlie attitudes (like concern about the effects of pesticide use).

Which of the following is NOT an attitude?

Wickedness will be punished.

Internships offer many benefits. Which of the following is NOT typically one of them?

a welcome source of income for struggling students

Faced with an audience that opposes your ideas, the best strategy is to

acknowledge your differences and do what you can to show the merit of your position.

If you use a questionnaire to rank audience feelings about such topics as identity theft, college tuition, and immigration reform, you are assessing their

attitudes.

It is best to narrow your topic for a speech

before you begin additional research on the topic.

Which of the following is NOT a mistake beginning speakers often make?

choosing a topic about which the audience knows more than the speaker

The weak ties who may be most helpful in your first job searches include

co-workers, previous internship partners, neighbors, and general acquaintances.

The individual players were not high draft choices, but they made up for their second-place ratings with such strong cooperation and caring that they turned out to be champions. The characteristic exhibited by this team is

cohesiveness.

Which of the following is a good example of audience analysis?

collecting and interpreting publicly available demographic information about the audience

Being well informed about a topic will not necessarily make it a good choice for a presentation. You will make a far better presentation if you also feel some ________ the topic, meaning that you have or will invest some time and effort in a cause related to the topic.

commitment to

Even when he is saying that he loves her, his eyes are wandering around the crowd. This form of nonverbal communication is called

contradiction.

Before giving a speech to his class, Jaehyun searched his school's website for statistics about the school's students—such as their average SAT and ACT scores, their racial and ethnic background, their gender, and their most popular majors—to begin to get a sense of the audience he would be addressing. In doing so, Jaehyun was engaging in

demographic analysis.

Shianne practices telling a couple of stories from her work history that relate to the position she is seeking and shows what kind of person and worker she is. This is her

experience inventory.

Good tips for job seekers include all of the following EXCEPT

finding an online résumé that is close enough to yours to use in job applications.

A résumé that is organized according to your experiences and skills rather than the places where you worked is called a(n) ________ résumé.

functional

Which item below is NOT a valid test of evidence?

Do most people in the United States find this evidence credible?

Argument is defined as a

form of discourse that attempts to persuade.

Culture includes all of the following features EXCEPT

intelligence.

Atticus runs a construction company. When one of his crew leaders, Sherry, comes to him asking how to remove some large rocks near the foundation of a new building they are constructing, Atticus says, "Hey, I trust you. You folks always figure it out. Surprise me!" What leadership style does Atticus use?

laissez-faire

In 2013, Oprah Winfrey, perhaps the world's richest African American woman, was visiting Switzerland. She entered a very high-end shop, where she asked to have a closer look at a purse that was in a closed cabinet. The shopkeeper said no and hinted that her customer could not afford that item. Winfrey said that she could, but the shopkeeper again refused. Winfrey left this store and publicized the incident. The store owner's inability to listen to Winfrey's request may be attributable to

personal bias.

Which item below is NOT a good suggestion for an informational interview?

Be prepared to criticize at least one aspect of the company's policies or practices.

A convenience store is owned by two brothers, and they employ many family members. This is probably a strongly hierarchical organization.

False

As a novice public speaker, you should rely heavily on demographic information; when you are a more experienced speaker, you can ignore demographics.

False

Basic information that should be included on the résumé includes your contact information, education, marital status, and parental status.

False

The thesis statement of a speech and the central idea of a composition are similar.

True

Which term below best describes the approach of an organization that has a very thick manual revealing pages of rules, regulations, requirements, prohibitions, and expectations?

formalization

Andre wants to create a fantastic résumé. Which of the following phrases would be the best one for him to use to describe his last job task?

headed a team

Which type of small-group function includes blocking, withdrawing, and recognition seeking?

self-centered

Interpersonal communication is the process of interpreting meaning within the self.

False

Which method would best help you find out about an organization's treatment of women and their prospects for promotion?

Ask a woman who has worked in the organization.

Which of the following is an example of the novelty and predictability aspect of a relationship?

Ava wants Edward to be home at seven each night, but also likes it when he comes home late with dinner and flowers.

Which of the following statements about families is FALSE?

Children in single-parent families achieve the same level of education as children in two-parent families.

After a few weeks in class, the person who sits in front of you turns around toward you, leans close to you, touches your arm, and smiles. She is demonstrating status.

False

Which instance is an example of quid pro quo sexual harassment?

Fred offers a positive merit review if Sara will go out with him.

Which item below is a long-range goal?

I want my audience to change their pro-gun stance to a gun-control stance.

You are angry at your friend, and you criticize her without thinking. Now you must face the following unfortunate characteristic of interpersonal communication.

Interpersonal communication is irreversible.

Which statement about interpersonal communication below is FALSE?

It is an interaction limited to two people.

Which item below would NOT be good advice for you as you prepare a résumé?

List every job you have had so employers do not see suspicious gaps.

Which item below is NOT a guideline for answering behavioral-based interview questions?

Make yourself the hero of the story—for example, "If I had not stepped in, the company would have lost customers and possibly gone bankrupt."

How is status related to listening?

Most people will listen more attentively to a person with high status than to one with low status.

Which item below is the best example of a generalization?

People who live in cities are fearful of crime.

Which is the best example of the cultivation effect?

People who watch a lot of TV violence tend to perceive the world as a dangerous place.

Which of the following is an example of complementarity in a relationship?

Sam's wife says little, but listens much, so Sam has center stage most of the time.

Which item below is a hypothetical example?

The House and Senate would be even more inefficient if our representatives had to live with term limits.

Which item below is an inference about an audience?

They look conservative.

If you were giving a student in your class a list of ethical considerations for persuasive speaking and debating, which would you NOT include?

When necessary, attack your opponent to discredit her arguments.

Which of the following is NOT an example of code sensitivity?

When talking to someone from China, you point out to him that you have trouble understanding his words because he has difficulty pronouncing the English letter T.

Which statement about women in the United States is INACCURATE?

