Consumer Behavior Final Gabriel Warren

Which of the following is a terminal value in the prosocial category?

Equality

Which of the following is a difference between equity theory and the disconfirmation paradigm?

Equity theory focuses on the consumer's inputs and outputs versus those of others, whereas the disconfirmation paradigm focuses on the consumer's predictions and experiences.

T or F Consumers who are increasingly operating on the principle of hedonism avoid luxury cars, good-tasting foods and beverages, digital innovations, and exciting vacations

False

T or F Diffusion reflects the behaviors of an individual

False

T or F Dual-career families tend to spend less than other families do on childcare, eating out, and services in general.

False

T or F Lower-class consumers tend to watch TV less and are more likely than other classes to read magazines ailci newspapers

False

T or F Post-decision dissonance is a feeling of elation after a purchase

False

T or F Religious influences and traditions do not affect consumer behavior.

False

T or F The concept of social class is inherently negative

False

T or F The second stage of gift giving, when a gift is actually given, is called the gestation stage.

False

T or F To reduce dissonance, a search is conducted that is designed to make the chosen alternative less attractive and the rejected ones more attractive.

False

T or F Voicers are angry consumers who engage heavily in all types of complaining, including to a third party.

False

T or F When giver and receiver have close connections, The receiver perceives a low economic value in the gift received

False

True or False A key aspect of households is that more than one individual cannot become involved in acquisition and consumption

False

True or False According to consumer segments identified by VALS, formerly known as Values and Lifestyles, strivers have the highest discretionary income, value self-sufficiency, and family.

False

True or False Consumers arc satisfied if they perceive inequity in an exchange

False

True or False Dollar store attracts upper class customers with premium pricing?

False

True or False In the context of special possessions and brands, replicas or copies of a particularly valued item cannot become fetish objects.

False

True or False In the context of symbolic consumer behavior, cultural categories do not reflect gender and age characteristics of people.

False

True or False In the context of symbolic consumer behavior, marketers create products and consumers use them in ways that are inconsistent with cultural principles.

False

True or False India has a diverse ethnic population with approximately 20 different languages being spoken in the country?

False

True or False Innovations are always good for society at large?

False

Flapbox is a new type of tablet that does not require any hardware medium for input. It offers the benefit of portability and additional functionality that desktop computers do not. Flapbox can be best classified as a(n)

Functional innovation

During which of the following stages of gift giving do people consider what to give an intended recipient

Gestation stage

Idiocentric consumers tend to put more emphasis on ________ than allocentric consumers

Individual Freedom

The advertisement for CoolBreeze air conditioners claims that it is the fastest cooling, lowest power consuming, and easiest to install air conditioner. This advertisement is an example of a marketing strategy tactics. appealing to consumers' use of

Performance-related

Children's influence on the family's decision process is greatest during the:

Problem recognition phase

_________ increases the probability that we will purchase the same brand again.

Reinforcement

Teenagers from the ______ Segment have low expectations of the future and material success and are eliminated from society.

Resigned

Which of the following statements best defines instrumental values?

They are the values desired to achieve the desired end states

Which of the following statements is true of underdogs?

They can instigate learning through comparisons of their brand with the market leader, when consumers are not motivated.

Identify a characteristic of innovators

They tend to be opinion leaders

T or F A family is usually defined as a group of individuals living together who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption

True

T or F Cocreation is actively involving consumers in creating value through participation in new product development, among other marketing activities

True

T or F Consumers are often more uncertain about the usefulness of a discontinuous (vs. a continuous) innovation

True

T or F In the context of symbolic consumer behavior, groups on the margins of society can be agents of change in cultural principles

True

T or F Individuals from higher-status families are twice as likely to maintain their status as members of lower classes are to achieve a higher status

True

T or F John is a successful attorney who refuses to adopt an electronic file system and instead keeps paper records. He fears that if something is not written down it is not permanent. In this scenario, John is considered a laggard.

