cosmo psi test
Which of the following angles best represents low projection
0 degrees to 30 degrees
The standard proportion between the head and overall body height of a woman that most artists us is
1 to 7
Coarse hair should be texturized at least how far away from the scalp?
1.5 inches
Human hair, on the average, grows about:
1/2 inch (1.25 cm) per month
What size partings are generally used for a double-process technique?
1/8 inch
A pH of 5 is how many time more acidic than pHo 6
10
A client should be greeted within the first
10 seconds
Sodium hydroxide relaxers have an alkaline pH of
11.5-14
The number of hones in the hand is
19
The active growing stage of hair last from
2-6 years
Normal hair is capable of being stretched
20%
The number of bones in the human body is
206
The number of hones in the human foot is
26
To reduce the potential of hair and scalp damage from heat, hold the blow dryer at least
3-5 inches from the hair
The pH range of neutralizer is
3.5-4.5
The minimum distance an infrared lamp must be placed from the clients face during a facial is
30 inches
High lift tints are designed to achieve lighter colors and are generally mixed with a double amount of:
30-40 volume hydrogen peroxide
Under normal circumstances, the growth of a new fingernail takes approximately:
4-6 months
Under normal conditions, the growth of a new fingernail takes approximately
4-6 months
In what pH range is skin and hair?
4.5-5.5
What is the average amount of daily hairless
40-100 strands
Wet hair is able to be stretched to what percent of its length?
40-50 percent
A graduated form is also referred to as a wedge or a
45 degree angle cut
It is wise to keep all records of your daily sales and services for:
5-7 years
What percentage of the total salon expenses generally represents compensation for the salon owner and empolyees
50 percent
What approximate percent of all bacteria are harmless and can even be beneficial to humans?
70%
The carpus/wrist contains how many bones
8
The approximate pH range of a cold wave is
8.2-9.6
The approximate pH range of ammonium thioglycolate solution
8.2-9.6
The pH range of an alkaline permanent wave is
8.2-9.6
Ammonium thioglycolate relaxers have a pH of
8.5-9.5
It is recommended that not more than what percent of the natural texture be removed when relaxing the hair
85 percent
If a toe nail is lost/removed, approximately how long will it take to grow back?
9-18 months
Technical term for hang nail is
Agnail
Light skin and dark skin differ in the
Amount and type of melanin produced
Tuberculosis
An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially the lungs
The most common form of hair loss in both men and women
Androgentic alopecia
Rectifier
Apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current
What does the OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard require the use of when tools and multi- use supplies come into contact with blood or body fluid?
Approved EPA- registered hospital disinfectant
Onychophagy
Bitten nails
when two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom the result is a water molecule
Compound
Galvanic current
Constant and direct current set to a safe, low voltage level; chemical changes are produced when the current is passed through certain solutions containing acids and salts
What is the role of epithelial tissue?
Cover and protect body surfaces and internal organs
Procerus
Covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose.
pumice powder is most commonly found in
Cuticle cream
Disinfectants must be approved by the
EPA
Which of the following identifiers is given to a product alone with the approval of the efficacy claims on the label to ensure the product is safe and effective
EPA registration number
Ingredients used in cosmetics must be approved by the
FDA
Requires the use of Predisposition Tests, Patch Tests and P.D. Tests:
FDA
The common cold is caused by a
Filterable virus
Cuticle creams will help to prevent:
Hang-nails / Agnails
In men, male pattern baldness takes the shape of:
Horseshoe-shaped fringe
What is the best manner in which to treat agnails:
Hot oil manicures
Also known as hirsuties; condition of abnormal growth of hair, characterized by the growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair.
Hypertrichosis
onychia
Infection at the nail base, usually with pus, untreated can cause loss of the nail:
Onychia
Inflammation of the nail matrix
Catophoresis
Infuses positive ( acids) into skin
Anabolism
Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.
What is the function of sebum
Mix with sweat to form the acid mantle
two or more of the same atoms joined together by a chemical bond
Molecule
Condition causing beaded hair. Hair is weak before each node and easily broken
Monilethrix
Regulates and enforces health and safety standards in the workplace:
OSHA
Required manufactured to provide you with MSDA
OSHA
Sets the requirement
OSHA
A steel nail pusher should only be used on a
On a moist nail
The location of the cuticle is described as
Overlapping tissue around the nail
A chronic scalp condition with excessive flaking that accumulates on the scalp or falls to the shoulders is known as dandruff or:
Pityriasis
The technical / medical term for dandruff is:
Pityriasis
Greasy or waxy dandruff
Pityriasis steatoides
The matrix is
Portion of the nail extending beneath the nail root and containing nerves, lymph, and blood vessels
thick crusty patches of red irritated scalp
Psoriasis
Streptococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
Quats
Quaternary ammonium compounds, disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon
Grey hair is caused by
Reduced color pigment, melanin, in the cortex layer of the hair
Alternating bands of gray and dark hair
Ringed hair/ Pili annulati
A red, circular patch of small blisters caused by a vegetable parasite is also known as tinea or:
Ringworm
An antiseptic can be used to:
Sanitize
red, watery vesicles or pus filled areas caused by an itch mite burrowing under the skin
Scabies
Texturizing reduces bulk without:
Shortening the overall length appearance of the hair
When sitting in a chair, it is important to:
Sit well back in the chair
Hyponychium
Skin between the free edge and fingertip of the natural nail
hypoychium
Skin underneath the free edge
How do you remove an acrylic nail
Soak in acetone for 20 min
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
Which muscle is used when nodding yes or no
Sternocleidomastoideus
The instruction on a product state to shake well before use, which indicated the product is
Suspension
Cosmetology
The art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair and includes the study of cosmetics and their application.
