Community Health Exam 4
The nurse is traveling by automobile to make a home visit. Which does the nurse need? Select all that apply. A. A map that includes the geographic location where the home visit will be made B. A cellular telephone C. Exact change D. A full gas tank and well-operating vehicle E. A bus schedule
A. A map that includes the geographic location where the home visit will be made B. A cellular telephone D. A full gas tank and well-operating vehicle Feedback:A nurse who is traveling by automobile to make a home visit needs: a full gas tank and well-operating vehicle, a map that includes the geographic location where the home visit will be made, and a cellular telephone. If the nurse is not using public transportation, the nurse does not need exact change for each bus trip or a bus schedule.
A community health nurse is engaged in primary prevention activities related to disasters. The nurse would be most likely involved in which activities? Select all that apply. A. Practicing an escape plan B. Providing immediate response C. Providing anticipatory guidance D. Planning disaster drills E. Reducing the degree of disability F. Providing emergency assistance
A. Practicing an escape plan C. Providing anticipatory guidance D. Planning disaster drills Feedback:Anticipatory guidance, practicing escape plans, and planning disaster drills all constitute primary prevention activities. Providing emergency assistance and immediate response reflect secondary prevention activities. Reducing the degree of disability or damage resulting from the disaster reflects tertiary level prevention activities.
The community health nurse is working with a local community in identifying the goals and objectives of a solution for a health issue. Which factors will the nurse utilize when writing the objectives? Select all that apply. A. Realistic B. Specific C. Teachable D. Money required E. Achievable
A. Realistic B. Specific E. Achievable Feedback:The acronym SMART is a useful guideline when writing objectives: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, and Time-bound. Money required and teachable are not factors to consider when writing objectives.
The community health nurse is discussing demographic transitions. Which statement made by a student nurse demonstrates how demographic transitions occur in global health? A. "Demographic transitions are based on births, deaths, and migrations." B. "Demographic transitions focus on a high birth rate and high death rate." C. "Demographic transition is based on a low birth rate as people survived infections and aged with chronic conditions." D. "Demographic transition is based on the neighborhood and personal lifestyle behaviors."
A. "Demographic transitions are based on births, deaths, and migrations." Feedback:Demographic transitions explain population demographics by evaluating whether they are increasing or decreasing in number based on the balance between births and deaths and whether there are any migrations such as rural-to-urban. The Era of Infectious Diseases focuses on a high birth rate and high death rate. The Era of Chronic Long-Term Health Conditions is based on a low birth rate as people survived infections and aged with chronic conditions. The Era of Social Health Conditions is based on the neighborhood and personal lifestyle behaviors.
A community health nurse determines that it is time for teaching a family about health promotion activities when one member states: A. "It's time we do something about eating right." B. "Is there a place we can go for the medicine?" C. "When are you coming back to visit?" D. "Our grandchildren visit every summer."
A. "It's time we do something about eating right." Feedback:Teaching health promotion activities should begin only after family members express an interest and recognize a need, such as the statement about eating right. Asking about where to get medicine and when the nurse is coming back do not reflect an interest or need. The statement about grandchildren reflects information about the family structure and demographics.
A nurse working as part of a disaster management team is assisting with triage. The nurse assesses a victim and notes that the victim is unresponsive, has no pulse, and is not breathing. The victim also has an open skull injury with what appears to be brain matter visible in the wound. The nurse would classify this victim by which colored triage tag? A. Black B. Red C. Green D. Yellow
A. Black Feedback:The nurse would most likely classify this victim with a black tag, which corresponds to a victim who is dead or nonsalvageable. Victims in this category are obviously dead or have suffered mortal wounds because of which death is imminent (e.g., an unconscious victim with an open skull fracture with brain matter showing). Lifesaving heroics on this group of victims will only delay medical care on more viable victims. A red tag indicates urgent or critical status such that victims in this category have injuries or medical problems that will likely lead to death if not treated immediately. A yellow tag indicates delayed status, such that victims in this category have injuries that will require medical attention; however, time to medical treatment is not yet critical. A green tag indicates walking wounded, such that victims in this category have sustained minor injury or are presenting with minimal signs of illness. Prolonged delay in care most likely will not adversely affect their long-term outcome.
