Consequence Interventions
Which of the following is an example of Overcorrection?
Claire has to write a sorry letter to the teacher and all of her friends when she yells at her friends in class. Overcorrection is engaging in effortful behavior for an extended period contingent on the problem behavior, so writing many letters contingent on yelling in this example.
What is Response Cost?
A behavior reduction procedure in which the reinforcing stimulus is removed following the target behavior.
What is Punishment?
A stimulus that follows a response that decreases the future probability of that response. It is only punishment if the behavior decreases in response to the intervention.
What is another name for a fast trigger?
Antecedent Antecedents are referred to as fast triggers because they occur immediately before a behavior occurs.
What are the three Behavioral Interventions?
Antecedent Interventions, Replacement Behaviors, Consequence Interventions.
Which of the following should be used first when dealing with problem behaviors?
Antecedent interventions These should be tried first and then hopefully the child won't even exhibit the problem behaviors.
What is Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO)?
Reinforcing the absence of the problem behavior for a specific amount of time.
What is Positive Practice Overcorrection?
When the learner is required to practice the correct form of the behavior, or a behavior that is incompatible with the problem behavior, as a result of the problem behavior.
What is Restitutional Overcorrection?
When the learner is required to repair the situation to its original state, and some.
What is Extinction?
Withholding reinforcement from a previously reinforced behavior.
Extinction functions the same as __________ because both __________ the rate of a behavior.
punishment, decrease Both punishment and extinction decrease a behavior.
Extinction is withholding the __________that previously maintained a behavior.
reinforcement Reinforcement is the consequence that maintains a behavior and when it is removed extinction occurs.
What might be an appropriate consequence intervention for screaming for attention?
Ignoring the scream and later prompting them to call your name This does not reinforce the screaming, but teaches an alternate appropriate behavior that can be reinforced.
What do Consequence Interventions focus on?
Modifying the environment and contingencies, that occur after the behavior to increase or decrease behaviors.
What is Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors (DRI)?
Reinforces a behavior that is incompatible to the problem behavior and put the target problem behavior on extinction.
What is Differential Reinforcement of Alternate Behaviors (DRA)?
Reinforcing an appropriate alternative to the problem behavior and extinguishing the problem behavior through extinction.
Every ten minutes Johnny is rewarded with a gummy if he did not throw his toys. This is an example of which differential reinforcement procedure?
DRO DRO is reinforcing the omission or absence of a behavior after a set amount of time.
What are the three types of Differential Reinforcement?
Differential Reinforcement of Alternate Behaviors (DRA), of Incompatible Behaviors (DRI), of Other Behaviors (DRO)
After Johnny threw his toys, his teacher gave him a gentle reprimand and told him that throwing was not nice. Later that day Johnny threw his toys four times. Why is this not an example of punishment?
He threw his toys four times after the reprimand. In the definition of punishment, the behavior must decrease for the consequence to have been punishment. Since it increased in this example, the gentle reprimand actually served as a reinforcer.
When Keenan and his mother go to the zoo, Keenan always whines to ride the train. Most of the time his mother says "no," but when she is really tired she might say "yes." Why is this behavior not likely to be easily extinguished?
She has reinforced his whining on a very thin variable ratio schedule.
What is Positive Punishment?
The addition of an aversive stimulus following a behavior that decreases that behavior. Overcorrection (Restitutional and Positive Practice)
What is Spontaneous Recovery?
The reappearance of the behavior that had previously been diminished.
What are Extinction Bursts?
The sudden increase of behavior after extinction is implemented.
What is Time Out?
The withdrawl or removal of the opportunity to receive positive reinforcement for a specific amount of time. 2-10 minutes in length. Explain time out rules. Consistence. Evaluate effectiveness.
What are the two Negative Punishment Procedures?
Time out and Response Cost.
Extinction is the most difficult to use with ___________ maintained behaviors.
automatically Extinction is the most difficult to use with automatically maintained behaviors because they are not socially mediated and it may be difficult to tell which aspect of the behavior is reinforcing, in order to withhold the reinforcement the next time.
Antecedent Interventions will be implemented...
before a behavior. Antecedent interventions take place before a behavior occurs and reduce the likelihood that they behavior will occur.
What will guide you to an appropriate intervention?
diagnosis of child. Diagnosis is not a necessary component of the BIP.
All of the following are rules of thumb with time out EXCEPT...
evaluate the effectiveness of time out by identifying if the child is sad when they are in time out. The effectiveness should be based on future occurrences of the problem behavior, not the child's assumed mood.
Spontaneous recovery is most commonly associated with...
extinction. After a behavior has been decreased through extinction it may come back at some time and this is referred to as spontaneous recovery.
A good behavioral definition is..
operational. It should be descriptive enough that anyone watching will be able to identify the same behavior.