Tinea refers to
The highly contagious vegetable parasite known as ringworm
Perionychium
The tissue bordering the root and sides of a fingernail or toenail.
What is the primary purpose of nail primer
To improve adhesion
Hair loss through repetitive and excessive pulling or stretching of the hair
Traction alopecia
The technical term for the study of hair is called
Trichology
A predisposition (skin patch) test for all products containing an aniline derivative ingredient is a requirement from the
U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
You and your client should wear protective eyewear when you are using:
UV light
To remove your clients acrylic nails, you should
Use nippers to remove unwanted acrylic nail, then soak off remainder in acetone
An efficiency label will tell you
What pathogens a product will be effective against
Dandruff is thought to be: A) Contagious B) Asymptomatic C) Non-contagious D) Persona non-grata
a
One oblong followed by a row of pincurls is called a(n): a. Ridge curl b. Alternation c. Indentation d. Wave pattern
a
Projecting the hair below 90° would: a) build weight b) remove bulk c) remove weight d) shorten lengths
a
Sole Proprietorship
a business owned and managed by a single individual
Peroxide can act as an oxidizer and lift or subtract color when activated by
a higher pH substance
chignon
a large, smooth twist, roll, or knot of hair, worn by women at the nape of the neck or the back of the head
A good indicator of the overall condition of the hair and its ability to withstand a relaxer service is
a preliminary strand test
On a pH scale, human hair, skin, and nails are
acid
Perm neutralizer is:
acid
What is formed when sebum produced by the oil glands mixes with the body's perspiration?
acid mantle
A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions
acidic
What can be mixed with a cream on-the-scalp lightener to speed the oxidation process
activator
Deni permanent colors are designed to
add tone deposit color last 4-6 weeks
Why does the base area lighten faster when using a midstrand-to-ends then base (lighter result) technique?
additional body heat at the base area
The subcutaneous layer of the skin is made up of mostly
adipose
Which of the following descriptions are the main purposes of hair
adornment protection from cold protection from injury
Ammonium thioglycolate
alkaline
The PH of a cold wave is
alkaline
To accommodate a growth pattern such as a widows peak, cowlick or whorl when cutting the hair, which of the following statements would apply
allow additional length in the growth pattern area
Virgin relaxers may be applied ¼" (.6 cm) to ½" (1.25 cm) away from the scalp because body heat from the scalp will:
allow it to spread toward the scalp
Which of the following is functions of the skeletal system
allowing body movement surrounding and protecting internal organs providing a frame to which muscles can attach
Sudden loss of hair in round or irregular patches without display of an inflamed scalp.
alopecia areata
This is a rapid and interrupted flow of electricity traveling in one direction and then the other:
alternating current
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
amino acids
In a permanent hair color procedure, the small colored molecules enter the hair with the aid of an alkaline substance such as:
ammonia
When performing an alkaline wave on a client, thioglycolic acid is joined with what ingredient to shorten the processing time
ammonium hydroxide
Rearrangers are used during a curl reformation process to reduce the natural curl. What is the main ingredient found in rearrangers?
ammonium thioglycolate
The reducing agent in an alkaline permanent wave is
ammonium thioglycolate
Which of the following factors would affect the processing time when decolorizing hair
amount of natural pigment
The number of electrons flowing through a wire, in other words-the strength of an electric current is measured by
amp/amperes
Which of the following descriptions defines the term "profile"
an outline of the face from the side
Which of the following is known as the active growing stage of hair
anagen
If the diameter of a female clients ponytail has become smaller over time, it could indicate
androgenic alopecia
When pushing back cuticles, how should the nail technician hold the pusher:
angles with medium pressure
A sanitizer inadequate for use on implements/surfaces, but designed for use on human skin and nails
antiseptic
If bleeding occurs during a manicure / pedicure, use:
antiseptic
The largest artery in the human body is
aorta
Converter
apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current
During hair pressing, fine hair requires which of the following actions?
