Comprehensive Stress Management- Chapter 1, 2, 3, 11

Neropinephrine

A cachetolamine secreted by the adrenal medulla

Cerebral Hemorrhage

A rupture of blood vessel in the brain

Hydrochloric acid

A substance found in the digestive system that helps break down food for digestion

Thyroid gland

An endocrine gland that secretes the hormone thyroxin

LeShan

Cancer

Atherosclerosis

Clogging of the coronary arteries

Endocrine system

Comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions

Friedman and Rosenman

Coronary Heart Disease

Plaque:

Debris that clogs the coronary arteries

Myocardial infarction:

When a part of the heart dies because of a lack of oxygen

Progressive relaxation

a relaxation technique that involves contracting and relaxing muscle groups throughout the body

Vogt, Schultz, Luthe

autogenic training

distress

bad things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction

Budzynski

biofeedback for relief from headaches

Epinephrine

A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla

Antigens:

A foreign substance irritating the body

Vasopressin

A hormone secret by the pituitary gland

Oxytocin

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland

Apoplexy

A lack of oxygen to the brain resulting from a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel, also called stroke

Reticular Activating System

A network of nerves that conncect the mind and the body

Psychogenic:

A physical disease caused by emotional stress without a microorganism involved

Autoimmune response

A physiological response in which the body turns on itself

autogenic training

A relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth and tingling in the limbs

Relaxation Response

A series of bodily changes that reverse the effects of the stress reaction

B cells

A type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies

Phagocytes:

A type of white blood cell whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Activate the adrenal cortex to secret corticoid hormones

Neuromuscular Relaxation

Anoter term for progressive relaxation

Carcinogens

Cancer causing agents

Memory T and B cells

Cells left in the bloodstream and the lymphatic system to recognize and respond to future attacks to the body by the same invader

Autonomic Nervous System

Control such body processes as hormone, balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels

Lazarus, De longis

Daily hassles

Hypothalamus

Part of the diencephalon that activates the autonomic nervous dystem

Thalamus

Part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex

Large Intestine

Part of the digestive system that receives unusable food substances from the small intestine

Cerebellum

Part of the subcortex responsible for coordination

Pons

Part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep

Diencephalon

Part of the subcortex responsible for regulation of emotions

Medulla oblongata

Part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of the heartbeat and breathing

Hot reactors

People who react to stress with an all out physical reaction

Limbic system

Produces emotions, the seat of emotions

Mineralocorticoids

Regulate the balance between sodium and potassium

Glucocorticoids

Regulates metabolism of glucose

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)

Released by hyoothalamus and result in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormones

Thyritropic hormone releasing factor

Released by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone

Holmes and Rahe

Significant life changes

Stressor

Something with the potential to cause a stress reaction

Thyrotropic hormone

Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin

Saliva

Substance in the mouth that start to break down food

Antibodies:

Substances produced by the body to fight antigens

Preattack:

Synonym with prodrome

Psychophysiological:

Synonym with psychosomatic

High-density lipoprotein

Term bad cholesterol, too much HDL leads to clogging of the arteries therefore related to the development of coronary heart disease

Gastrointestinal system (GI)

The body system responsible for digestion

Stress

The combination of a stressor, stress reactivity and strain

Prodrome:

The constriction phase of a migraine headache, also called preattack

allostatic load

The cumulative biological wear and tear that results from responses to stress that seek to maintain body equillibrium

Galvanic skin response (GSR)

The electrodermal response or the electrical conductance of the skin

Anal opening

The exit point for unusable food substances

Esophagus

The food pipe

Adrenal Medulla

The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secrets catecholamines

Subcortex

The lower part of the brain responsible for various physilogical process necessary to stay alive

Adrenal Cortex

The part of the adrenal gland that secrets corticoids

Hippocampus

The part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" that stress is present

Diastolic blood pressure

The pressure of the blood against the arterial walls when heart is relaxed

Cortisol

The primary glucocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood glucose

Aldosterone

The primary mineralocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood pressure

Psychoneuroimmunology:

The study of the illness-causing and healing effects of the mind on the body

Cerebral Cortex

The upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions

Bracing

Unnecessary muscle tension

Simonton

Visualization in treatment of cancer

gray matter

cerebral cortex

Psychosomatic:

condition that have both mind and body component

bracing

contraction of muscles for no obvious purpose

eustress

good things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction

Small Intestine

part of the digestive system into which the esophagus empties

JAcobson

progressive relaxation (neuromuscular relaxation)

Benson

relaxation techniques to treat high blood pressure and relaxation response

Low-density lipoprotein

term good cholesterol, LDL helps to remove cholesterol from the body thereby lowering the chances of developing coronary heart disease

fight-or-flight reponse

the body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol

Strain

the physical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes for stress reactivity

Gluconeogenesis

the production of glucose from amino acids by the liver

general adaptation syndrome

the three stages described by Hans Selye: Alarm Reaction, Stage Resistance, Stage of Exhaustion

Parasympathetic nervous system

Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy

Sympathetic Nervous System

Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for expending energy

Engel

Ulcerative coliditis

Wolf and Wolff

headaches

Hans Selye

General Adaptation Syndrome: Alarm Reaction, Stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion

Overholser

Insufficient social support to respond effectively

Wolf

Digestive function

Walter Cannon

Discovered fight or flight response

Harold Wolff

Emotional Stress in Japanese vs. German war

Hardiness Theory

Emphasis on one's attitude rather than number of events

Hypecholestrolemia

High level of cholesterol in the blood

Essential hypertension

Hypertension with no known cause

A.T.W Simeons

Importance of symbolic stressor and their possible relationship to psychosomatic disease

Arteriosclerosis

Loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries

Skeletal Muscle

Muscles attached to bones

Smooth Muscles

Muscles that control the contraction of internal organs