concepts3exam1

A male patient is taking sildenafil. Which health problem would the nurse expect in the patient?

. Erectile dysfunction

For what health problem would a patient of African American heritage most likely have genetic carrier testing? A) Meckels diverticulum B) Sickle cell anemia C) Huntington disease D) Rubella

B) Sickle cell anemia

A child uses 2- to 4-word sentences. The nurse interprets this data as expected development for a child the age of A. 2 months .B. 1 year. C. 2 years. D. 3 years.

C. 2 years.

A 73-year-old male patient is in the clinic for a yearly physical and is asking for a prescription for sildenafil (Viagra). He has listed on his health history that he is taking a nitrate for angina. The nurse is aware that which problem may occur if sildenafil is taken with a nitrate?

b. Significant decrease in blood pressure

Which daily dose of finasteride is prescribed for an adult patient who is being treated for androgenetic alopecia?

1. 1 mg by mouth

What is a primary prevention tool used for colon cancer screening? a. Abdominal x-rays b. Blood, urea, and nitrogen (BUN) testing c. Serum electrolytes d. Occult blood testing

d. Occult blood testing

A patient with heart disease asks the nurse if medications for heart disease can cause erectile dysfunction. Which drugs can cause erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply .1 Illicit drugs 2 Antidiabetics 3 Diuretic agents 4 Antiplatelet drugs 5 Antihypertensives

.1 Illicit drugs 3 Diuretic agents 5 Antihypertensives

Why is a family history important? 1It helps determine potential organ donation 2It helps the nurse determine power of attorney .3It may point to risk factors for genetic disease. 4It helps to identify survivors if a patient passes away.

.3It may point to risk factors for genetic disease

A 45-year-old man has just been diagnosed with Huntington disease. He and his wife are concerned about their four children. What will the nurse understand about the children's possibility of inheriting the gene for the disease? A) Each child will have a 25% chance of inheriting the disease .B) Each child will have a 50% chance of inheriting the disease. C) Each child will have a 75% chance of inheriting the disease. D) Each child will have no chance of inheriting the disease.

.B) Each child will have a 50% chance of inheriting the disease.

The health care provider prescribes finasteride (Proscar) for a patient who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). When teaching the patient about the drug, the nurse informs him that a. he should change position from lying to standing slowly to avoid dizziness .b. his interest in sexual activity may decrease while he is taking the medication. c. improvement in the obstructive symptoms should occur within about 2 weeks .d. he will need to monitor his blood pressure frequently to assess for hypertension.

.b. his interest in sexual activity may decrease while he is taking the medication.

A 53-yr-old patient is scheduled for an annual physical examination. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about the purpose of a. urinalysis collection. b. uroflowmetry studies .c. prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing .d. transrectal ultrasound scanning (TRUS).

.c. prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing

A middle-aged patient is diagnosed with erectile dysfunction. Which associated conditions might the nurse find in the patient? Select all that apply. 1 Diabetes 2 Hypertension 3 Anorexia 4 Hyperlipidemia 5 Hyperthyroidism

1 Diabetes 2 Hypertension 4 Hyperlipidemia

The nurse is caring for a patient who presents with deep vein thrombosis in the leg. The genetic analysis reports of the patient reveal CYP2C9*3 alleles in cytochrome p450 gene. Which nursing action is accurate in this situation? 1Administering a low dose of warfarin to the patient 2Refraining from elevating the affected leg of the patient 3Administering ibuprofen along with warfarin to the patient 4Instructing the patient to refrain from wearing antiembolic stockings

1Administering a low dose of warfarin to the patient

Nurses are required to have a basic understanding related to genetics. Which intervention is appropriate for the nurse? 1Obtain a family history .2Suggest genetic counseling .3Develop a genetic testing policy. 4Provide options for genetic testing.

1Obtain a family history

To explain the concept of autosomal recessive inheritance, a nurse is using the example of two parents with two recessive genes each for six toes. What is the chance that this couple will have a child with six toes? A) 25% B) 50% C) 75% D) 100%

25%

Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disease. Both parents have been identified as heterozygous. There is a _______% chance that their offspring will be affected

25% affected

The nurse is teaching health promotion to a patient who has a family history of breast cancer. Which statement from the patient indicates effective learning? 1"I should have counseling." 2"I should undergo preventive medical therapy." 3"I should undergo a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray test." 4"I should undergo a genetic test to determine my risk of breast cancer."

4"I should undergo a genetic test to determine my risk of breast cancer."

Which drug prescription does the nurse report to the primary health care provider if the patient is taking tadalafil?

4. Nitroglycerin

When a father has Huntington's disease with a heterozygous genotype, the nurse uses the Punnett square to illustrate the inheritance patterns and the probability of transmission of the autosomal dominant disease. The mother does not carry the Huntington's disease gene. What % chance that offspring will be unaffected? What % chance of offspring will be affected?