apply less heat
One method to make wide-set eyes appear closer together is:
apply shadows and eyeliner near inner corner of eyes
Natural oils that are removed during the chemical relaxing process are replaced by:
applying a conditioning treatment
The hair between thee scalp and the first turn of the hair around the roller, thermal iron or round brush is called
arc
The muscle that causes the hair to stand on end when a person is scared or cold is known as the
arrector pili
Whenever hair colors are applied, the final result is based on the existing or contributing pigment and the:
artificial pigment applied
Which of the following hair types are most often used to construct human hair wigs
asian and european
What type of balance is created when the weight is positioned unequally from the center of axis
asymmetrical balace
After applying the primer during a sculptured nail service
avoid touching the nail
Dart alterations of a wig are made vertically to: a) add width in the nape area b) remove width in the nape area c) shorten a wig from the front to the nape d) avoid excess bulk close to the perimeter
b
If the hair accepts color easily, it has: a. poor porosity b. average porosity c. extreme porosity d. resistant porosity
b
Will kill all bacteria on a surface and most viruses: A) Sterilization B) Disinfection C) Sanitation D) Decontamination
b
Rod-shaped bacterial cells are known as:
bacilli
A small section of hair held taut with one hand, while the other hand is used to direct the lengths with the comb toward the base
backcombing
A dehydrant is used to help remove moisture and oil and to prevent the growth of
bacteria
What is the nail condition that can be indicated by a green discoloration on the nail plate?
bacterial infection
The state of equilibrium existing between contrasting, opposite or interacting elements is referred to as
balance
A hair addition is designed to be attached to which portion of the clients own hair
base
What is the area called on which a roller, thermal iron, round brush is placed
base
The adhesive coat for nail polish is
base coat
In artificial hair coloring, the predominant tone is known as the
base color
The size of the base in relation to the diameter of the tool, and the position of the tool in relation to the base
base control
Before applying a chemical relaxer product on the hair and scalp, it is important to protect the skin around the hairline and ears with a
base cream
At what point should the condition of the client's hair and scalp be examined when performing a shampoo?
before shampooing hair
Which of the following responsibilities is found in a profession code of ethics
being loyal to employer and coworkers being fair and courteous to your coworkers showing respect for the feelings and rights of others
Currugator
beneath the frontalis and orbicularis oculi that draws the eyebrow down and vertically wrinkles forehead
Which of the following terms identifies the process of sizing a wig
blocking
Which hair color generally has the highest number of hairs per square inch on the head?
blonde
Which of the primary colors is the darkest?
blue
An application of which of the following complementary colors categories would help neutralize or correct brassiness or orange tones in a haircolor
blue based
During a curl reformation service, what causes the hair to soften and swell in order to reform it into a new curl or wave pattern?
booster
Heat and wrapping with firm, even tension when using an acid perm produces which of the following effects?
boosts penetration of glyceryl monothioglycolate
Pressing combs are made of stainless steel or:
brass
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes the immune system to
break down
Hair wound on rods with too much tension may cause which of the following:
breakage or dryness
Projection the hair below 90 degrees would
build weight
Human hair strands will produce the following results when undergoing a match test?
burn slowly
The hair condition that is not able to be reconditioned is
burned hair
Acid perms are in the pH range of: a) 4.9-5.2 b) 5.9-6.2 c) 6.9-7.2 d) 7.9-8.2
c
CILIA IS THE TECHNICAL TERM FOR: A) BRITTLE HAIR B) BROKEN HAIR C) EYELASH HAIR D) HAIR IN THE CROWN
c
Select the longest wavelength from the following list: a. x-rays b. visible light c. infrared rays d. ultraviolet rays
c
Tinea Ingium refers to: A) Ringworm B) Ringworm of the feet C) Ringworm of the nails D) None
c
Which type of wig is available in several sizes and most often hand-tied?
cap wig
Flat curvature pincurls used for closeness are also called:
carved curls
The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called
catabolism
The hair growth stage when all cell division stops is the:
catagen stage
The electrode that is negatively charged during an electrotherapy treatment is known as
cathode
Overlapping lightener during a retouch service could:
cause breakage
Etiology
cause of disease
Lighteners utilize ingredients such as ammonia and peroxide to penetrate the cortex and
cause the melanin the break down
The seven bones that form the top part of the spinal column are often manipulated in extended scalp massage are
cervical vertebrae
The hair type that generally requires lower temperatures and less contact time when using an electric curling iron is which of the following conditions
chemically altered hair
What is the other name for liver spots
chloasma
What could be done to solve the problem of insufficient coverage of gray hair?
choose a darker color
Which of the following devices breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs
circuit breaker
A saftey device used to prevent the overloading/overheating of electrical wires
circuit breaker, fuse
Wearing a coordinated outfit would fall into which of the following style categories?
classic
Before beginning any makeup application, you will need to
clean, tone, moisturize and protect the skin
Non oxidative temporary colors should be applied to which of the following hair conditions
clean, towel blotted hair
Before using ultraviolet light on a client, the skin or scalp should be:
cleansed
For a natural effect, the shape of the finger nails should conform to the shape of the
clients fingers
To hold the comb and shears in the same hand without jeopardizing the clients safety, release the thumb grip and
close your palm over the shears
Which of the following terms refers to the visual perception of the reflection of light
color
Which of the following responses could be the reason for a color result that is too light
color formula was too light
What are color molecules able to penetrate the cuticle layer of the hair when using semi-permanent products versus temporary colors
color molecules are smaller in size
Which of the following tests should be performed during a chemical relaxer procedure to determine when the hair is relaxed enough or whether additional smoothing is required
comb test
Immersing in an approved EPA-registered disinfectant after precleaning applies to all of the following items
combs rollers brushes
The path followed by an electrical current from its source through conductors, and back to its source is called a
complete circuit
Before brushing or combing hair that has been curled with an iron, ensure that the hair is:
completely cool
Which lines curve inward, like the inside of a sphere?