A community health nurse is engaged in primary disaster prevention activities in the community. Which action would the nurse most likely involved with? A. Conducting disaster drills B. Providing emergency assistance C. Assisting with early evacuation D. Implementing crisis counseling
A. Conducting disaster drills Feedback:Primary prevention involves anticipatory guidance, such as conducting disaster drills. The community health nurse has a role in these disaster drills through committee membership, organization of drills at the place of employment, or activism at the grassroots level to assist in holding community-wide disaster drills on a regular basis. Assisting with early evacuation and providing emergency assistance are aspects of secondary prevention. Implementing crisis counseling would be tertiary prevention.
The community health nurse has identified a health care issue and believes that a local coalition of various community members will be the best approach to handle the situation. Which initial step should the nurse take? A. Define goals and objectives. B. Identify potential members. C. Identify key players. D. Conduct a community assessment.
A. Define goals and objectives. Feedback:The initial step to coalition building is defining goals and objectives, followed by conducting a community assessment, identifying key players or leaders, and identifying potential coalition members.
A community health nurse is working to change the focus of the public health department from one of needs oriented to one of being a partner and recognizing the community's strengths. Which nursing priority will help assist make the transition? A. Determine available assets. B. Evaluate previous unsuccessful programs for weaknesses. C. Identify local subcultures to ensure all are represented. D. Identify barriers to communication.
A. Determine available assets. Feedback:Assets assessment begins with what is present in the community. This approach requires that the assessor look for the positive or see the glass as half full. Identifying barriers, evaluating previous programs for weaknesses, and identify local subcultures are needs oriented and conducted in response to needs, barriers, weaknesses, problems, or perceived scarcity in the community.
A community health nurse is attempting to empower a family to become independent. Which action would be most appropriate? A. Emphasize the family's strengths. B. Do for the family what they cannot. C. Focus attention on the problem areas. D. Reinforce positive traits.
A. Emphasize the family's strengths. Feedback:To help empower families, the community health nurse needs to emphasize the family's strengths. It is the nurse's job to recognize the strengths in families and to help families recognize them as well. Focusing on problem areas portrays a negative view and can undermine the nurse's efforts. Doing for the family what they cannot fosters dependency. Reinforcing positive traits may be appropriate if those positive traits are strengths. Not all positive traits are strengths.
A nurse is caring for a parent and child who are homeless. Which statement is true regarding this family? A. Families that are homeless are in crisis. B. Homeless people are incomeless. C. Children who are homeless have lower risks of behavior problems. D. The family represents the typical persons that are homeless
A. Families that are homeless are in crisis. Feedback:Nurses who care for homeless persons should have a solid understanding of the challenges affecting them. Families who are homeless are not necessarily incomeless. They may include working parents who are not making enough money to pay for housing. On average, a homeless family household consists of three people. The family is in crisis and often not able to provide for their most basic needs. When families are unable to meet these needs, they are unable to address other concerns such as medical appointments, healthy eating, exercise, and other preventative actions. Children who experience homelessness have higher risks of emotional and behavioral problems, serious health problems, school mobility, repeating a grade, being expelled or dropping out of school, and lower academic performance.
A community health nurse is conducting orientation for new nurses to the clinic. Which factor should the nurse emphasize as most important when dealing with the community? A. Interaction B. Cyclic nature C. Flexibility D. Client focus
A. Interaction Feedback:Although the nursing process is cyclical, deliberative, flexible (adaptable), client focused, and need oriented, interaction is an essential first consideration for community health nursing. All steps of the nursing process depend on interaction.