Women often fall behind in earnings because they lack strong math skills

In which instance below is listening the most important communication skill?

You have to train other salespeople how to sell.

You recently traveled to Jamaica and were delighted with how open and talkative the Jamaican people were. These are features of

a P-time culture.

Which of the following metaphors is NOT commonly used to describe an organization?

a beehive with the queen doing little and the workers doing much

If you ask too quickly for too much change in an audience, you are likely to get

a boomerang effect.

Levi, a man from Ohio, is Amish, which is classified as being

a co-culture and an ethnic group.

Organizational charts tend to show all of the following communication flows EXCEPT

diagonal communication.

When CNN's multipart investigative TV series Diversity in America actively sought to broaden the amount of concern about diversity, that programming was an example of

agenda-setting.

Politicians who answer questions without giving any specific details are using

ambiguous words.

In his speech, Bob says that the perfect job does not have set hours, does not require reporting to a direct supervisor, and does not pay below the median wage. Bob is using

an antonym.

Race is a concept that refers to

biological features.

Barriers to listening

change over time.

The ability to adapt to the verbal and nonverbal language of the individual with whom you are communicating, regardless of cultural or co-cultural differences, is known as

code sensitivity.

The bully who uses his voice and physical strength to get you to do something is not using persuasion; instead, the bully is using

coercion.

The parent who says, "Finish your chores or you will not be allowed to go out for the rest of the month," is trying to get the chores done by using

coercion.

Some research indicates that people are more inclined to do something because their friends and neighbors do it—for example, inoculate their children—than because their physician tells them to. Which principle of persuasion does this illustrate?

social validation

In which situation below can you be most casual about your language?

with your best friends on a vacation

Despite being a majority, which of the following groups still experiences prejudice in the United States?

women

When employers were recently asked about skills they were looking for in new employees,

written and verbal communication skills were both near the top of the list.

Friends with benefits are friends who

have a sexual relationship.

If you are storing information in short-term memory, you can probably recall 20 or more of these items.

False

Many work and school groups now include members for whom English is a second language. Which of the following statements about such groups is supported by research?

Cohesiveness is not compromised as long as individuals interact actively.

Which of the following statements about listening and remembering is FALSE?

College students have superior memory skills because they are educated.

Which of the following items should occur first in an informative presentation?

Create information hunger.

Listening is the act of receiving sounds.

False

In which situation below should you be most careful about your language choices?

an interview for an important job

Which of the following options is NOT a reason why women are considered a co-culture in the United States?

They outnumber men.

Which of the following statements about nonverbal communication is FALSE?

Touch is the most consistently welcomed form of nonverbal communication.

Those who can adopt masculine traits as needed and feminine traits at other times are referred to as

X amorphous. X codependent. androgynous.

Proximity as a factor in human relationships refers to

X intimacy. X intensity. distance.

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of a well-functioning small group?

consensus

Strategies for improving verbal communication include all of the following EXCEPT

correcting others.

Many people who research media violence hypothesize that TV, films, and video games

desensitize viewers to violence.

To say someone is Polish is to identify his or her

ethnicity.

Which topic best illustrates the informative goal of explaining a complex issue?

how meiosis and mitosis work

Which topic best illustrates the informative goal of demonstrating how things relate in space?

how to find Jamaica among the Caribbean islands

An argument that requires an inferential leap is a(n) ________ argument.

inductive

When two people are perceived as a couple, they have entered the

integration stage.

Which communication skill do corporate managers view as most important on the job?

listening

To control the flow or pace of communication, you would use

regulators.

The specific purpose of a public presentation

summarizes what it is about the topic that the speaker expects the audience to come away with.

Problem orientation, spontaneity, and provisionalism are all examples of

supportive behaviors.

Listening without judging, validating the feelings of others, providing informative and relational messages, and maintaining confidentiality are all qualities of

supportiveness.

The uses and gratifications theory hypothesizes that people

use social media to satisfy their own needs and desires.

A social media type common on YouTube in which users share information in a video diary format is known as

vlogs.

The main point about scanning and choosing is that

we choose to pay attention to some things while ignoring others.

By the middle of the twenty-first century, it is projected that Hispanics will make up ________ of the U.S. population.

30 percent

Informal networks—for example, the company "grapevine"—are often

80-90% accurate.

Which item below is a denotative meaning of a word?

A mouse is a four-legged mammal classified as a rodent.

Which of the following is likely to be an INEFFECTIVE way to adapt to an audience?

A speaker anticipates a potentially hostile audience by changing the presentation topic.

Which of the following statements about the relationship between CMC (computer-mediated communication) and interpersonal communication is FALSE?

CMC establishes stronger friendships than does traditional face-to-face contact.

Which statement about media effects is NOT supported by research?

Children who consume great amounts of mass media have higher IQs.

Which statement about media is FALSE?

Citizen journalists are required to meet the same high ethical standards for news production as professional journalists.

Which of the following topics is the narrowest?

Crispus Attucks and the Boston Massacre

Which item is NOT an organizational feature of an informative presentation?

Define your terms.

In persuasion or social influence, the "principal of reciprocity" is useful. Which of the following best explains this principal?

Do something good for others, and they are more likely to do something good for you.

If Ivan wanted to investigate the prominent cultural markers in his new company's organizational culture, which question would he ask?

Does professional status determine the location or size of members' offices?

Which is an example of someone addressing agenda setting during the 2016 election?

Donald Trump claiming the media was reporting with a liberal bias against him.

Which of the following statements about language is FALSE?

Encoded messages are generally decoded accurately.

Which of the following is NOT a suggested approach to the use of racist language in communication?

Even if it means losing your job, you should tell your boss to quit telling racist jokes.

An organization in which all information comes from "corporate" and is disseminated among supervisors and then among the employees is using upward communication.

False

Audience members are more likely to remember your message about the events that led to the near extinction of the California condor if you use scientific terms and principles to explain.