50% will be unaffected50% will be affected

Genetic testing reveals that an African American man and woman who are engaged to be married are both carriers of the gene that causes sickle cell disease. When planning this couples follow-upcounseling, the nurse should recognize what implication of this assessment finding? A) There is a 25% chance that a child of the couple would have sickle cell disease. B) The man and woman each have an increased risk of developing sickle cell disease later in life. C) There is 50% risk of sickle cell disease for each of the couples children. D) Their childrens risk of sickle cell disease will depend on a combination of genetics and lifestyle factors

A) There is a 25% chance that a child of the couple would have sickle cell disease.

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used in screening for prostate cancer. Which statement is true regarding this test? A. The PSA test can be used to monitor the disease after prostate cancer treatment. B. PSA levels less than 7.5 ng/mL may be considered normal. C. Elevated PSA levels are diagnostic for prostate cancer. D. Younger men, particularly African Americans, often have a higher normal PSA.

A. The PSA test can be used to monitor the disease after prostate cancer treatment.

A nurse is working with a young adult patient who underwent genetic testing that revealed her high risk for developing Huntington disease later in life. The patient is deeply concerned about how this may affect her future prospects for obtaining and maintaining adequate health insurance. In response, the nurse has referred to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). According to this legislation, insurers may use genetics testing as a justification for what action? A) Denying the patient health insurance B) Charging the patient higher insurance premiums C) Requiring the patient to enroll in Medicaid D) Requiring the patient to carry out a health promotion plan

B) Charging the patient higher insurance premiums

Genetics-related health care is a component of holistic nursing practice. What action should a nurse who practices in the area of genetics prioritize? A) Teaching families about the different patterns of inheritance B) Gathering relevant family and medical history information C) Providing advice on termination of pregnancy D) Discouraging females from conceiving after the age of 40 years

B) Gathering relevant family and medical history information

Regardless of the setting in which they provide care, nurses are expected to know how to use the first genetic test. What is this foundational genetic test? A) The developmental assessment B) The family history C) The physical assessment D) The psychosocial assessment

B) The family history

A nurse is participating in the assessment portion of a couples genetic screening and testing. Early in the assessment of the couples family history, the nurse learns that the husbands father and the wifes father are brothers. The nurse recognizes that this greatly increases the couples risk of what health problems? A) Diseases that have a multifactorial pattern of inheritance B)Diseases with autosomal recessive inheritance C) Autosomal dominant disease D) X-linked diseases

B)Diseases with autosomal recessive inheritance

A client with possible prostate cancer has a transrectal ultrasound and needle biopsy. The next day, which client statement is of greatest concern to the nurse? A. "I am really worried about the test results." B. "I feel like I have a fever and my back aches. "C. "I had some bright-red spotting after the procedure." D. "I haven't had a bowel movement since the biopsy."

B. "I feel like I have a fever and my back aches.

A patient who reports difficulty passing urine is prescribed finasteride by the primary health care provider. Which condition would the nurse suspect to have caused difficulty in urination?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A woman has come to the clinic for her first prenatal visit after becoming pregnant for the first time. She asks the nurse about age guidelines for genetic counseling and prenatal testing. The nurse informs the patient that genetic counseling and prenatal testing should be performed for all pregnant women in which age group? A) 18 to 21 B) 40 and older C) 35 and older D) 18 and under

C) 35 and older

While the nurse is taking the patients history, the patient tells the nurse she is trying to get pregnant and she is very fearful she will have another miscarriage. She states she has lost two pregnancies and she shares with the nurse that she does not know why she lost the babies. Based on this patients history, what recommendation should the nurse make at the present time? A) Instruct her to continue to try to get pregnant B) Let the patient know that her loss may not occur again C) Encourage her explore the possibility of chromosome testing studies D) Instruct her to have an amniocentesis with the next pregnancy

C) Encourage her explore the possibility of chromosome testing studies

A 40-year-old man who has been separated from his father since early childhood tells the nurse that his father recently contacted him to inform him that he is dying of Huntington disease. What is an essential component of care for this patient? A)Assist the patient in determining signs of neuromuscular weakness B)Instruct the man on treatment options for Huntington disease C)Teach the man how to avoid passing Huntington disease to his own children D)Provide genetic counseling, evaluation, and testing for the disease

C)Teach the man how to avoid passing Huntington disease to his own children

Which of the following statements made by a mother would raise concerns about a developmental delay? A. "My 3-month-old raises her head and chest when lying down." B. "My 7-month-old transfers blocks from one hand to the other." C. "My 7-month-old never seems to smile." D. "My 1-year-old seems shy or anxious with strangers."