A child is referred to the school nurse to be assessed for neglect. Which assessment finding would the nurse classify as neglect? A. Lack of weight gain B. Presence of lice C. Presence of scabies D. Bruises on lower right extremity
A. Lack of weight gain Feedback:Neglect occurs when the physical, emotional, medical, or educational resources necessary for healthy growth and development are withheld or unavailable. Lack of weight gain may indicate withholding of food from the child. Presence of lice or scabies does not indicate neglect. Bruises in various stages of healing would indicate possible abuse; however, this child presented with bruises on one extremity.
A community health nurse is working as part of a team providing care during a disaster involving an explosion. The nurse is working to triage victims. Which victim would the nurse categorize as green? A. Person is conscious with numerous cuts and bruises that are superficial. B. Person is unconscious with an open skull fracture with visible brain matter. C. Person is unconscious with signs of internal and external bleeding. D. Person is conscious with a fracture of the upper arm.
A. Person is conscious with numerous cuts and bruises that are superficial. Feedback:A victim categorized as green is experiencing minor injuries and often is referred to as the walking wounded. Victims in this category have sustained minor injury or are presenting with minimal signs of illness (e.g., a conscious victim with superficial cuts, scrapes, and bruises). Prolonged delay in care most likely will not adversely affect their long-term outcome. A victim categorized as red is considered urgent or critical and has injuries or medical problems that will likely lead to death if not treated immediately. An unconscious person with signs of internal and external bleeding would fit this category. A victim categorized as yellow or delayed has injuries that will require medical attention (e.g., a conscious victim with a fractured femur); however, time to medical treatment is not yet critical. A victim categorized as black is obviously dead or has suffered mortal wounds because of which death is imminent (e.g., an unconscious victim with an open skull fracture with brain matter showing). Lifesaving heroics on this group of victims will only delay medical care on more viable victims.
When planning for a home visit, which action would be most helpful to ensure a successful home visit? A. Scheduling an appropriate visit time B. Documentation in a timely manner C. Summarizing the main visit points D. Providing incidental teaching
A. Scheduling an appropriate visit time Feedback:As part of planning, the community health nurse would contact the family to set up an appropriate time for the visit. Documenting in a timely manner ensures successful evaluation. Providing incidental teaching and summarizing the main visit points help to ensure successful implementation.
The public health department has opened a new clinic in a previously underserved area. What is the priority for the community health nurse at this clinic? A. Study current and firsthand data. B. Conduct a comprehensive survey of the health needs. C. Identify a pressing problem and pursue a solution. D. Locate the various subsystems in the community.
A. Study current and firsthand data. Feedback:A familiarization assessment is a common starting place in evaluation of a community. It involves studying data already available on a community and then gathering a certain amount of firsthand data in order to gain a working knowledge of the community. A problem-oriented assessment begins with a single problem and assesses the community in terms of that problem. It is commonly used when familiarization is not sufficient and a comprehensive assessment is too expensive. A community subsystem assessment focuses on one dimension of community life. It is a useful way for a team to conduct a more thorough community assessment. A comprehensive assessment seeks to discover all relevant community health information.
A community health nurse is conducting a program for a group of nurses who are members of their community disaster response team. After describing the nurse's role during the rescue response, the community health nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which area as an appropriate location for the nurse? A. The disaster site B. Triage C. Victim treatment area D. Local hospitals
A. The disaster site Feedback:Usually, the immediate disaster site is not the best place for the disaster nurse, who can be far more effective in triage and treatment of victims. One of the lessons of the World Trade Center bombing was that the greatest need for medical professionals was at the local hospitals, not at the disaster site.
Which principle guides and enhances family nursing practice? A. The nurse should start where the family is at the present time and not the ideal level of functioning. B. The nurse should focus on each family member individually. C. The nurse should evaluate the family based on consistency with traditional family patterns. D. The nurse should expect that the family will be normal and will not change.