False

Because the world is made up of such a diversity of cultures and ethnic groups, it is rare for someone to believe that her or his own culture could be superior to that of all other groups.

False

Bullying and cyberbullying are stages in relational deterioration.

False

CMC (computer-mediated communication) relationships develop more slowly than do face-to-face relationships.

False

Deceptive communication rarely causes a relationship to deteriorate.

False

Differentiation and specialization increase uncertainty in an organization.

False

Everyone likes a compliment, so you can expect that people who are described with a positive stereotype (for example, "women are such good listeners") will be flattered.

False

Extrinsic motivation is similar to immediate behavioral purpose.

False

Good advice for improving your intercultural communication is to avoid conflict at all costs.

False

Hearing and listening are essentially the same.

False

If you are trying to convince an audience to oppose the death penalty, and you are a very good public speaker, you should expect that they will likely be persuaded with a single speech.

False

If you want to improve your verbal communication, you should avoid asking the other person, "What did you mean?"

False

If you want your audience to remember the information you are providing about geopolitics, you'll do best to use many details and specific facts.

False

Imagine that you have landed in an airport and you can see a good friend in the waiting room, but behind a glass wall. You wave and you smile. These wordless messages are known as verbal communication.

False

Language that denigrates people on the basis of their gender is known as racist language.

False

Nonverbal communication does not include nonword vocalizations.

False

Nonverbal movements that express emotion are known as love signals and signs.

False

People are more likely to use social media to seek out new relationships than to maintain current relationships.

False

Speaking is a more important skill than is listening.

False

The face-to-face persuasive speeches you provide in class cannot succeed because the audience is captive.

False

The first step in an effective decision-making process is brainstorming because a group cannot make decisions without numerous ideas on the table.

False

The social function of verbal communication is the use of language to engage in critical thinking to evaluate and critique issues or ideas.

False

The two processes for interpreting messages are denotation meaning and connotation meaning.

False

When a relative is lunching with you and says, "I have to go to the little girl's room," she is using jargon.

False

You and the person you are dating have a terrible fight. You reflect on it and believe that the conflict occurred because you are both under tremendous pressure at home and at school. Because you both sincerely want this, you and the other person can decide to forget the fight and go on with your relationship as it was before.

False

You are going to speak about the roles people play in small groups. You decide to use comedy to portray each role. By doing this, you are ensuring that the audience will clearly remember each role and its functions.

False

You have had a wonderful weekend with one of your good friends. You want to repeat the experience. If you try, you can duplicate the same good time.

False

Which item below is NOT a good example for how to involve your audience?

Get audience members to reveal something very personal.

Which item below best illustrates the use of concrete language?

He had black hair, brown eyes, bronze complexion, and a pleasant smile.

Individuals sometimes need autonomy even in a close relationship. Which of the following couples is demonstrating that need?

He volunteers at the homeless shelter, and she takes weaving lessons.

Which of the following is the best example of a simile?

Her face brightened like a beacon when he complimented her.

Eleanor asks a few questions about the people at her workplace. The general consensus is that Arman is a superstar because he takes charge and makes sure he gets his way. What does this tell Eleanor about her workplace culture?

Her organization values people who push for new opportunities.

Which item below about cover letters is FALSE?

Human resources divisions, personnel departments, and selection committees rarely read cover letters because employers place the most emphasis on your performance in an interview.

What is the most significant DOWNSIDE of using social media?

Human resources professionals can use social networking sites to explore the personal lives of applicants.

Which item below does NOT apply to content in an informative presentation?

Humor can make a dull presentation more interesting, and it increases information retention.

Which of the following revelations would be considered a self-disclosure?

I've never had a boyfriend before this.

Which of the following is BAD advice for preparing your résumé?

If necessary, exaggerate your position descriptions to make them align more closely with skills needed for the new position.

Which item below is the best example of a proposition of fact?

In 2013 college student debt grew larger than credit card debt.

How does gatekeeping work in the era of modern media?

Individual social media users have a great deal of gatekeeping power.

What is a difficulty involved with using selective attention?

It is hard to keep doing it for a long time.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five characteristics of interpersonal communication?

It is repeatable.

Which statement below is an example of sexism in language?

It's okay to use man-linked words like freshman; everyone knows what you mean.

Gabrielle wants her employees to engage in small group communication to achieve an interdependent goal. Which configuration of her employees would qualify as being able to engage in small group communication?

Maurice, Tom, Linda, and Venus working together

Which of the following is a disadvantage of social media?

Messages sometimes are distributed to a broader audience than the user intended.

Which sentence below best states a specific purpose?

My audience will be able to explain three ways the Affordable Health Care for America Act benefits college students.

Which item below would be a good story to include in an experience inventory?

My most significant accomplishment was when my employer needed five temporary workers fast, and I found such good helpers that most of them still work for the company today.

Which of the following would be a sample statement of purpose for a presentation to define?

My purpose is to have my listeners be able to tell me what a prescriptive easement is and how one is established under current laws.

Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of nonverbal communication?

Nonverbal communication excludes movement.

Which of the following statements was NOT a finding of research about romantic relationships established online?

Participants report being anxious about constructing their online profiles.

Which statement about physical attractiveness is most questionable?

People high in physical attractiveness have higher intelligence.

Which of the following is characteristic of uncertainty-accepting cultures?

People tend to reject hierarchy and value flexibility.

In what region listed below are you most likely to find M-time culture?

Scandinavia

Which of the following is an example of listening?

She understood her sister's advice to stop worrying.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Territoriality most often applies to people having conversations.

Which item does NOT describe an immediate behavioral purpose for an informative presentation?

The audience will be able to understand an idea.

Which of the following is the best illustration of a prominent cultural marker?

The bosses all have offices with windows on the top floor, while the workers have windowless cubicles.

Which item below is NOT an example of how norms function in a small group?

The company requires the group to meet at 8:00 a.m. on Mondays.