concave
Which of the following profiles has an inward curve, often the result of a dominant, protruding forehead and chin
concave
Which of the following profiles has an inward curve, often the result of a dominate, protruding forehead and chin
concave
The blow dryer attachment that focuses the airflow to a mall area is called
concentrator
Since silver and copper transmit electricity, they are called:
conductors
Since silver and copper transport electricity easily, they are called:
conductors
Surfactants (detergents)
contains a lipophilic molecule contains a hydrophilic molecule used to remove oil from the hair
A _____ converts direct current into alternating current
converter
Adding volume to the fringe are will visually shorten the length of the nose in which profile
convex
efferent
conveying away from the center
afferent
conveying toward a center
always file nails from
corner to center
The 3-strand underbraid is also known as what type of braid?
cornrows
Which of the following business types is owned by the shareholders and formed under legal guidelines
corporation
The layer of hair consisting of unique protein structures that give the hair most of its pigment and strength (elasticity) is
cortex
Which of the following terms identifies the technique used to check the balance and accuracy of a haircut by using the line opposite the original parting pattern
cross checking
Projection, also know as elevation, is the angle at which the hair is held in relation to the:
curl of the head
Overprocessed permed hair could be indicated by hair that may look:
curly when wet but frizzy when dry
Which of the following actions is recommended to avoid frizzing when working with synthetic fiber
cut the hair when wet
Eponychium
cuticle
The hard, resistant layer of protein that protects the hair shaft is
cuticle
Which of the following terms identifies the outer covering of the hair shaft made up of overlapping layers of the transparent scales
cuticle
Most of the activities or production of the call take place in the
cytoplasm
Hair design is a temporary change in: a) volume b) indentation c) form, texture,and color d) form, texture and direction
d
High gradation creates: a. no transparency b. low transparency c. medium transparency d. maximum transparency
d
Tinea Pedis refers to: A) Ringworm B) Athlete's foot C) Ringworm of the feet D) Both B and C
d
Which muscle straightens the fingers and wrist? A. Tricep B. Bicep C. Flexor D. Extensor
d
Parasitic fungi can cause noncontagious conditions, such as:
dandruff
Fine hair, which is generally less resistant, may appear to process in what manner when color is deposited?
darker
Hair consists of
dead keratinized cells-keratin
If a tool is free from dirt, oil and/or microbes, it has been:
decontaminated
It is often necessary to taper or thin a wig in order to
decrease bulk
The primary ingredient of most shampoo is
deionized water
Thread-like fibers that extend from the nerve cell and bring information to the cell body are called:
dendrites
Red hair color would be determined due to a:
dense concentration of pheomelanin
The number of active hair follicles per square inch on the scalp refers to
density
Which of the following descriptions is characteristics of semi-permanent colors
deposit color cannot lighten slightly alkaline in pH
What layer of the skin is often referred to as "true skin"
dermal
Which line is considered to be the artistic pattern or length guide while sculpting hair?
design line
Which electrotherapy treatment can cause sebum to be broken down or blackheads to be liquefied, as in deep-pore cleansing?
desincrustation
Which of the following items is an oxidizing agent used with demi-permanent and permanent colors, lighteners and toners
developer
What type of bacteria is pneumonia
diplococci
When the salon profession applies the electrode directly to the clients scalp or face when using high frequency current, which method is being used
direct application
A current in which electrons move an even rate and flow in only one direction is called
direct current
This is a constant, even, uninterrupted flow of electricity traveling in one direction only:
direct current
Infectious bacteria can be easily spread in the salon in all of the following ways
dirty hands dirty fingernails unsanitary implements
Once a color formula has been mixed, any leftover product should be:
discarded
Chemical products to used to destroy most bacteria ( except bacterial spores), fungi and viruses on nonporous surfaces are called
disinfectants
Level of decontamination required in the salon and spa:
disinfection
Which of the following descriptions would be considered a universal precaution
disinfection salon equipment
What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional?
disulfide bond
When using galvanic current, what precaution must a salon professional take in order to prevent injury to the client?