C. "My 7-month-old never seems to smile."

The mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse about her child's cognitive development. The best response of the nurse is that her child A. Is beginning to think intuitively. B. Is using magical thinking. C. Can solve concrete problems. D. Is using abstract thinking.

C. Can solve concrete problems.

A student nurse demonstrates effective understanding of health disparities when stating that which disparity is the most significant contributing factor to poor quality of care? A. Language barrier B. Lack of transportation C. Lack of health insurance D. Provider-patient communication

C. Lack of health insurance

A couple wants to start a family and they are concerned that their child will be at risk for cystic fibrosis because they each have a cousin with cystic fibrosis. What should the nurse practitioner tell them about cystic fibrosis? A. It is an autosomal dominant disorder. B. It is passed by mitochondrial inheritance. c. It is an X-linked inherited disorder. D. It is an autosomal recessive disorder

D. It is an autosomal recessive disorder

An exemplar of a social/emotional developmental delay is A. Developmental dyspraxia .B. Fragile X syndrome. C. Mental retardation. D. Separation anxiety disorder.

D. Separation anxiety disorder.

The geriatric nurse practitioner preparing to assess an 84-year-old whose daughter is concerned about her ability to live alone would complete a A. Developmental assessment .B. Functional assessment. C. Life experiences survey. D. Recent life changes questionnaire.

Functional assessment

The nurse is administering oxytocin (Pitocin). Which situation is an indication for the use of oxytocin?

Stimulation of contractions during labor

The nurse would inform a male patient about which potential type of cancer associated with testosterone therapy

Prostate cancer

A 68-year-old client has recently undergone a prostate biopsy. Which symptom would indicate immediate referral to the health care provider? A. Slight rectal bleeding B. Small amount of blood in the toilet after urinating C. Mild pain and soreness at the site D. Temperature of 101.6° F (38.7° C)

Temperature of 101.6° F (38.7° C)

general responsibilities of the nurse regarding genetics may include which of these activities? (select all that apply) a) assessing the patient's personal and family history b) referring the patient to a genetic counselor or other genetics specialist c) communicating the results of genetic tests to the patient and patient's family d) maintaining privacy and confidentiality during the testing process e) answering questions about genetic test results

a) assessing the patient's personal and family history b) referring the patient to a genetic counselor or other genetics specialist d) maintaining privacy and confidentiality during the testing process

A patient with urinary obstruction from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tells the nurse, "My symptoms are much worse this week." Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. "Have you taken any over-the-counter (OTC) medications recently?" b. "I will talk to the doctor about a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test. "c. "Have you talked to the doctor about surgery such as transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?" d. "The prostate gland changes in size from day to day, and this may be making your symptoms worse."

a. "Have you taken any over-the-counter (OTC) medications recently?"

A couple lost a second baby to miscarriage. They are both considering having genetic testing done before trying to get pregnant again. What should the nurse include when teaching about genetic testing? a. A particular genetic test will tell them if there is a specific genetic change b. The test results will identify the diseases their children will inherit from them c. Genetic testing will determine if they are predisposed to developing a genetic disease d. Genetic testing kits that are available on the internet are just as good and less costly than going to a genetic counselor

a. A particular genetic test will tell them if there is a specific genetic change

Common causes of genetic mutations include (select all that apply) a. DNA damage from toxins. b. DNA damage from UV radiation. c. inheritance of altered genes from father. d. inheritance of altered genes from mother. e. inheritance of somatic mutations from either parent

a. DNA damage from toxins. b. DNA damage from UV radiation. c. inheritance of altered genes from father. d. inheritance of altered genes from mother.

If a person tests positive for a genetic mutation, it means (select all that apply) a. that the laboratory found an alteration in a gene. b. that the person is predisposed to develop a genetic disease. c. that the person will develop the disease at some point in time. d. there is the possibility that other family members may also be at risk. e. that the person should not have any children or any additional children.

a. that the laboratory found an alteration in a gene. d. there is the possibility that other family members may also be at risk.

the nurse in the clinic notes elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in the laboratory results of these patients. Which patient's PSA result is not expected to be elevated? a. A 38-yr-old patient who is being treated for acute prostatitis b. A 48-yr-old patient whose father died of metastatic prostate cancer c. A 52-yr-old patient who goes on long bicycle rides every weekend d. A 75-yr-old patient who uses saw palmetto to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

b. A 48-yr-old patient whose father died of metastatic prostate cancer

A patient who was admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain is diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy. The patient begins to cry and asks the nurse to leave her alone to grieve. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Stay with the patient and encourage her to discuss her feelings. b. Explain the reason for taking vital signs every 15 to 30 minutes .c. Close the door to the patient's room and minimize disturbances. d. Provide teaching about options for termination of the pregnancy.

b. Explain the reason for taking vital signs every 15 to 30 minutes

A patient who has benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with urinary retention is admitted to the hospital with elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Which prescribed therapy should the nurse implement first? a. Infuse normal saline at 50 mL/hr. b. Insert a urinary retention catheter .c. Draw blood for a complete blood count. d. Schedule pelvic magnetic resonance imaging

b. Insert a urinary retention catheter

During the administration of finasteride (Proscar), the nurse must remember which important precaution?

b. It must not be handled by pregnant women.

a patient is receiving finasteride (Proscar) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse will tell him that a possible effect of this medication is:

b. increased hair growth.