Linda is a middle-aged white woman born and raised in Chicago. Imagine that you are having a conversation with Linda about cultures around the world, and she makes the following statements. Which of these statements demonstrates cultural relativism on the part of Linda?

The custom of bowing in Japan rather than shaking hands or embracing might help prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

Which item below is the best example of an organizational ritual or routine?

The organization has a weekly casual lunch get-together called "soup Wednesday."

In the list below, which represents a leadership function?

The person envisions a new method of product development a nd promotes it throughout the company.

Which item below is an example of the "foot-in-the-door" technique in persuasive speaking?

The speaker asks several times for only a show of hands from those who agree with her but later asks the audience to sign a petition.

Louise projects a chart about preventing heart disease to a group of senior citizens. The chart lists chemical equations and scientific names for cholesterol and various other substances that influence heart disease, as well as scientific explanations for how they interact. The audience does not learn as much about preventing heart disease as Louise had hoped. What mistake did Louise make in using her visual aid?

The visual aid was too complicated and detailed for her audience.

Smartphones and other types of new personal communication devices are having what sort of effect on listening skills?

They are diminishing listening skills.

A coffee advertisement claims that "Good coffee is like friendship; rich and warm and strong." The advertisers are using a simile.

True

A good friend tells you that she has to cancel an activity you were going to do together. If you are listening for her intent, you might ask why she has to cancel.

True

Although some people think of Asian people as one racial group, Asians are actually highly diverse, and there are many cultural differences between, for example, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese people.

True

Among other factors, improvements in transportation and changes in immigration patterns mean that you are likely to have people from different cultures and ethnic groups in the classes you take in college.

True

Communication affects the development of relationships, and the growth of relationships affects communicative behavior.

True

If you are going to speak about geopolitics in an informative speech, your immediate behavioral purpose might be to define terms or describe objects people, or issues.

True

If you are listening to a classroom lecture, you are most likely listening for learning.

True

If you want to reinforce your message on the effects of war, you might consider showing pictures from news sources. This would be an example of effective visual aids.

True

If you worked in a fast-food restaurant while attending high school or college, you probably experienced a high degree of differentiation and specialization of tasks.

True

Imagine that after graduation you are seeking a job with a large information technology firm. You are not sure if this firm is a good fit for you. During your visit, you notice the language that employees use and the stories they tell. This is a valuable source of information for you in evaluating the firm.

True

In part because of communication technology and the social media, intercultural communication is more important today than it was 30 years ago.

True

Listening is complicated by physical distractions, which include many kinds of noise in the environment.

True

Looked at scientifically, the concept of race is vague, as are the dividing lines between what we think of as racial categories.

True

One of your high school teachers invites you back to your high school to give a talk to the students in her economics class. Your major in econ and your excellent performance in her class are the reasons she would like to have you make some encouraging remarks to her current class. The information she has given you and your past relationship with her should help you infer how to approach the topic.

True

One strategy that may help you identify an appropriate speech topic is brainstorming.

True

One way to organize your credentials on the résumé is to list them in chronological order.

True

One way to test evidence is to determine if it is consistent with other known facts.

True

People in hiring positions prefer hiring people with communication skills training.

True

Perhaps your relational partner is looking at his phone when he says, with little emotion, "Of course, I'm listening." Your partner's nonverbal communication is acting as a contradiction.

True

Philip and Che watch the evening news together every night, and they routinely view television programs that deal with events all over the world. It is likely that they will be more sensitive than most people are to other cultures.

True

Propositions are classified as propositions of fact, value, and policy.

True

Social science research has demonstrated that people who are exposed to a great deal of media violence frequently demonstrate aggressive or violent behavior.

True

Stereotyping and prejudice often result from ignorance and lack of experience interacting with the group one views as odd, inferior, or frightening.

True

Surveying your interests is a good starting point for identifying a topic appropriate for a public speech.

True

The agreed-upon meaning of a word, the one generally found in the dictionary, is known as the denotative meaning.

True

The purpose of the cover letter is to show the relationship between your experiences and the requirements of the job.

True

The study of space and distance for communicative purposes is known as proxemics.

True

The three steps involved in listening include (1) attending or selecting, (2) scanning and choosing, and (3) listening and remembering.

True

Using bodily movement and facial expression to communicate is known as kinesics.

True

Using language to convey meaning is known as verbal communication.

True

Verbal communication includes a number of rules including rules of place.

True

When you listen with empathy, you are engaged in supportive communication.

True

When you show similarities between something that is well known to your audience (such as the economic problems of college students) and something that is relatively unknown to them (the economic problems of the homeless), you are using comparison.

True

You are going to inform an audience about the most effective way to learn a new language. Your audience is composed of people who already know other languages and who have traveled internationally. You will probably need to spend some time creating information hunger.

True

You are trying to persuade an audience that animals should not be used for research purposes. You provide horror stories about animals that were abused and died unnecessarily. The members of your audience understand the narratives, but they do not believe them. In this instance, you have provided evidence, but not proof.

True

You can learn a great deal about your college classroom audience by observing them.

True

You have a very difficult class and you are thinking about dropping it. You estimate that you currently have an F in the class. You make an appointment with the professor, who encourages you to stay in the class. She tells you that you can still earn an A, and she gives you good reasons for believing that you can. The professor, in this instance, has used persuasion to keep you enrolled in the class.

True

You learn that a classmate is a refugee from South Sudan. He is very tall, has very dark skin, and has many mannerisms that you do not understand. You are curious about him, but you feel nervous about how to approach him or what to say. One good strategy would be to examine your own attitudes and discomforts.

True

You love being around people, talking to them, and hearing what they have to say. When you go to stay with your grandmother, you can still connect with all your friends through social media, and you spend a lot of time online. Your grandmother, who is shy, has an e-mail account but would never consider having a Facebook account. She says it would make her feel too exposed. The differences between you and your grandmother illustrate the uses and gratifications theory.