do not use over broken capillaries
What technique involves lightening the hair and then recoloring to the desired tone
double process
In what direction should a blow dryers airflow be pointed
down the hair strand from the scalp to the ends
Guidlines for disinfecting a pedicure basin each day include
drain water from pedicure basin scrub areas behind the removable components use recommended amount of an approved EPA-registered disinfectand
For control and to observe the shrinkage factor, curly hair should be texturized while it is:
dry
All of the following describe the type of container disinfected tools or nonporous supplies are stored
dry covered disinfected
Sterilization standards require the use of a liquid sterilant and/or moist or:
dry heat
Which nerve cells carry messages from the brain to the muscles
efferent
Slithering, a technique in which the shear is opened and closed rhythmically while moving upward from the ends, is also called:
effilating
Very weka or fragile nails that are easily bent or broken
eggshell nails
A pull test is performed to check for which of the following conditions
elasticity
EMS
electrical muscle stimulation
Light, heat, chemical and magnetic changes are all produced by
electricity
When performing an electrotherapy procedure, what current conductor is used to bring the current from the appliance to the clients skin
electrode
When performing an electrotherapy procedure, what current conductor is used to bring the current rom the appliance to the clients skin
electrode
Which of the following services normally requires the use of sterilization procedures
electrolysis
The application of a specific electric current or piece of equipment for corrective and therapeutic benefits on the skin is called
electrotherapy
A pure substance made of only one kind of atom
element
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
elements
What is the shape of the hair follicle in tightly curled hair
elliptical
What is formed when two or more immiscible substances are united with the help of a binder
emulsion
any mixture of two or more immiscible liquids in which one liquid is dispersed in the other
emulsion
Which system is comprised of glands that manufacture chemical substances called hormones
endocrine
Oil or moisture under a nail enhancement may cause:
enhancements to lift/fall off
Which of the following layers of the skin does not contain any blood vessels?
epidermis
The live tissue at the base of the nail is called the
eponychilum
Hair color is influenced by the amount, size and distribution of:
eumelanin and pheomelanin
Depending on how frequently the piece is worn, a human-hair wig should be cleaned:
every 2-4 weeks
Which body system is responsible for eliminated solid, liquid and gaseous waste products from the body
excretory system
The portion of the haircut below the parietal ridge is known as
exterior
Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from other organism are called
external parasites
The condition in which the cuticle is lifted or missing is referred to as
extreme porosity
Three-sectioning is an effective way to measure the proportions of the:
face
The primary motor nerve of the face is
facial nerve
What hairpiece has a base that covers the crown, occipital and nape area
fall
what hairpiece has a base that covers the crown, occipital and nape area
fall
The outer and narrower of the 2 lower leg bones, extending from the knee to the ankle is
fibula
The cross-section, or diameter, of the hair shaft is much larger in coarse hair
fine hair
What is created by molding two complete alternating oblongs (shapings) that are joined and connected by a ridge
fingerwave
What is created my molding two complete alternating oblongs (shaping) that are joined and connected by a ridge
fingerwave
Always feed the ends of the hair all the way through the curling iron to avoid crimped or:
fishhook ends
In the perm procedure, proper end-paper techniques will eliminate crimps or
fishhooks on the ends of the hair
Which of the following skin lesions often occurs when cracks in the skin appear and skin loses its flexibility due to exposure to wind, water, etc
fissure
The metacarpus/ palm of the hand contains how many long and slender bones
five
In the case of a chemical injury to the eye, which of the following steps is recommended
flush the eyeball with lukewarm water for 15-30 mins
Hair grows from a tube-like pocket called the root sheath or a
follicle
Newsletters, birthday cards and thank-you cards are all ways to provide:
follow-up
A three- dimensional representation of shape is
form
Mary is performing a scalp massage on a client. Which of the following bones would be most affected by the massage Mary is offering?
frontal
Cascase pincurls are volume pincurls used to create which of the following results
fullness and height
The direct current used in electrotherapy treatment is
galvanic
What occurs when the circulatory system carries bacteria and their toxins to all parts of the body
general infection
Prior to performing a preliminary test curl, hair should be shampooed once using gentle massage movements and then
gently towel dried
The papilla supplies nourishment to the
germinal matrix
The main ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotion is
glyceryl monothioglycolate
The slits or tracks in the nail bed at the sides of nail on which the nail grows are called:
grooves
These are the tracks on both sides of the nail, through which it moves as it grows:
grooves, tracks
If a nail is lost through disease or infection, what may happen often to the regrown nail?
grows back distorted
When using electric clippers, the attachment that allows the hair to be cut to one exact length is the:
guard
The lips, soles of the feet, palms of the hands, and eyelids do not have
hair
Which of the following methods may be needed if a hair color service results in a darker color than the client desires
hair color removal technique
Which of the following items could be describe what helps determine the procession time and proper perm solution
hair porosity, elasticity, texture, and density
If a client requests a temporary hair straightening service which of the following methods should be used?
hair pressing
The two primary parts of hair are the hair fiber and the
hair root
Which area of the head should you avoid thinning the hair?
hairline
Which base control is the most commonly used during a perm service?
