CONNECT CH 4, 5, 6

In the provided illustration of nervous tissue, Peter A is representing a _____ a letter B is reprising a ______.

A- Neuron B- Glial Cell

Active transport processes move substances across membranes against a concentration gradient. The energy source for active transport is supplied primarily by cellular energy in the form of ______.

Adenosine triphosphate ATP

What is an example of connective tissue proper?

Adipose tissue

Which occurs in aging?

Amount of collagen in body declines

What is an example of supporting connective tissue?

Cartilage

What are the cells that result when one cell divides?

DAUGHTER CELLS

____ is not found on the plasma membrane

DNA

Nucleosome

Dna double helix would around a cluster of histones

The major tissue type that acts as "a gatekeeper" because it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions is _______ tissue?

Epithelial

These glands have ducts and excrete their products onto the surface of the skin or into the lumen.

Exocrine

Chromatin

Finely filmantey mass of DNA and protein

Ligands are molecules released from one cell that bind to the receptor of another cell. Which fo the following are types of receptors that can bind ligands?

G protein coupled, enzymatic, channel linked

________ ________ are an example of who might share the same pattern of sugars that extend from their cells in the form of glycocalyx?

Identical Twins

What type of tissue is first to emerge in the developing embryo?

Mesenchyme

What type of membrane lines body passageways that eventually open to the external environment ?

Mucous

What type of membrane lines body passageways that eventually open to the external environment?

Mucous

Which type of connective tissue is located in the umbilical cord only?

Mucous connective tissue

The relative distributions of K+, which is more concentrated inside the cell, and Na+, which is more concentrated outside the cell, are the result of the activity of the ______.

NA+/K+ pump

______ are protein dieting organelles in the nucleus and cytosol of cells.v

Proteasomes

Connective tissue although diverse share which of the following basic components?

Protein fibers cells ground substance

The plasma membrane also functions in establishing and maintaining an electrochemical gradient at the plasma membrane called the ________ potential

Resting membrane potential

On many parts of the body, the components of the dermis include, blood vessels, ___ glands, ____ glands, hair follicles, nail roots, sensory nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue.

Sudoiferous (sweat sebaceous (oil)

_____ glands are also called sweat glands

Sudoriferous

True or false, Integral proteins extend through the plasma membrane while peripheral proteins DO NOT

TRUE

The rate at which substances diffuse is not constant but is dependent upon which of the following?

Temperature and magnitude of the concentration gradient

Which statements categorize organelles?

They are generally located within cells. Each type of organelle has a specific function, Each type of organelle differs in shape.

A(n) ______ is formed when a sperm fertilizes an oocyte.

Zygote

Cells usually die by one of two mechanisms: chemical/mechanical or

apoptosis

In the development of the emrbyonic skin, the ______ layer gives rise to the epidermis, and the ______ gives rise to the dermis.

basal , mesenchyme

Chromosomes

become visible only when the cell is divifing

Hemangoimas are ____ tumors.

benign

___ is the shape of a red blood cell

biconcave

A hemenagoima is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to ___ that proliferate and form a benign tumor.

blood vessels

Each nail plate consists of a pinkish nail ______ and a distal whitish free ______.

body, edge

membrane junctions are composed of

both integral and peripheral proteins

The plasma membrane is made up of three types of lipids

cholesterol phospholipids glycolipids

Four ringed lipid molecules of the cell membrane are

cholesterol molcules

Which is more loosely coiled?

chromatin

When a cell Is dividing the DNA is tightly coiled as

chromosomes

The most diverse, abundant, and widely distributed tissue in the body is

connective tissue.

Nails are derived from the same type of cells that produce the stratum _____ layer of the epidermis.

corneum

The study of cells is called

cytology

In cell division, one cell divides into two identical cells. These new cells are called ______ cells.

daughter

The exposed parts of nails and hair are composed of _____ keratinocytes

dead.