True

You see a classmate at a shopping mall. When you wave to the person, she smiles and then approaches you. She shakes your hand and then embraces you. You might conclude that she feels relationally close to you.

True

You want your friend to look outside the window to see a group of students who are protesting the high cost of higher education. You say nothing, but simply point outside. This is an example of using nonverbal communication as a substitution.

True

Your audience is composed of political science majors, and you are majoring in food and nutrition. You want to talk about the benefits of organic food, so you will probably need to spend some time at the beginning of your speech creating information relevance.

True

Your evidence is considered stronger if another person would draw the same conclusion about it as you have drawn.

True

Your friend Inga reads a number of beauty magazines. The women pictured in them tend to be very slender, and they wear the latest fashions. Inga routinely complains about her weight, and she sometimes diets and exercises to excess. This is an example of the way media consumption can affect body image.

True

Which of the following is true about dressing for an interview?

Try to match the style of dress of the interviewer.

Which of the following is NOT a good recommendation about the use of language on your résumé?

Use informal language so you don't sound pretentious.

Which item below is NOT a recommended method for using visual resources effectively?

X Avoid foul-smelling, offensive, or disturbing visual resources. X Avoid dangerous or inappropriate items. Keep your visual resource up and visible throughout your presentation.

Which of the following is an example of how defensiveness can lead to relational deterioration?

X Bart is upset at how his boyfriend, Amani, lied and cheated on him. X Hector is hurt by the fact that his wife, Juana, has often accused him of being a bad father for working late so often. Louise is bothered by the way her husband, Julian, overrules her on parenting issues because he feels his psychology degree makes him the expert.

Willie is giving a speech on Stonehenge. He carries around a model of part of Stonehenge, but one of the audience members looks at the model and tries to figure out what the mathematical symbol for pi that Willie is carrying has got to do with Stonehenge. What mistake did Willie make?

X He brought in a model that was boring and the audience did not notice it. X He did not pass the model around while he was discussing it. He did not explain his visual aid because he assumed the audience would recognize it as a model of the monument.

Which of the following is NOT a good suggestion for improving your listening ability?

X Repeat back what you think the other person said. X Agree or disagree orally. Avert your eyes so you can concentrate on listening.

Logan believes that, on the whole, foreigners are unintelligent. When he meets someone with a foreign accent, he typically assumes that what they have to say is unimportant or simply incorrect and pays little attention to what that person has to say. In this situation, the barrier affecting Logan's ability to listen is

X a semantic distraction. X pseudolistening. stereotyping.

Sheldon encourages defensiveness in the people who work for him because he treats everyone else as if they are dumb compared to him. Sheldon is exhibiting

X certainty. X control. superiority.

In communication privacy management (CPM) theory, stipulations for specifically who can access a person's private information are classified as

X co-ownership rules. X permeability rules. linkage rules.

Facebook undertook a gatekeeping activity that stirred up a great deal of controversy when it

X collaborated with YouTube to provide politically biased educational video feeds. X lifted its ban on certain types of postings. influenced the news feeds of thousands of users.

Which stage of relational development features hurtful messages, deception, and aggressiveness?

X development X maintenance deterioration

Technology has affected the concept of friendship in all of the following ways EXCEPT that

X it has greatly increased the number of people regarded as "friends." X it has invited us to have "friends" whom we may never actually see in person. it has rendered friendships less satisfactory than in the past.

Which goal below would NOT be an example of an informative presentation?

X one that increases audience understanding of immunization X one that teaches the audience about evolution one that tries to convince the audience to vote for immigration reform

TV shows portraying members of certain demographic groups in roles not usually associated with them are

X perpetuating stereotypes. X disrespecting privacy. challenging norms.

Interpersonal communication has both a relationship and a(n) ________ dimension.

X repetitive X emotional content

Early opinions about CMC (computer-mediated communication) suggested that it was an impersonal and unrewarding way to develop a relationship. Joseph Walther debunked this early opinion with his

X self-fulfilling prophecy perspective. X protective-user perspective. hyperpersonal perspective.

Of these communication skills, which is used the most?

X speaking X writing listening

Companies have been known to use Facebook in all of the following ways EXCEPT

X to check you out and see if your profile is consistent with your answers in the interview. X to fire you when you make a negative crack about the company or a supervisor. to edit out negative comments others make about the company's products.

Which item below is an example of empathic listening?

You hear and show understanding of your friend's predicament.

Groups of people in a region or area who have less power and influence, for one reason or another, belong to

a co-culture.

Turn taking is most commonly exhibited in which communication situation?

a conversation

Which item below best illustrates the concept of code switching?

a navy vet who talks one way with his shipmates but quite another way when interviewing for a civilian job

The word prejudice means

a negative attitude toward a group of people just because they belong to that group.

Alexis does not believe what the presidential candidates have to say because he thinks that all politicians are liars. In this situation, the barrier affecting Alexis's ability to listen is

a personal bias.

In a persuasive speech, a complete-sentence outline is

a planning tool.

Scanning and choosing refers to

a process of taking in stimuli and choosing what to listen to and how.

All of the following are examples of noise EXCEPT

a student taking notes on important points in the lecture.

Which of the following is most deeply embedded in a person?

a value

A modern example of the language creativity function would be

acronyms and abbreviations used in texting.

What is the purpose of a speech that invites audience members to do something they have not done before?

adoption

In an argument with another person, you demonstrate your anger as you leave by kicking over a nearby chair. This form of nonverbal communication is referred to as

affect display.

"The U.S. Congress with its two competing parties is like two teams in a rope-pulling contest where they are so evenly matched that nothing much moves or occurs." This is a(n)

analogy.

What approach are you using when you define a good teacher as someone who is "not boring, not overly demanding, and not a hard grader"?

antonym

Whenever there is a conflict on her team, Minae usually gives something to the other person, often without receiving anything in return, just to please the other person and smooth things over. Minae manages conflict through

appeasement.

According to the idea of self-presentation, personal social media posts among friends

are backstage interactions.