half-off base
Which base control involves holding the hair 90 degrees from the center of the base
half-off base (half base)
Which of the following wig types simulates natural hair growth and creates a natural look
hand knotted
The comb used to protect the scalp when performing curling iron techniques should be made of
hard rubber or non-flammable material
What effect does acid have on human hair, skin, and nails
harden and shrink
In additions to tension and perm solution, what do acid perms use to perform the procession action
heat
What is a major function of the sudoriferous gland
help regulate the body tempeture
The function of a curl activator is to provide moisture and
help retain shape of a new curl configuration
Why is it important to use a clients name
helps the client feel important
Apply 70% alcohol to the hair strand for five to seven minutes to remove which of the following products:
henna
An alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltages to produce heat is
high frequency
When cutting graduation, higher projection or elevation angles create:
high graduation
Which of the following lines are parallel to the horizon
horizontal
If your client has brittle/dry nails you should recommend
hot oil manicure
The largest bone in the arm is known as
humerous
Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water
hydrogen bonds
Nail bleaches and lighteners usually contain:
hydrogen peroxide
Permanent hair colors are mixed with
hydrogen peroxide
The living tissue under the free edge of the nail is the
hyponychium
The tissue beneath the distal end (free edge) of the nail and the finger or toe
hyponychium
The tissue beneath the free edge of the nail
hyponychium
The amount and density of the strands selected during the cap method in hair coloring will determine
if the effect will be bold or subtle
The bodys ability to destroy infections agents that enter the body is
immunity
Extreme breakage shortly after a relaxer service may be caused by:
improper neutralization
In what direction are eyebrow hairs tweezed
in the direction of hair growth
In what direction is the strip removed during a hair removal service using soft wax
in the opposite direction of the hair growth
The tax based on the profits (earnings) of a business is known as
income tax
What could be the cause of a perm not lasting as long as expected?
incomplete neutralization
Missing rods when applying perm solution will produce:
inconsistant curl formation
What temporary effect will a negative electrode pole produce when applying Galvanic Current during an electrotherapy treatment?
increase blood flow
Conversion layering is the most common cutting technique used to create:
increase-layered forms
Renting or leasing a workstation from a building owner would represent which of the following situations:
independent contractor
If the client is holding the active elected while the salon professional manually stimulates the area being treated, what method of high-frequency current is being used
indirect application
pediculosis
infestation with lice
paraonychia
inflammation of the tissue/skin/epidermis surrounding the nail
onychocryptosis
ingrown nail
Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the:
insertion attachment to the origin attachment
Materials that do not allow a current to pass through them are called:
insulators
Which type of hairpiece attachment allows the clients hair to be pulled through for blending purposes
integration
The portion of the haircut above the parietal ridge is know as
interior
To avoid ingrown toe-nails (onychocryptosis) do not file or clip
into the corners of the nails
The 3 strand overboard is also know as the french braid
invisible braid
Before performing any nail service, the nail tech should attempt to find out if the client
is diabetic
What may happen to the skin if an area is subject to pressure or friction?
it may become callused
The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a
joint
Lumps or swelling along the hair shaft is known as trichorrhexis nodosa or:
knotted hair
To produce large curls, wave formations or body waves, it is necessary to use
large diameter tools
Risorius
laughter
Which of the following guidelines is true if the client has a heart shaped fave shape
leave fullness at the nape
What is the result of using higher projection when cutting the hair
less weight build up
What is the decrease in activity of melanocytes called
leukoderma
White spots on the nail caused by an injury in which a small separation occurs between the nail and the nail bed is called:
leukonychia
Of the following descriptions, which is the lightest hair color level
level 10
A virgin ammonium thioglycolate relaxer service may be performed after which of the following
light shampoo
Treatment with light rays or waves is called
light therapy
Which of the following statements describes how human hair is formed?
linking together of protein groups
Which of the following methods describes attaching hair fiber to the clients hair with a glue adhesive
liquid bonding
Successful salons are those whose staff members are effectively recommending their services and a quality line of retail products by doing all of the following
listening to clients offering sound advice communicating professionally
This is the technical name given to any electrical appliance
load
Perming resistant hair may require heat and a:
longer processing time
Which of the follow statements identifies what demi-permanent colors use to develop the color molecules and aid in the color processing
low volume hydrogen peroxide
A dimensional coloring technique that uses a darker color on selected strands is referred to as
lowlighting
Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called
lye relaxers
Which type of wig is difficult to style because the direction of the hair is determined by the position in which the weft is sewn to the cap?
machine made
How do you shorten a wig from the front hairline to the nape
make a tuck
Which type of insurance protects the salon owner from financial loss due to an employee's negligence?
malpractice
Who is the party responsible for distribution of Safety Data Sheets?
manufacturer
Once destroyed, which part of the nail will not grow again?
matrix
The active tissue that generates cells which harden as they move outward to form the nail plate is called
matrix
This portion of the nail effects its shape, size, and rate of growth:
matrix
anything that occupies space and mass (weight)
matter
An angle of 45 degrees would be considered what type of projection
medium
The central core of the hair shaft sometimes missing in fine or very fine hair is
medulla
Which type of mixing bowls may cause peroxide to weaken?
metal
Which of the following materials allow current to pass through it
metal water carbon
Which color products are available, but their use is discouraged?
metallic and compound dyes
Another term that means the same as germ or bacteria is:
microbe
All of the following curl rearranges are appropriately matches with recommended hair type
mild for fine hair super for resistant hair regular for average hair
In a double-process technique, after rinsing the lightener and checking for scalp abrasions you should
mix and apply toner
What type of design line is also called a traveling guide?
mobile design line
Taper shears, also known as thinning shears, are used on the ends of the hair to:
mobility
If artificial nails are lifting from the nail bed, this may cause:
mold and infection
Which of the following conditions is a disease caused by a virus
mump common cold respiratory infection
EMS is an alternating current used chiefly during scalp and facial massage to cause:
muscle contraction
Which nail structure consists of many nerves and blood vessels that supply nourishment?
