Construction Drawings
foundation plan
Part of the structural plans, it shows the lowest level of the building
elevation drawing
is a side view that shows height
mechanical plans
are engineered plans for motors, pumps, piping systems, and piping equipment
fire protection plan
the drawing that makes up a building's piping, valves, and switches
blueprints
the traditional name for construction drawings
legend
defines the symbols used in architectural plans
schematic
is a one-line drawing showing the flow path for electrical circuitry
scale
on a drawing tells the size of the object drawn compared with the actual size of the object represented
dimensions
to do accurate work, you need to know whether these measure to the exterior or the interior of the object
computer-aided drafting (CAD)
used to create almost all construction drawings today
beam
a large, horizontal support made of concrete, steel, stone, or wood
architect
is a qualified, licensed person who creates and designs drawings for a construction project
floor plan
also called a plan view, it is an aerial view of the layout of each room
hidden line
a dashed line on a plan showing an object obstructed from view by another object
symbols
may be used on a drawing to tell what material is required for architectural, civil and structural engineering, mechanical, and plumbing parts of a project
title block
part of the construction drawing. Gives information about the structure and is numbered for easy filing
piping and instrumentation drawings (P&IDs)
schematic drawings showing all the equipment, pipelines, valves, instruments, and controls needed to operate a piping system
architectural plans
show the design of the project and include many parts, such as the floor plan, roof plan, elevation drawings, and section drawings
plumbing plans
show the layout for the plumbing system that supplies hot and cold water, for the sewage disposal system, and for the location of plumbing fixtures
roof plan
shows the shape of the roof and the materials that will be used to finish it.
construction drawings
together with the set of specifications, detail what is to be built and what materials are to be used
dimension line
usually has an arrowhead at both ends, with the measurement written near the middle of the line
not to scale (NTS)
when a plan is marked with this, it means that the drawing gives approximate positions and sizes
elevation (EL)
an element of architectural drawings that refers to the height above sea level or other defined surface
engineer
applies scientific principles in design and construction
electrical plans
engineered drawings for electrical supply and distribution, include locations of the electric meter, switchgear, and convenience outlets
leader
in drafting, an arrowhead is placed on this in order to identify a component
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC)
includes the piping system plans for gas, oil, or steam heat
section drawing
is a cross-sectional view that shows the inside of an object or building
isometric drawing
known as a pictorial illustration, this lets you see an object as it really is, rather than as a flat, two-dimensional view
plumbing
refers to both water supply and all liquid waste disposal
request for information (RFI)
a written report by the foreman explaining the problem with the discrepancy in the plans noting the date and time
civil plans
also called site plans or survey plans.They show the location of the building from an aerial view, as well as the natural contours of the earth
detail drawings
are enlarged views of some special features of a building, such as floors and walls
contour lines
are solid or dashed lines showing the elevation of the earth on a civil drawing
structural plans
are used to support the architectural design. They include the general notes, a foundation plan, a roof framing plan, and structural section drawings
specifications
are written statements provided by the architectural and engineering firm to define the quality of work to be done and to describe the materials to be used