A. The nurse should start where the family is at the present time and not the ideal level of functioning. Feedback:When working with families, community health nurses begin at the present time, not the ideal level of functioning. This is accomplished after the nurse views the family collectively, not individually. The nurse should expect that what is normal for one family is not necessarily normal for another and that families are constantly changing. The nurse should recognize the validity of family structure variations.
During a home visit and assessment of an infant and new mother, the nurse determines that the infant looks healthy. The mother asks several questions and listens attentively. One question she asks is whether the nurse is going to visit her again. Which response would be most appropriate? A. "Your baby looks healthy. You should not have any further questions." B. "I plan to visit again. What would you like to accomplish at the next visit." C. "The agency limits the number of visits I can make; I will let you know." D. "I can come weekly for the next 16 weeks and then a staff nurse will visit."
B. "I plan to visit again. What would you like to accomplish at the next visit." Feedback:The response about what the client wants to accomplish together represents a mutual approach, giving power to the client and hints at accomplishing things together on subsequent visits. Noting that the infant looks good and that the mother should not have further questions is closed ended and nurse focused and does not promote open communication between the client and the nurse. The option about limiting visits is inaccurate; the nurse has more control over the number of visits than this response implies, unless the visit is part of a special and very limited program. Even then, it would not be phrased this way. The final option about 16 weekly visits followed by a staff nurse sounds overwhelming and unrealistic. Very few clients receive this much service from public health agencies.
During a home visit, a client asks the community health nurse to take his or her shopping to purchase some of the food items he or she needs for his or her diet. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "Use the foods you have in the house and shop next week." B. "I'll help you find a way to get to the store." C. "I can't, I'm going in a totally different direction." D. "You need to find some other way to get to the store."
B. "I'll help you find a way to get to the store." Feedback:The nurse needs to empower the client, and helping the client find a way to get to the store promotes the skill of planning so that the client can begin to manage his or her own needs effectively. Telling the client that the nurse is going in a different direction, telling him or her to find some other way to get to the store, and telling him or her to use the foods in the house are neither therapeutic nor do they promote empowerment.
A community health nurse involved in assessing community health needs is planning to get a group of approximately 10 similar individuals together to obtain information about opinions on first pregnancies. The nurse is using which assessment method? A. Community forum B. Focus group C. Descriptive epidemiology D. Survey
B. Focus group Feedback:The nurse is using a focus group, similar to the community forum or town hall meeting in that it is designed to obtain grassroots opinion. Focus groups usually have only a small group of participants, usually 5 to 15 people, and the members chosen for the group are homogeneous with respect to specific demographic variables. A survey involves a series of questions, often to provide a broad range of data. Community forum is a qualitative method to obtain community opinions; the members typically represent all segments of the community involved with the issue. Descriptive epidemiologic studies examine the amount and distribution of a disease or health condition in a population by person, place, and time.
A nurse is teaching about the global burden of disease to peers. Which statement indicates that the teaching was effective? A. The focus of global burden of disease is to effectively assess the longevity of life years. B. Global burden of disease is impacted by health disparities. C. Analysis of the global burden of disease allows for development of effective interventions designed to address life expectancy. D. Global burden of disease was initially created to assess the World Health Organization's budget.
B. Global burden of disease is impacted by health disparities. Feedback:Global burden of disease is a calculation of health disparities, which include the disadvantages socially, economically, or environmentally. GDB data are used to generate projections of health into the future, calculating the disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Global burden of disease was not used to create the World Health Organization's budget. The WHO has been engaged to emphasize the impact of disability and death rates of different countries. The impact of public health is calculated using presumed years saved and not life expectancy or longevity of life years.
The nurse is completing an initial in-home assessment and concludes that the family needs additional outside resources to meet their needs. Which would be beneficial for the nurse to provide to the family about available resources? A. Transportation to outside resources B. Information about the eligibility requirements for resources C. Vouchers to obtain resources D. Location of a local soup kitchen
B. Information about the eligibility requirements for resources Feedback:The nurse's knowledge of other resources can mean the difference between the family having and not having access to additional services. Therefore, nurses must have information available to them about the eligibility requirements and availability of services provided by a multitude of official, voluntary, religious, and neighborhood organizations.