True

T or F Marketers can create sacredness in objects or people

True

T or F Marketers sometimes unintentionally profane sacred objects through commercialization.

True

T or F Mike took an Algebra class with Miss Tenabaum and did not like her teaching style. He tells his three closest friends not to take her class. The three friends modify their schedules so that they get to attend another teacher's classes. This is an example of the law of small numbers

True

T or F Nigel owns a pizza parlor in a Hispanic neighborhood. His restaurant's menu is available in both English and Spanish. This scenario is an example of accommodation theory

True

T or F Social class motives and values can determine which offerings consumers desire.

True

T or F The Girl Scouts is an example of an embedded market, as Girl Scouts often sell to people within their social network.

True

T or F The characteristics of the social system in which an innovation operates affect resistance, adoption, and diffusion

True

T or F The personality trait of competitiveness has been associated with the desire to outdo others through col Timms consumption of material items such as the newest electronic gadgets

True

T or F VALS, formerly known as Values and Lifestyles, is a psychographic tool used to create consumer segments based on consumers' resources and primary motivation

True

T or F Women outnumber men in the gray market because women tend to live longer

True

T or F in Thailand, more than 80 percent of the population is of Thai origin, but several sizable ethnic subcultures still flourish

True

True or False An innovation does not necessarily have to be new as long as consumers perceive it as new.

True

True or False Functional innovations often rely on new technology that makes a product better than existing alternatives.

True

True or False Innovations vary in how much behavioral change they require on the part of consumers.

True

True or False Studies indicate that the earlier someone adopts an innovation, the more prestige is associated with it.

True

True or False TV programs, movies and videos, music, video games, the Internet, and ads can serve as socializing agents

True

True or False The ability to develop successful new products is critical to a company's sales, future growth, and long-term survival potential

True

Jason likes to drink a particular brand of soda and has been chinking that brand of soda for the last ten yea's. Lately, one of the newer brands has been gaining popularity and he wants to switch to that brand. In the context of marketing and consumer behavior, this phenomenon is referred to as

Variety Seeking

Manson and his wife went out shopping for clothes one day. Since Manson always wore SoftSewn brand shirts, his wife picked out only those shirts for him to try on. However, when shown the shirts, Manson said, "I need to try something different." Manson's response is an example of

Variety seeking tactic

Consumers engage in thinking, which leads to feelings, which result in behaving, a progression known as the

hierarchy of effects

In the context of values that characterize Western cultures, people who value the original article or a faithful reproduction focus on

authenticity

Cluster analysis is based on the principle that:

consumers in the same neighborhood tend to buy the same products and services

___________ possessions that evoke specific feelings such as pride and happiness in owners are said to have

mood-altering properties

Harry recently purchased a new store-brand laundry detergent and was impressed by the product. He has decided that he is going to buy another box of the same detergent as soon as he runs out of the one he's using. Ir the context of operant conditioning, this is an example of the nature of:

reinforcement obtained from former actions.

When consumers are consistent across indicators of social class income, education, and occupation, it is called

status crystallization

With low-effort hierarchy of effects, attitudes are based on:

trial experience

Joanne is a marketing manager at Calin Corp., a ready-to-eat food products manufacturer. During her interaction with the firm's regular customers, she came to know that they like Calin Corp.'s single serving size meals. When she probed why they liked the single serving size packs, they replied the packs come in separate boiling bags. They are of ideal quantity leaving no room for waste. In this case, Joanne is involved in:

value laddering

Even with the inequalities, social class distinctions can help individuals determine

what their role in society is

Negative word-of-mouth communication is more likely to occur when consumers:

Perceive that the problem is severe

Zone of acceptance refers to consumers

Acceptable range of prices for any purchase situation

Lois purchased an automobile that required constant repair and often broke down. Because of her bad experience with the brand, she chose never to buy or recommend the brand to others. This is an example of how ________ is likely to influence consumer judgements

Accesible Information

When evidence is ambiguous, confirmation bias and overconfidence can lead consumers to:

Avoid both negative and highly diagnostic information

_______form a solid base on which companies can build brand profitability.

Brand Loyal Customers

_________ is the extent to which the group has the capacity to deliver rewards and sanctions

Coercive power Credibility

While reading the morning newspaper, Rebecca noticed an article that stated that a brand of soft drink causes cancer. She immediately called her friends and family and told them not to consume any products from that brand. Rebecca likely did this because she thought that this information was

Credible

Which of the following is true of consumers in the gray market?