The dermis is ________ to the epidermis and contains primarily __________.

deep; collagen fibers

Most cells in the dermis are called ______ Cells.

dendritic

The net movement of a substance from high concentration to low is called

diffusion

passive processes _____ require the expenditure of cellular energy.

do not

Diffusion is the movement of a substance ____ its concentration gradient.

down

Diffusion is the net movement of a substance _____ its concentration gradient.

down

The gradient that is depends on the combination of the electrical gradient and the chemical gradient is the

electrochemical gradient

Cells of a blastocyst that form in the embryo are called the

embryo blast

The nails, hair, and exocrine glands of the skin are known as

epidermal appendages

The most superficial layer of the integument is the

epidermis

The major tissue type that acts as a "gatekeeper" because it regulates the movement of materials in and out of certain body regions is _____ tissue.

epithelial

Sebaceous glands and sweat glands are types of _____ glands of skin

exocrine

epithelial tissue have _____ innervation.

extensive

In what two ways are damaged skin tissues normally repaired?

fibrosis, regeneration

Friction riches on the tips of fingers are known as

finger prints

A mild sunburn with no blistering is an example of a ______ degree burn.

first

Blood is a type of _______ connective tissue.

fluid

Immune system cells differentiate healthy versus unhealthy cells in the body by examining the

glycocalyx

The study of tissues and their relationships is called which of the following?

histology

_____ is when there is an increase in the number of cells due to mitosis.

hyperplasia

The subcutaneous layer is also known as the ___ or superficial fascia.

hypodermis

Periderm

layer of cells covering the developing epithelium

mesenchyme

layer of embryonic cells that develops into the dermis

The net movement of K+ and Na+ in painting the resting membrane potential is partially dependent upon the number of ______ channels

leak

Which statements describe the locations of epithelial tissue?

lines body cavities, covers body surfaces, covers many organs, lines many organs.

In thick skin, there is an extra layer of epidermal cells. The layer is called the stratum

lucidum

What is the cell division that takes place in somatic cells called?

mitosis

RMP is important to what type of tissue?

muscle and nerve

Cells types of nervous tissue that are responsible for control and information processing are _______ .

neurons

the largest structure within a cell is usually the

nucleus

A simple epithelium has

one layer of epithelial cells.

A structure, which is composed of two or more tissue types, that works together to perform a specific task is a(n)

organ

Complex, organized structures inside cells that have unique characteristics and shapes are called

organelles

Osmosis is a type of

passive transport

The garbage disposals for unwanted and/or excess proteins in a cell are the

proteasomes

When a protein is marked for destruction by having a protein called ubiquitin bound to it, the organelles responsible for this removal are ______.

proteasomes or lysosomes

The connective tissue fibers of ___ layer of the dermis are extensively interwoven with those of the _____ layer to stabilize the position of the skin and bind to the underlying tissues.

reticular, subcutaneous

Which is not a type of membrane-bound organelle?

ribosome

Of the types of the body membranes, the principal type of internal membranes are

serous and mucous membranes,

The three types of muscle tissue are _________.

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Classify the tissue type of the epidermis: keratinized ________ epithelium

stratified squamous

The layer of skin from which most new epidermal cells are derived from is the

stratum basale

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the

stratum corneum

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the ____

stratum corneum

An epithelium is copied of ______ packed cells.

tightly

True or false? Regeneration in the skin replaces damaged or dead cells with the same cell type and restores organ function.

true

The skin is best described as

water resistant

Vernix Caseosa

waterproof protective covering composed of sebum and sloughed off cells

Flagellum means

whip like

A structure that is formed when a sperm fertilizes an oocyte and forms a diploid cell is called a

zygote

A(n) ____ is formed when a sperm fertilizes an oocyte.

zygote

What are the steps of transcription in order, starting with the earliest step?

1. Dna is unwound and RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter of the gene. 2. RNA polymerase forms an RNA copy of the gene. 3. The RNA strand is related from the DNA strand

Which statements correctly describe the nuclear envelope?

- it controls the entry of substances into and out of the nucleus - it is a double membrane -It is continuous with the er - it contains phospholipids

The main functions of the subcutaneous layer are which of the following?

-Acts as an energy reservoir -protects the body - provides thermal insulation

What are the following characteristics of epithelial tissue?

-Selective permeability -Physical Protection - Sensations -Secretions