When a community health nurse is conducting a family assessment on an assigned family, which action would be most appropriate? A. Use quantitative data only to maintain and preserve objectivity. B. Make several visits and accumulate data from all family members. C. Use a checklist format, completing the tool in the family's presence. D. Interview one family member to avoid confusion and repeated information.
B. Make several visits and accumulate data from all family members. Feedback:Completing a family assessment takes time. It is better to keep notes from several visits with the family and observe the family as a group during some family activity. The nurse should not use obtrusive questionnaire techniques or take notes in the family's presence. Quantitative data will give a one-sided view of family data. It is best to interview all family members over time. The nurse should collect both quantitative and qualitative data, which will provide a rich family assessment.
The community health nurse is planning to travel to a developing country and will be promoting prenatal care. Which level of prevention will the nurse be implementing? A. Tertiary B. Primary C. Secondary D. Secondary and tertiary
B. Primary Feedback:This activity would be classified as a primary prevention measure that aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs. Secondary prevention aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred. Tertiary aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects.
Which action would the community health nurse to take first when planning an initial home visit to a family? A. Contact the family via telephone. B. Review the referral information. C. Obtain the basic supplies that will be needed. D. Gather appropriate educational materials.
B. Review the referral information. Feedback:The first step is to obtain the referral and review it to gather information about the possible needs of the family and the reason for the visit. Once this is done, then the nurse would obtain the basic supplies and education materials that might be needed and contact the family to arrange the visit.
The nursing instructor is discussing the concept of serving the community as the client. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the teaching when they identify which concepts are used to identify the health of a community? A. Assessment, policy development, and assurance B. Status/people, structure, and process C. Primary, secondary, and tertiary D. Function, structure, and process
B. Status/people, structure, and process Feedback:The three dimensions of the health of the community are status/people, structure, and process. Assessment, policy development, and assurance are the three core public health functions. Primary, secondary, and tertiary are the levels of prevention. Function, structure, and process are the descriptions of Human Anatomy and Physiology.
Community health nurses must recognize the unique position they hold in providing adequate health care for their clients. Which action would be a priority for the community health nurse? A. Identify which community leaders are most supportive of health care. B. Work to make healthy choices more accessible. C. Identify the needs of each client who comes through the clinic doors. D. Bring in educators to help the clients.
B. Work to make healthy choices more accessible. Feedback:Community health nurses serve as a valuable partner in identifying community health needs and connecting communities with available resources. They also serve as community educators, empower people with information to make healthy choices while working to create environments where healthy choices are more accessible and affordable. While they do strive to help each individual who comes for assistance, the main goal is to help the community as a whole. They also strive to work with all community leaders to achieve the common goal and not just a few who may be more supportive.
A community health nurse visits an 81-year-old newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic who lives alone. The nurse has visited the family three previous times and is visiting early in the morning to observe the client's insulin administration technique. The nurse finds the client depressed over his or her situation one morning. The nurse suggests that together they list positive points about his or her situation and discuss his or her feelings. The nurse is demonstrating: A. goal-directed questioning. B. strengthening. C. data collection. D. measuring family functioning.
B. strengthening. Feedback:The nurse is demonstrating a communication technique called strengthening, which is used to assist the family in becoming independent of the nurse's services. Data collection, goal-directed questioning, and measurement of family function are methods used for assessment.
After reading a journal article about disasters, a community health nurse demonstrates understanding of the article by identifying which events as examples of a natural disaster? Select all that apply. A. The 2008 shootings at Virginia Tech B. The terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001 C. Wildfires that affected California in October 2007 D. The earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011 E. The oil spill in the gulf coast in 2010 that threatened hundreds of species of wildlife
C. Wildfires that affected California in October 2007 D. The earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011 Feedback:Natural disasters are caused by natural events, such as the earthquake and tsunami in Japan in 2011 and wildfires that affected California in October 2007. Man-made disasters are those caused by human activity, such as the 2008 shootings at Virginia Tech, the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, and the oil spill in the gulf coast in 2010 that threatened hundreds of species of wildlife.