nail bed
The nail root and nail matrix are located in this cup/pocket like structure
nail mantle
Contains the blood, lymph, and nerves from which new nail cells are generated:
nail matrix
Onychia is an inflammation of the:
nail matrix
The lunula is the half-moon shape at the base of the nail and is the visible part of the
nail matrix
onychophagy many increase the blood flow to the _____ and cause the nail to grow faster
nail matrix
The excessive heat often generated by electric nail sander may harm the
nail plate
A semicurcular fold of skin overlapping the nail plate on either side
nail wall
Select the description that could identify a feature when recommending a product:
natural bristles
The term used to describe the hair as the lengths lay or fall naturally over the curves of the head is known as
natural fall
Unless correction is required, match the foundation to the:
natural skin tone
Oxidation takes place during which phase of a permanent wave:
neurtralization
Water and olive oil are
neutral
The instrument used for trimming the cuticle
nipper
A shampoo type generally recommended for clients who are bedridden and cannot wet their hair is known as
non-aerosol powder dry shampoo
Bacterial cells that are harmless and can even be beneficial to humans are called
nonpathogenic bacteria
The epicranius is formed by two muscles called the frontalis and the:
occupitalis
Which type of base control is used to produce lift or strong curl effect?
off base
Having the stem and circle of a pincurl positioned below the base can be described as using which of the following base controls
off base (full stem
Which of the following products lighten the hair faster
off the scalp lightener
Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are:
ointments
When in use, how should manicuring / pedicuring implements be kept?
on a clean towel
The base control that results in maximum volume and maximum base strength is called
on base (full base)
How do you test the temperature of wax prior to applying it to your clients
on the inside of your wrist
On what area of the body would you not find any sebaceous glands
on the palms of hands and soles of feet
If a client has approximately 25%-30% gray hair, apply a color:
one level lighter than the desired shade
Catagen, a brief transitional phase, lasts for what amount of time?
only a few weeks
Atrophy or wasting away of the nail plate, may be the result of injury or disease:
onychatrophia
A thickening of the nail plate or an abnormal outgrowth of the nail is called:
onychauxis
The disorder in which the nail grows into the edge of the nail grooves, causing ingrown nails, is called
onychocryptosis
The nail disease referred to as ringworm of the nail is
onychomycosis
Any disease, disorder or condition of the nail is called:
onychosis
The latin/ medical term for nail is
onyx
The technical term for the nail is
onyx
the field of medicine dealing specifically with feet and related issues
opthomology
When two of the three primary colors are mixed in varying proportions, the three secondary colors produced are:
orange green violet
The muscle that circles the mouth and is responsible for contracting, puckering, and wrinkling the lips
orbicularis oris
the study of all chemicals containing carbon
organic chemistry
A cutting technique used to define the permeter hairline, such as the nape, is known as
outlining
Most nail techs consider the ideal nail shape is:
oval
Which face shape looks good with almost any hair design, length or texture?
oval
Hair that is held at a 45 degree angle above the center of the base and rolled to sit in the upper portion of the base is described by which of the following terms?
over directed ( volume base)
Permanent colors containing para-dyes would fall into which color category?
oxidative colors
Metecarpus
palm
On the human body, the thickets skin is located on the
palms and soles
The most common cutting position when giving a razor cut
palms down, razor above fingers
Most common cutting position when giving a haircut with shears is
palms up
electrolsysis uses electric current to damage the
papilla cells
The term used to indicate inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate/body
paronychia
Lines that subdivide shapes or sections to help distribute and control the hair are called:
partings
An uneven effect is created when cutting curly hair that is:
partly wet and partly dry
When a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system is called
passive immunity
Bacterial cells that may be harmful to the body are
pathogenic
A highly contagious condition usually spread by the use of shared hats, comb, and brushes
pediculosis
An infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice is:
pediculosis capitis
infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice
pediculosis capitis
what is an example of physical change
performing a haircut shattering a piece of glass performing a thermal style
What is the living tissue that overlies the nail plate on the sides of the nail
perionychium
What determines the size and shape of the new wave or curl pattern
perm rod
An example of an oil in water emulsion
perm solution
Why type of hair colors are capable of lightening natural pigment and depositing artificial pigment in one process
permanent
The muscle that causes the foot to invert and turn outward is the
peroneus longus
Which of the following ingredients in the main ingredients found in most neutralizers
peroxide sodium bromate sodium perborate
The outward reflection of inner feelings, thoughts, attitudes and values defines:
personality
Which massage movement deeply stimulates the muscles, nerves and skin glands?
petrissage
The formulation of synthetics wigs is bases on what type of product
petroleum
water freezing and becoming ice is an example of
physical change
Which of the following techniques is not recommended because it will create over direction of the wave
pinching or pushing the ridge
Dry dandruff characterized by small, dry, white scales; often results from poor circulation, and is known as:
pityriasis wapitis simplex
These warts, caused by the HPV Virus, are flat, hard, thick growths, usually occurring on the soles of the feet and sometimes look like a circle within a circle.