Difficulty making complex decissions

The intent of is to cling to possessions with the hope that a relationship can be repaired.

Disposition to hold on

T or F According to VALS consumer segments, thinkers have the lowest incomes and focus on meeting basic day-to-day needs.

False

T or F Agentic goals stress the formation of affiliations and fostering of harmonious relations with others

False

T or F An expensive heirloom given to a couple on their wedding day by a favorite aunt can serve , connectedness, and role transition functions.

False

T or F Authoritarian households exert the least amount of control On children

False

T or F Compared with other cultures, the United States has long placed a low value on youth

False

T or F Consumers are less likely to complain when they have the time and easy access to formal channels of communication to do so

False

T or F Consumers are not guided by feelings when buying from a particular store.

False

Fred, who had carried out an extensive evaluation of Geronite computers right before its purchase, felt a high level of satisfaction with his new computer. However, his satisfaction steadily declined over time. In this scenario. Fred can be referred to as a

High Involvement Consumer

Judith recently moved to a new town and went to the supermarket to buy some LastingFresh frozen meals. However, all the supermarkets in the town only have store-brand frozen dinners. She wants to make sure that the frozen dinner is of high quality and starts to compare its ingredients with those used in LastingFresh's products. This is an example of a(n)

Learning Process

Reference groups influence product category choice for

Luxury items

In the context of individual consumer segments, are single, lower-income consumers who live in smaller cities, are under the age of 55, and have a high school education

Mobility Blues

In the context of responses to dissatisfaction, complaining is

More likely when motivation, ability, and opportunity are high.

Li is a doctor. She works in a hospital and has her own private practice. Li uses different phones when sh at the hospital and when she is at home, and both of these phones are from different brands. She switches to the newest version of each phone every year. Li is

Multibrand loyal

Fast-food chains have a separate marketing director and multimillion budget for communicating with the Hispanic American consumers, with African American consumers, and with Asian American. This is an example of

Multicultural Marketing

The Red Boulevard neighborhood used to be restricted to families of old wealth and aristocracy. Of late, families of low economic backgrounds are moving in and mingling with the current residents. Even the local country club has relaxed its membership rules to admit members from a wider range of backgrounds. The given scenario is an example of:

Social class fragmentation

_______is the process by which individuals acquire the skills, knowledge, values, and attitudes that are relevant for functioning in a given domain

Socialization

Goods or services become ______ to indicate their owners place in social hierarchy.

Status Symbols

In the context of low-effort thought-based decision-making, shaping involves

Taking consumers through a series of successive steps to lead them to a desired response

Unlike consumers from feminine cultures, consumers from masculine cultures

Tend to be more aggressive and focused on individual advancement

Ying is known to read several online reviews, consult all his friends, and gather all the available information about a product before purchasing it. From the given information, it is understood that Ying follows while making innovation adoption decisions.

The high-effort hierarchy of effects

For equity to occur, a buyer must perceive that:

There is a fairness in an exchange

Why do nearly 20 percent of U.S. public schools require students to wear uniforms?

To remove social class emblems among students

Which of the following statements is true regarding the appropriateness of a gift?

Token gifts are appropriate and appreciated in situations where no gifts are expected.

Marketers classify innovations in three main ways: (1) the degree of novelty, (2) the type of benefits offered. and (3) the:

breadth of innovation

Luke is an ardent fan of a certain rock band. He colored his hair purple and tattooed his body to reflect the band's iconography. In the context of sources and meaning of symbolic function, Luke's appearance is an example of

the expressiveness function