For which illness would the nurse develop a community-wide education program to decrease the rate of a leading cause of death worldwide? A. Tuberculosis B. Infectious diarrheal disease C. Acute respiratory tract infection D. Smallpox
C. Acute respiratory tract infection Feedback:The most common illness in the world and a leading cause of mortality is acute respiratory tract infection (ARI). Three million deaths annually are attributed to ARI among children younger than 5 years of age, usually from pneumonia. Tuberculosis is considered epidemic today. Smallpox has been eradicated. Infectious diarrheal disease has been reduced due to oral rehydration therapy and improvements in water and sanitation.
A community health nurse is conducting a program for a local community group about primary prevention activities associated with a terrorist attack involving biologic weapons such as smallpox and anthrax. Which activity would the nurse most likely include in the discussion as being appropriate during the preparedness phase? A. Investigating outbreaks to determine source B. Screening suspected cases C. Administering vaccines D. Treating persons who have been infected
C. Administering vaccines Feedback:Primary prevention activities that would occur in the preparedness phase of a terrorist attack involving biologic weapons like smallpox or anthrax would include administering vaccines. Investigating outbreaks to determine the source, screening suspected cases, and treating persons who have been infected would be secondary prevention activities.
When assessing a family in crisis, which action would the community health nurse need to take first? A. Define available supports. B. Determine client's perception. C. Assess the nature of the crisis. D. Assess coping abilities.
C. Assess the nature of the crisis. Feedback:Initially, the nurse must assess the nature of the crisis and the client's response to it. Next, the nurse focuses on the clients' perceptions of the event. Then, the nurse determines who is available for support to the individual or family. Finally, the nurse assesses the clients' coping abilities.
While visiting a family in their home, a community health nurse hears a parent screaming who says, "Everything you do is wrong. Can't you do anything right ever?" Which does the nurse suspect? A. Neglect B. Sexual abuse C. Emotional abuse D. Physical abuse
C. Emotional abuse Feedback:Emotional abuse involves psychological mistreatment or neglect and may involve verbal abuse such as statements like, "Everything you do is wrong. Can't you do anything right?" Neglect occurs when physical, emotional, medical, or educational resources necessary for healthy growth and development are withheld or unavailable. Sexual abuse involves acts of sexual assault or sexual exploitation of a minor. Physical abuse is intentional harm that results in pain, physical injury, or death.
A community health nurse is working as part of a disaster response team for a local community. The team expects to implement the response phase of the disaster management plan at which time? A. When no disaster is expected or anticipated B. Prior to the disastrous event C. Immediately after the onset of the disastrous event D. Long-term phase occurring after the disastrous event
C. Immediately after the onset of the disastrous event Feedback:The response phase of disaster occurs immediately after the onset of the disastrous event. During the prevention phase, no disaster is expected or anticipated. Long-term phase occurring after the disastrous event is the recovery phase. The preparedness phase occurs prior to the disastrous event and involves improving community and individual reaction and responses, so that the effects of a disaster are minimized.
A community health nurse is working with a community that is involved with improving community and individual reaction and responses, so that the effects of a disaster are minimized. This community is in which phase of disaster management? A. Response B. Prevention C. Preparedness D. Recovery
C. Preparedness Feedback:Disaster preparedness involves improving community and individual reaction and responses, so that the effects of a disaster are minimized. During the prevention phase, no disaster is expected or anticipated. The task during this phase is to identify community risk factors and to develop and implement programs to prevent disasters from occurring. The response phase begins immediately after the onset of the disastrous event. During the recovery phase, the community takes actions to repair, rebuild, or relocate damaged homes and businesses and restore health and economic vitality to the community.