A patient tells the nurse that he decided to seek treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) because his wife "is losing patience with the situation." The nurse's follow-up questions should focus on the man's identified concern with a. low self-esteem. b. role performance. c. increased anxiety. d. infrequent intercourse.

b. role performance.

The nurse is providing teaching for a patient who is to receive estrogen replacement therapy. Which statement is correct to include in the teaching session?

c. "Be sure to report any weight gain of 5 pounds or more per week."

The nurse has just received change-of-shift report about the following four patients. Which patient should be assessed first? a. A patient with a cervical radium implant in place who is crying in her room b. A patient who is complaining of 5/10 pain after an abdominal hysterectomy c. A patient with a possible ectopic pregnancy who is complaining of shoulder pain d. A patient in the fifteenth week of gestation who has uterine cramping and spotting

c. A patient with a possible ectopic pregnancy who is complaining of shoulder pain

A patient is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) to induce labor. During administration of this medication, the nurse will also implement which action?

c. Administering the medication with an IV infusion pump

A patient who has been recently diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tells the nurse that he does not want to have a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) because it might affect his ability to have sexual intercourse. Which action should the nurse take? a. Discuss alternative methods of sexual expression. b. Teach about medication for erectile dysfunction (ED). c. Clarify that TURP does not commonly affect erection. d. Offer reassurance that fertility is not affected by TURP.

c. Clarify that TURP does not commonly affect erection.

To determine the severity of the symptoms for a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the nurse will ask the patient about a. blood in the urine. b. lower back or hip pain .c. force of urinary stream. d. erectile dysfunction (ED).

c. force of urinary stream.

A father who has an X-linked recessive disorder and a wife with a normal genotype will a. pass the carrier state to his male children .b. pass the carrier state to all of his children. c. pass the carrier state to his female children. d. not pass on the genetic mutation to any of his children.

c. pass the carrier state to his female children.

The nurse recognizes that use of estrogen drugs is contraindicated in which patient?

d. A woman with a history of thrombophlebitis

Which information about continuous bladder irrigation will the nurse teach to a patient who is being admitted for a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)? a. Bladder irrigation decreases the risk of postoperative bleeding b. Hydration and urine output are maintained by bladder irrigation. c. Antibiotics are infused continuously through the bladder irrigation. d. Bladder irrigation prevents obstruction of the catheter after surgery.

d. Bladder irrigation prevents obstruction of the catheter after surgery.

What characterizes multifactorial genetic disorders?a. Genetic testing available for most disorders b. Commonly caused by single gene alterations c. Many family members report having the disorder d. Caused by complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors

d. Caused by complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors

A couple who recently had a son with hemophilia A is consulting with a nurse. They want to know if their next child will have hemophilia A. The nurse can tell the parents that if their child is a a. boy, he will have hemophilia A. b. boy, he will be a carrier of hemophilia A. c. girl, she will be a carrier of hemophilia A. d. girl, there is a 50% chance she will be a carrier of hemophilia A.

d. girl, there is a 50% chance she will be a carrier of hemophilia A.

If a person is heterozygous for a given gene, it means that the person a. is a carrier for a genetic disorder. b. is affected by the genetic disorder. c. has two identical alleles for the gene. d. has two different alleles for the gene.

d. has two different alleles for the gene.

A patient who has been diagnosed with stage 2 prostate cancer chooses the option of active surveillance. The nurse will plan to a. vaccinate the patient with sipuleucel-T (Provenge). b. provide the patient with information about cryotherapy. c. teach the patient about placement of intraurethral stents. d. schedule the patient for annual prostate-specific antigen testing.

d. schedule the patient for annual prostate-specific antigen testing.

The nurse will anticipate that a 61-yr-old patient who has an enlarged prostate detected by digital rectal examination (DRE) and an elevated prostate specific antigen (PSA) level will need teaching about a. cystourethroscopy .b. uroflowmetry studies. c. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). d. transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).

d. transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).

A common complaint from men with mild to moderate benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is:

decreased urinary stream.

An important risk factor in the development of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) among Americans is:

increased age

The nursery nurse should identify which newborn at significant risk for hypothermic alteration in thermoregulation?

low birth weight