What term is used for nonverbal codes such as tattoos and jewelry?

artifacts

Barry is promoted to a position in which he will be increasingly interacting with people from other cultures. The night before a big meeting with clients from around the world, Barry realizes he has some negative feelings about several cultures, even though he has really interacted with anyone from those cultures. What should Barry do?

assess his own beliefs so he will treat people from different cultures fairly despite his preconceived notions

Evidence is anything that helps in forming a conclusion. In contrast, proof is anything the receiver

believes.

MySpace.com, Blogger.com, Tumblr.com, WordPress.com, and LiveJournal.com are all examples of

blogs.

What name is given to a situation in which the audience likes you and your message less after the presentation than before?

boomerang effect

In a healthy interpersonal relationship,

both participants send and receive messages.

Nations high in individualism tend to feature all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

celebration of cooperation over competition.

If you adapt to your audience, you are more likely to accomplish all of the following EXCEPT

changing the audience's values in relation to the topic.

Each week Lin looks through mementos of the past that she keeps in a shoe box. This is an example of

chronemics.

During relational deterioration, the individuals in a relationship start to set new limits on what they reveal to each other. Their exchanges tend to be shallow and rare. This stage is called

circumscribing.

Which item below is NOT a recommended method for resolving conflicts in small groups?

classification

Your mother's new husband, Al, does not want her to work. Al also controls the checkbook and discourages your mother from having any close friends. She appears to go along with this because she feels she needs a man in the house. The situation between them is known as

codependency.

"The nail that sticks up gets hit by the hammer" is an expression in a(n) ________ culture.

collectivist

"Trouble talk" is a social function of communication characterized by

complaining about problems without really expecting any solution.

When Blake was a young child, he and his grandfather were involved in a boating accident. Blake's negative reaction when he hears the word boat is an example of

connotative meaning.

You persuade your audience to do something because it is very close to what they already believe and do. Which principle of persuasion does this illustrate?

consistency

The striking result of a 2016 Nielsen report on mass media use in the United States was that Americans spend more time

consuming media than they do working at their jobs.

Which of the following terms is used for the physical setting, the occasion, and the situation for communication?

context

In her speech, Alana explains that the previous CEO's leadership style was more hands-on, traditional, reserved, and strict than the new CEO's style. Alana is making use of

contrast.

The social function of language

creates and supports relationships.

The use of an array of rhetorical devices is characteristic of the ________ function of verbal communication.

creative

The likelihood that the TV program The Secret Life of the American Teenager might make teenagers avoid talking to parents and doctors truthfully about sex is an example of

cultivation effect.

A unique combination of traditions and customs that is transmitted through learning and that shapes the beliefs and behavior of the people who live within it is referred to as

culture.

All of the following are potential strategies for analyzing emerging trends among a diverse audience EXCEPT

deciding on a position to take on a topic based on what friends are saying in social media

An argument that follows the pattern of the one below is called a(n) ________ argument. All drunk drivers are dangerous.Joann is a drunk driver.Therefore, Joann is dangerous.

deductive

A general proposition applied to a specific instance or minor premise to draw a conclusion is called a(n)

deductive argument.

Jin and Naomi are good friends, but Jin evaluates every choice and every action Naomi does. Jin is a physicist and Naomi did not finish college, so he feels his advice will be helpful because of his high educational level. Jin's actions will probably lead Naomi to feel

defensive.

If medical students learn about anatomy by watching a surgeon cut up a cadaver, they are learning through

demonstration.

The boss's son graduates from college and is placed in charge of the vice presidents in the company, who together work as a small group. The boss's son is a(n) ________ leader.

designated

Gatekeeping is the process of

determining what news, information, or entertainment will reach a mass audience.

What is the purpose of a speech that invites audience members to stop doing something they regularly do?

discontinuance

You hold negative views on marijuana and other drug use, but you know that many of your classmates use drugs occasionally. If you attempt to persuade them to stop using drugs, your purpose is one of

discontinuance.

In Knapp's model of relational stages, which item below is NOT a factor in initiating?

disintegration

Which item below accurately represents the first three steps in small-group problem solving, in the correct order?

establish criteria for acceptable solutions, brainstorm, evaluate alternatives

Which of the following should April avoid if she wants to improve her intercultural communication skills?

ethnocentrism

The tendency to think that one's own culture is the best is called

ethnocentrism.

Competence, trustworthiness, and dynamism are all elements of the speaker's

ethos.

The analytical function of verbal ability is used to

evaluate ideas.

When a speaker tells you to listen carefully because her suggestions are likely to help you secure a better job, she is using

extrinsic motivation.

Which item below is NOT a form of mediated communication?

face-to-face

Nonverbal codes can be challenging to interpret for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

few people have the skills needed to interpret nonverbal codes.

Each stage in Mark Knapp's model of relationship development has ________ parts.

five

A persuasive speech can do all of the following EXCEPT

force an audience to do something against their will.

Ian creates a résumé that is structured around all of the duties he has performed in the past. Ian's résumé organization is

functional.

The emotional tone or atmosphere members create within the group is called

group climate.

Which item below is NOT a feature of ethnicity?

hair color and texture

A term that means the same as tactile communication is

haptics.

Doing something unusual to arouse an audience's curiosity is a method of creating information

hunger.

The view that CMC (computer-mediated communication) is often more rewarding than physically interacting with another person is known as

hyperpersonal perspective.

As Mia tells Rod, "I don't want to talk to you," she folds her arms across her chest. This gesture is a(n)

illustrator.

If you say, "He had a face like an abandoned mining town: pitted, grimy, and greasy," which descriptive technique are you using?

imagery

The term ________ is used to describe a feeling of psychological closeness among members of a group.

immediacy

Because listeners daydream, speakers need to say a message in more than one way by using all of the following strategies EXCEPT

implementation.