A community health nurse assesses a child during a home visit. Which would lead the nurse to suspect that the child is a victim of sexual abuse? A. Burns on the hands and feet B. Bruising of the arms and back C. Reports of pain on urination D. Evidence of numerous dental caries
C. Reports of pain on urination Feedback:A sign of sexual abuse would be complaints of pain on urination or defecation. Bruising on the arms and back and burns on the hands and feet would suggest physical abuse. Numerous dental caries may suggest neglect.
A group of community health nurses are evaluating the community to determine which issues should be addressed. As the group complete various assessments, they recognize that an assets assessment will be important to evaluate which factor of the community? A. Specific problem of the community B. Key informants C. Strengths of the community D. Overall life of the community
C. Strengths of the community Feedback:An assets assessment focuses on the strengths and capacities of a community rather than its problems. Key informants are important sources of information with a comprehensive assessment. Information about a specific health problem is gathered during a problem-oriented assessment. Information about an overall view of the community and its life is gathered with a familiarization or windshield survey.
A community health nurse working as a part of a disaster response team is told that the disaster is classified as a multiple-casualty incident. Which interpretation by the nurse would be most accurate? A. Casualties number over 100. B. There is more than 1 but less than 10 casualties. C. The number of casualties is between 2 and 100. D. There are too many casualties to count.
C. The number of casualties is between 2 and 100. Feedback:If casualties number more than 2 people but fewer than 100, the disaster is characterized as a multiple-casualty incident. A mass-casualty incident involves 100 or more casualties.
When discussing elder abuse with a senior citizen group, which would the community health nurse include? A. The majority of cases of elder abuse are perpetrated by persons unknown to the victim. B. Elders with dementia are less likely to be abused since they have less social interactions. C. Types of elder abuse include physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and exploitation. D. Older men experienced abuse at a higher rate than older women.
C. Types of elder abuse include physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Feedback:Types of elder abuse include physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Older women experienced abuse at a higher rate than older men. The perpetrators of elder abuse may be either known or unknown to the elder. Some elders are especially vulnerable to elder abuse.
A community health nurse is working with a group of people who experienced a tornado and have been forced to leave their homes to escape the effects of a disaster. The nurse assists them in relocating to a shelter in a nearby community based on the understanding that these individuals are considered: A. casualties. B. refugees. C. displaced persons. D. indirect victims.
C. displaced persons. Feedback:Displaced persons are those who have been forced to leave their homes to escape the effects of a disaster. Usually displacement is a temporary condition and involves movement within the person's own country. Indirect victims are the relatives and friends of direct victims. Refugees are direct victims who are forced to leave their homeland, usually due to war, religious persecution, or political turmoil. A casualty is a human being who is injured or killed by or as a direct result of an accident.
A community health nurse is collecting data about the local community concerning a recognized health issues. Understanding there are various sources for the information, the nurse chooses to start with a primary source that would involve which entity? A. State health department B. World Health Organization C. Other community health nurses D. Community members
D. Community members Feedback:Primary sources of information include community members, including formal leaders, informal leaders, and community members and can frequently offer the most accurate insights and comprehensive information. Information gathered by talking to people provides primary data, because the data are obtained directly from the community. The World Health Organization is an international source of information. State health department is a state source of data. Other community health nurses as well as health team members, client records, community health (vital) statistics, census bureau data, reference books, and research reports are secondary sources of information.
Which would a community health nurse use when conducting an outcome evaluation? A. Organization B. Performance C. Timing D. Family progress
D. Family progress Feedback:Outcome evaluation involves determining the change in the family's health status or progress. Organization and timing are components of the structure-process evaluation. Performance is part of self-evaluation.
