Contemporary World M5

movement of people from one place to another with the intention of settling, permanently or temporarily at a new location

Human migration

a person's talents, knowledge, skills, etc.

Micro level processes

resources, knowledge, and understandings that migrant populations possess and utilize

Micro level processes

Early human migrations Modern mass migrations Forced migrations Internal migrations Population growth

Migration

- both birth rates and death rates are high. - population size remains fairly constant but can have major swings with events such as wars or pandemics

Stage 1

True or False: spontaneous abortion (unintentional) and induced abortion (intentional)

True

deliberate use of artificial methods to prevent pregnancy from sexual intercourse

contraception

shows the different stages that societies go through as they move towards industrialization

demographic transition

dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas by force because of traumatic reasons

diaspora

the dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas by force because of traumatic reasons

diaspora

people are encouraged by receiving countries to migrate so they could do the jobs that citizens of the receiving country are not willing to do

dual or segmented labor market theory of migration

how our ancestors were nomadic and have been migrating even before globalization began

early human migrations.

every individual person's potential to produce an offspring

fecundity

act of modifying a person's anatomy so that he or she would be incapable of conception

sterilization

emphasizes migration from peripheral developing countries to core capitalist ones. Migrants flow from the periphery to the core while capital, machinery, and goods flow from the core to the periphery.

world systemtheory of migration

when people leave a country in order to settle in another

Emigration

when people enter into a country in order to settle in it

Immigration

True or False: every single migration activity, multiple theories CANNOT be applicable

False. CAN

True or False: Birth, death, and migration are the ONLY metrics in demography that can be used to describe a population

False. NOT THE ONLY

groups of persons who were forced to leave their place of origin in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster

Refugees

True or False: Migration can be temporary or permanent.

True

Demography

the statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics

- Sharing the same history and ancestors. - Sharing a common reserved ethnic identity. - Sharing a collective memory of original homeland. - A degree of tension towards the host country. - Sharing the belief in return. - Sharing a sense of solidarity. - A potential to contribute to the host culture.

Characteristics of Diasporas

Earth's carrying capacity

9 to 10 billion human beings

persons who apply for refuge in a foreign country due to a fear of religious or political persecution in his or her country of origin

Asylum Seekers

individual persons who apply for refuge in a foreign country due to a fear of religious or political persecution in his or her country of origin

Asylum seekers

Natural change Fecundity Fertility Spontaneous abortionI nduced abortion Contraception Sterilization

Birth

Main components of Demography/Primary agents

Birth Death Migration

refers to the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation

Carrying capacity

True or False: Migration can be international (between countries) but CAN'T be local (between towns and cities of the same country.

False. Also CAN

Epidemiologic transition Infant mortality Infanticide Mortality among the elderly Widowhood

Death

the transition of who in a population gets affected the most by diseases and other ailments

Epidemiologic transition

a reflection of how males have a shorter life expectancy than females

High widowhood rates

persons who were forced to leave their place of origin in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster

Refugees

country's economic position, level of industrialization, etc.

Macro level processes

overcharging issues such as political situations, laws and regulations between the countries to control migration. Changes in global economy can be counted as a macro factor for example

Macro level processes

characteristics of destination countries that attract immigrants wishing to find better living and working conditions

Pull Factors

things that exist within a destination country that entices a person to move there such as higher paying jobs, free health care, etc.

Pull Factors

things that exist within a country of origin that pushes a person away such as war, crime, threat to life, etc.

Push Factors

dynamics within the country of origin which force people to emigrate such as war, famine, political oppression or population pressures

Push factors

an internationally recognized legal right but asylum seekers are sometimes treated like criminals in host countries

Seeking asylum

- the introduction of modern medicine lowers death rates, especially among children, while birth rates remain high - result is rapid population growth - where many of the least developed countries today

Stage 2

- birth rates gradually decrease, usually as a result of improved economic conditions, an increase in women's status, and access to contraception - Population growth continues, but at a lower rate - most developing countries

Stage 3

- birth and death rates are both low, stabilizing the population - tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate hovering around two children per woman - most developed countries

Stage 4

fertility rates have fallen significantly below replacement level (2 children) and the elderly population is greater than the youthful population

Stage 5

True or False: As countries become advanced economies, rural-to-urban mobility shrinks, demographic growth slows down, while urban-to-urban mobility and circular migration INCREASE significantly

True

True or False: When Science and Technology was few and slow, the human global population was low. When Science and Technology was fast and numerous, the global population grew exponentially.

True

True or False: You can describe a population in thousands of different ways such as age distribution, educational attainment, economic class, favorite TV network, mobile network subscription, gender, etc

True

True or False: Advanced economies often become net importers of HIGH-skilled labor from less developed countries.

True

a type of migration where the person migrating is doing so against his/her will

forced migration

groups that push people to migrate be it legal or illegal

institutional theory of migration

migratory movements are often connected to prior long-standing links between sending and receiving countries, like commercial or cultural relationships

migration system and networks theory of migration

the transition of countries through a series of demographic and societal stages

mobility transition theory of migration

change in population that is the result of either birth or death

natural change

decisions to migrate are taken at the individual level and consider that higher earnings in the long run compensate for the cost and risk of relocating

neoclassical theory of migration

the migration decision is often taken collectively, especially within households. Migration of selected family members may be used to mitigate risks and diversify income resources for the entire family.

new economics theory of migration

migration is strongly influenced by immigration policies implemented by countries. If countries become more open to migration, more people will migrate. If countries become restrictive of migration, less people will migrate.

policies theory of migration