You find yourself in a culture where everyone knows where to stand, where to sit, and who starts eating first. Most likely you are in a(n) ________ culture.

implicit-rule

You join an organization on campus. You learn that the members have many traditions, rituals, and events that can be dated back to the origin of the group. This sounds like an

implicit-rule culture.

The goal of an informative speech is to

increase an audience's knowledge.

Recent changes in technology have

increased the difficulty of evaluating the truthfulness of mass media messages.

You provide half a dozen instances of bad behavior by the local police. Based on this behavior, you conclude that the police need better supervision. This is a(n)

inductive argument.

Because the students at her school all live at home and commute to classes, Mika concluded that she could best hold her classmates interest with a speech devoted to local issues. In drawing this conclusion, Mika was engaging in

inference.

The first stage of a relationship—the one that begins with your first impression of another person—is known as the

initiating stage.

When your teacher tells you that your term paper is due in three weeks, your teacher is using which function of language in communication?

instrumental

In which stage of relational development does the most self-disclosure occur?

intensifying stage

Rules of engagement refer to rules about all of the following EXCEPT

interfering with communication.

Stacia wants a leadership role at work. Her boss agrees to give her an opportunity and offers her four choices of available tasks. Which one would actually put Stacia in a leadership role?

introducing a new shipping policy that uses a different company and new packaging to ship oversized merchandise

The immediate behavioral purpose of a speech

involves audience actions during and after the speech.

The connotative meaning of a word could include all of the following EXCEPT

its dictionary definition.

An author finds this note from the textbook editor: "AU: OK to KT list at EOC?" The editor is using

jargon.

The study of body language and such nonverbal behavior is called

kinesics.

Which type of leader takes the most hands-off approach?

laissez-faire

Mentoria asks the associates at her new job if people usually e-mail each other or speak face-to-face when there is a question or an issue. Which aspect of the company's culture is Mentoria investigating?

language use and storytelling

When a toothpaste ad shows an ordinary, middle-aged male using a particular brand and claiming it is the best, the ad agency is using

lay testimony.

While following the Monroe Motivated Sequence, Trevor completes the satisfaction stage of the sequence by

laying out a logical plan to address an issue.

Which type of listening takes the least effort?

listening to your favorite singer on an iPod

The leader of the small group says, "Emily, you have been very quiet but thoughtful about this issue. Can you tell us what you think?" The leader is fulfilling which function?

maintenance

Establishing strategies for keeping a relationship together is called relational

maintenance.

The phone solicitor who gets you to give up your social security number so she can steal your identity is using

manipulation.

The ways in which different technologies have evolved to perform similar tasks is referred to as

media convergence.

Gender differences in the use of touch include all of the following EXCEPT

men touch their sons more than they do their daughters.

In order to avoid offending people, journalists are expected to

mention age, race, or ethnicity only if it is important to the story.

What kind of figurative language was the teacher using when she said, "The universe is a large pizza in which just one of the pepperonis is our galaxy surrounded by many others"?

metaphor

Focusing full attention on the speaker by paraphrasing, smiling, nodding, and providing other nonverbal indicators of conversational engagement are all part of a process known as

mindful listening.

Recent changes in business and technology mean today's college graduates will be

more likely to interact with people from other cultures at work.

As a college student who works and has a family, you have many responsibilities. Sometimes you might have to compose a grocery list while you are in class or read your textbooks while you are at work. This is known as

multitasking.

Jodi gives a persuasive speech using the Monroe Motivated Sequence. What step of the sequence is she using when she shows the audience how the speech is relevant to them?

need

The distinguishing feature of computer-mediated communication (CMC) is that it relies on

networked computer environments.

In which job is listening least likely to play an important role?

night custodian

The distance at which we converse is called

personal distance.

You are going to try to convince an audience that alternative medicine is better than traditional medicine. To do this, you would give

persuasive presentation.

All of the following are examples of media convergence EXCEPT

political commentators who hold opposite views debating an issue.

You are being interviewed for an important position. Which of the following is NOT a feature of nonverbal communication that could affect your success?

poor grammar

Another term for formal role in small-group communication is ________ role

positional

Management assigns Garland the task of monitoring the water level in the local river and reporting on the river's level at the company's weekly environmental team meeting. What type of role is Garland serving in on the environmental team?

positional

Harvey just completed a job interview that he feels went very well. Which of the following actions should he avoid taking?

posting on social media that he has the job

Showing too much certainty (a lack of openness to other solutions) can create defensiveness in others. In contrast, ________ can reduce that defensiveness.

provisionalism

The study of space and distance in nonverbal communication is called

proxemics.

When followers endorse a leader out of respect and admiration—as is the case with many religious leaders—they are responding to the leader's ________ power.

referent

Ava is very positive. She puts her best effort into everything, and she tries to help everyone. She makes people feel good when she enters the room, she is fascinating to speak to, and people go out of their way to help her succeed if she needs a hand. She usually gets what she wants at work because people are drawn to her. What type of power does Ava have?

referent power

Some people refer to their noon meal as dinner and their evening meal as supper; others have dinner at night. These are examples of what language characteristic?

regionalisms

One main purpose of visual aids is to

reinforce the verbal message.

You have two friends who have been in a relationship for a considerable time. While they once emphasized their commonalities, now they seem to be emphasizing differences. This new behavior could be the beginning of

relational deterioration.

Eight women get together on Wednesdays at noon to discuss anything they wish. This type of group is called a(n)

relationship-oriented group.

You are curious to learn if a person who lives in the same building as you cares for you. You should look for nonverbal behaviors that indicate liking, including

relaxed posture and direct eye contact.

According to a study of long-term happy marriages, which of the factors below was NOT mentioned as an element of those marriages?

religious beliefs

Which item below is the best example of an instance of long-term memory?

remembering the alphabet and multiplication tables

When a baseball umpire shouts "Out" and dramatically waves his arm, that use of nonverbal communication is called

repetition.

When you use verbal and nonverbal messages together to send the same message, you are using

repetition.