A community health nurse is part of a disaster response team that is first to respond to an earthquake. The team evaluates the level of destruction and devastation at the scene, reporting this information to the person in charge as which finding? A. Casualty B. Scope C. Range of effect D. Intensity
D. Intensity Feedback:The intensity of a disaster is the level of destruction and devastation it causes. The scope of a disaster is the range of its effect, either geographically or in terms of the number of victims. Casualty refers to the human being(s) injured or killed by or as a direct result of an accident.
A community health nurse is working with a community to develop a program for disaster management. The community is currently working on identifying factors in the community placing it at risk. This community is in which phase of disaster management? A. Response B. Recovery C. Preparedness D. Prevention
D. Prevention Feedback:During the prevention phase, no disaster is expected or anticipated. The task during this phase is to identify community risk factors and to develop and implement programs to prevent disasters from occurring. Disaster preparedness involves improving community and individual reaction and responses, so that the effects of a disaster are minimized. The response phase begins immediately after the onset of the disastrous event. During the recovery phase, the community takes actions to repair, rebuild, or relocate damaged homes and businesses and restore health and economic vitality to the community.
Which statement about primary prevention for family violence is most accurate? A. It is not possible for the community health nurse to foster healthful practices that will counteract unhealthful influences. B. Persons who have been victims of family violence will repeat the behavior with others. C. The cycle of violence within the family cannot be interrupted. D. Primary prevention includes planned activities undertaken by the nurse to prevent an unwanted event from occurring.
D. Primary prevention includes planned activities undertaken by the nurse to prevent an unwanted event from occurring. Feedback:Primary prevention includes planned activities undertaken by the nurse to prevent an unwanted event from occurring. The cycle of violence within the family can be interrupted, and persons who have been victims of family violence can learn to use more appropriate coping strategies. It is possible for the community health nurse to foster healthful practices that will counteract unhealthful influences.
Nursing students in a community health nursing course identified toxic waste disposal to be a major problem in their community. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the appropriate approach to handle the situation by conducting which type of assessment? A. Community subsystem B. Comprehensive C. Familiarization D. Problem oriented
D. Problem oriented Feedback:The problem-oriented assessment is commonly used when familiarization is not sufficient, a comprehensive assessment is too expensive and not needed, and a subsystem assessment is too narrow to determine the extent of the problem.
A group of student nurses are discussing various resources that are available to assist in collecting and evaluating data. The instructor recognizes that the students understand the discussion when they identify which source as the most significant for providing data for the local level? A. CDC B. NIH C. Local nonofficial agencies D. State health department
D. State health department Feedback:For nurses, the most significant state source of assessment data comes from the state health department. This official agency is responsible for collecting state vital statistics and morbidity data. The CDC collects information on a national level. The NIH focuses on improving the health of the nation. Nonofficial agencies have data sources generated from research they conduct that focuses on the population, disease, or condition they were developed to serve.
When providing teaching, which statement about tuberculosis (TB) is the most accurate for the nurse to include? A. TB affects those in developed countries. B. TB is not endemic in any countries at present. C. TB will be eradicated by the current campaign by 2030. D. TB has a multidrug resistance, which impacts controlling the problem.
D. TB has a multidrug resistance, which impacts controlling the problem. Feedback:TB is an infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus and has been commonly referred to as consumption. Overtime, TB has become resistant to the medications used to stop it. TB is a worldwide chronic endemic disease that disproportionately affects poor people in the world and not developed countries but underdeveloped countries. There is a movement to eradicate TB by 2030, but the drug resistance may reverse progress made with the current campaign.
A community health nurse suspects Munchausen's syndrome by proxy when a child: A. has a noticeable limp when wearing shoes but not in bare feet. B. has periods of "acting out" and misbehaving, especially when there is company. C. has stunted growth and shortened limbs that have been noticeable since birth. D. experiences seizures only when a parent is present, not if a third party is present.
D. experiences seizures only when a parent is present, not if a third party is present. Feedback:Experiencing seizures only when a parent is present would be a "red flag" for this syndrome if it were occurring in a child. Stunted growth, limp, or acting out are not associated with Munchausen's syndrome by proxy.
