Concepts in Intelligent Testing vocab and practice

construct validity

Validity that refers to how well a test measures the specific construct it is intended to measure.

content validity

Validity that refers to how well test content represents the area it is intended to represent.

A personality test measures mental ability.

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A test score that places an individual in the 23rd percentile indicates that 23% of people scored higher than the individual on that specific measure.

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When a test is standardized, it means that specific test questions measuring similar components will vary among students.

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Describe the difference between a mental ability test and a personality test.

A mental ability test measures acquired knowledge or learning potential and often has a right or wrong answer. In contrast, a personality test measures personal values, motives, interests, or attitudes and often does not have a right or wrong answer.

test-retest reliability

A method for determining the reliability of a test by comparing a test taker's scores on separate attempts of the same test.

transformed score

A score that has been changed from a raw score in order to provide a meaningful comparison to other scores.

Compare and contrast an aptitude test with an achievement test.

Aptitude tests and achievement tests both measure intelligence and specific types of mental ability. However, though it can measure some knowledge indirectly, an aptitude test is designed to mostly measure learning potential in specific areas such as abstract reasoning, verbal reasoning, and numerical ability, whereas an achievement test is designed to measure previous learning and assess an individual's mastery and knowledge of different subjects.

Describe the difference between content validity, criterion-related validity, and construct validity.

Content validity is the degree to which the content of a test reflects the domain or subject that it is meant to represent. A test must possess questions relevant to the content in order to have good content validity. Criterion-related validity is assessed when a test is used to make predictions about behavior. It is also the degree to which a score on one trait or construct correlates to another aspect that is similar, which serves as a criterion. A strong positive correlation between two related constructs or concepts indicates good criterion-related validity. Construct validity is the degree to which an assessment accurately measures a construct or an abstract concept, such as creativity or intelligence. Construct validity is determined by observing whether or not there is a consistent positive or negative correlation among constructs that are normally thought to be connected to the construct being assessed.

reliability

The ability of a test to give the consistent results across applications.

validity

The ability of a test to measure what it is designed to measure.

mental age

The level of intellectual functioning a measured by an intelligence test.

intelligence quotient

The ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100.

How do test reliability and test validity differ?

The reliability of a test is its ability to yield consistent results time after time. Test validity is its ability to measure what it is supposed to measure.

A personality test may measure all of the following except ___________. A. motives B. attitudes C. verbal skills D. interests

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A measurement based on whether an intelligent assessment gives highly similar scores every time it is used.

reliability