What is an appropriate response when one is being stereotyped?

respectfully confronting the speaker

Examples of the analytical function of language include all of the following EXCEPT

restating the issue in figurative language.

When you make an informative presentation, you must quickly

reveal how the presentation will meet audience needs.

Group member roles can be classified by their function. Which of the following is NOT one of the three classifications?

routine

Walking through a crowded sports event with thousands of people talking and picking up on a conversation about your favorite hobby, fishing, when someone in the crowd mentions a fishing boat is an example of

scanning and choosing.

Which social media users are most driven by personal gain?

self-centered users

The famous scholar had a speech defect that made him sound like a cartoon character, which greatly hampered his audience's ability to listen. This demonstrates how ________ can be a barrier to listening.

sights and sounds

Which of the following will likely detract from your ability to listen in the classroom?

sitting near an entrance or exit for easy coming or going

The definition "informal, casual language used among equals" refers to

slang.

Uses and gratifications theory contends that

social media use can benefit people of many varied personality types.

Which of the following is an example of asynchronous communication?

social media websites

Platforms using websites and applications that allow people to connect and interact with others worldwide through the exchange of user-generated content are collectively known as

social media.

Social media are called "boundary-crossing media" because they

span communication contexts.

What term best describes the role of the auto assembly worker whose sole job is to put on the wheel bolts and the fast-food employee whose sole task is to produce hamburgers?

specialization

The stage in relational deterioration when the relationship comes to a standstill is referred to as the

stagnation stage.

An important difference between the introduction for an informative versus a persuasive speech is the way you

state your purpose.

Five characteristics of the self that can act as barriers to listening include all of the following EXCEPT

stereotypes.

If you are hired by an organization that intentionally avoids placing employees in highly differentiated and specialized roles, you will see what it is like to work in a setting following a model of

strategic ambiguity.

The four functions of language include all of the following EXCEPT the

structural.

Instead of shouting "Stop," a traffic control officer stops a line of cars by holding up her hand. That officer is using nonverbal communication called

substitution.

A group formed specifically to find a solution to a problem is classified as being

task-oriented.

When we are uncertain about our relationship with another person, we

tend to put more trust in the person's nonverbal behavior than in his or her words.

The first element of the introduction in the outline of an informative speech is

the attention getter.

Language is

the code we use to communicate with each other.

Meaning is

the conveyed message and its interpretation by another.

All of the following are benefits of Prezi presentation software EXCEPT

the cost.

Ethos is a term from classical rhetoric that means

the reputation, authority, and integrity of the speaker.

In the context of public speaking, which of the following is warned against?

the vocalized pause

Participants in healthy relationships understand that their interpersonal communication begins with

themselves.

Media literacy refers to the ability to

think critically about mediated messages and how they influence us.

What would be the goal of the speech topic "How to change blades on a riding lawn mower"?

to demonstrate something useful

Which item below is NOT a reason cited for studying mediated communication?

to teach you how to control others through mediated messages

A transformative event that alters a relationship in some way is referred to as a(n)

turning point.

The "foot-in-the-door" or "nose-under-the-tent" technique in persuasive speaking refers to the idea of

using some small incentive to gain compliance for something larger.

You are trying to convince a group that cheating is both wrong and out of control. You are dealing with a proposition of

value.

Julie speaks more loudly than most of her friends. This is a description of Julie's

volume.

When selecting a topic for a public presentation, it is best to focus on

what you know or are willing to learn.

To say that self-disclosure tends to be reciprocal means

when you disclose something, the other person is likely to as well.

When narrowing your topic, you should keep in mind

whether the time you have for your speech is sufficient for what you will need to cover.

Which group does NOT constitute a co-cultural group in the United States?

white men

Which best illustrates an immediate behavioral purpose for an informative presentation?

After my presentation, I want my audience to be able to state one reason why they should favor single-payer insurance policies.

Which of the following is the best example of alliteration?

Alice's aunt ate apples and acorns around August.

Which item below best describes behavioral flexibility?

Although she is a tough-minded manager at work, she is a caring, gentle mother to her children.

Which scenario best illustrates the influence of commitment on topic selection?

Mario decided to make the topic of his presentation his experience volunteering as an English tutor for immigrants at a local community center.

Which item below is NOT good advice for a useful audience analysis questionnaire?

Ask several open-ended questions to make sure you understand the deep values of your audience.

Which item below is NOT good advice about interviewing?

Do your video interview in your own room so the selection committee can see your pictures and posters and get a real sense of who you are.

Because the First Amendment to the Constitution grants us the right of free speech, it is our duty to speak boldly and frankly on any topic we choose and with any audience we choose.

False

Most groups prefer laissez-faire leaders because they offer the most structure to group members.

False

Potential employers appreciate résumés in which you place yourself at the center—for example, by beginning many sentences with the personal pronoun "I."

False

Topics for speeches never age. A good topic is a good topic over time.

False

You need not include your educational credentials on your résumé; most employers are not interested in facts about your schooling.

False

You need not worry about narrowing your topic too much; better too narrow than too broad.

False

A person's first opportunity to show employers their communication skills will usually be done

in writing.

Experience and accomplishments should be mentioned in the section of a cover letter intended to achieve the reader's

interest.

An undergraduate degree in communication

is one of the top five degrees sought by employers.

During a job interview,

it is important to make eye contact with the interviewer.

Some ways to quickly generate a list of ideas for a speech include

surveying your interests and brainstorming.

Which of the following is most likely a largely captive audience?

the sales reps and other employees at an annual dinner addressed by the company CEO

"The United States needs to improve the quality of higher education" is a

thesis statement.

If you use a questionnaire in which you ask your audience to rank the importance of items such as wisdom, freedom, equality, and faith, you are assessing their

values.

When looking for job candidates, employers express the most interest in those with strong

verbal communication skills.

Speech topics have a life of their own. Some topics endure for decades while others fade fast. Which topic below is likely to have a brief life span?

which film will win the most prizes this year for quality and popularity