plantar warts
Try to avoid topic like religion, money, sex, romance, and which of the following items, even if the clients brings them up
politics
The small openings onto the skin from the sudoriferous glands are called
pores
The ability of the hair to absorb moisture, liquids or chemicals is known as:
porosity
Which of the following cosmetic classifications requires sifting until free of coarse gritty particles
powder
If the hair is more resistant to color, the hair colorist may need to:
pre-soften or pre-lighten the hair
To equalize the porosity of highly porous hair, it may be necessary to which of these products
pre-wrap product
The technique that defines turning first time clients into return clients is
prebooking
How is the smooth hair effect accomplished during a pressing service?
pressing the heated spine of the comb against the hair
A volt is a unit of electric
pressure
Why is it important to add disinfectant to water when diluting a concentrate
prevents foaming
Infection control procedures include sweeping and disposing of hair clippings
prior to perfomring an air forming service
Identify the environment used for the consultation that will help your client feel comfortable sharing confidential information:
private area
If redness and swelling were found around the test area when performing a predisposition test, which of the following steps should NOT be taken?
proceed with the service
Reduction takes place during which phase of a permanent wave:
processing
The design principle that refers to a gradual change in an ascending or descending scale is know as
progression
The primary purpose of the free edge of the nail is to
protect the tip of the finger/ and or toe
To protect parts of the hair strand not being processed during a relaxer retouch service, what should be applied
protective cream
Chains of amino acids
proteins
A secondary lesion appearing as round, dry patches of the skin covered with rough, silvery scales is called
psoriasis
Condition describes a forward growth of the cuticle covering most of the nail plate/body
pterygium
Which of the following conditions refers to an excess of living skin that can remain attached to the nail plate and disrupt normal nail growth
pterygium
When performing a procedure for cleaning and disinfecting tools, which of the following steps would occur first
put on safety glasses and single use gloves
FDA regulatory authority does not extend to the following:
quats
open-ended questions
questions that allow respondents to answer however they want
This bone is found in the forearm and on the same side as the thumb:
radius
The hollow of the finger wave may be described by which of the following
recess
After completing a service, it is important to update the clients
record card
Used to convert alternating current to direct current:
rectifier
Which of the following color groups are considered the three pure colors
red blue yellow
Tinea pedis appears as itching and peeling of the skin on the feet and must be:
referred to physician
When performing a relaxer service, an acid balanced neutralizing shampoo or stabilizer is used after the hair is free of chemicals and excess moisture to
reharden the hair
In electrical measurements Ohms indicate
resistance
If the layers of the cuticle are very close together the hair has which type of porosity?
resistant
Which type of porosity may take longer to absorb hair color?
resistant
Sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands, sensory nerve endings, arrector pili muscles and a major portion of each hair follicle are found in the
reticular
Which finger should be placed in the finger grip to control the still blade when holding shears?
ring
A red, circular patch of small blisters on the skin or scalp caused by a vegetable parasite is known as tine or
ringworm
Thickened white skin and watery blisters between the toes are indications of:
ringworm of the feet/ tinea pedis
Tinea capitis refers to
ringworm of the head
If perm solution comes in contact with the client's eyes or skin which of the following actions should be taken?
rinse thoroughly with with tepid water
To remove all chemicals after the hair has been neutralized, the hair needs to be
rinsed
To prepare the nail lacquer for use, it should be
rolled between the palms of hands
Two oblong shapings that alternate result in which of the following patterns?
s shaped
Earning additional payment based on the number of clients a salon professional brings into the salon is what type of compensation?
salary plus commission structure
A decontamination procedure designed to reduce the number of pathogens on surfaces and tools, or, retard/slow down their growth
sanitation
The lowest / weakest level of decontamination is known as:
sanitation
Antiseptic solutions (including most shampoos, soaps, and alcohol) have what effect:
sanitize
A highly contagious animal paradise referred to as the itch mite
scabies
The large flat bone extending from the middle of the back upward to the going where it attaches to the clavicle is
scapula
Key product information, such as toxicology, first aid, fire fighting measures and ecological information, is provided by the ?
sds
What helps protect the hair and skin from becoming too dry
sebum
Using a combination of hand-tied and machine-made processes results in which of the following wig types?
semi-hand tied
What type of pincurl is used to achieve a blend or transition from areas of volume to areas of closeness?
semi-stand up
Molding refers to designing wet hair in straight or curved lines to create a pattern and is also known as:
shaping
The technique used to position the shears parallel to the comb while moving both upward in unison is called
shear over comb
For the comfort of the client, it is essential that the hair be damp throughout, when cutting with which of the following tools?
shears
Which of the following cutting tools is used to create clean blunt edge
shears
When giving a pedicure with a foot and leg massage you should not massage over the
shin bone
Dropping an electrical appliance into water, making it a foreign conductor, causes a
short circuit
Areas of the skin that exhibit redness, swelling, pus, disease, bruises and/or appear broken or scraped:
should not be massaged
The bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called:
side bonds
As it cuts hair, the moveable blade of the clippers moves
side to side
The folds of skin on either side of the nail groove are
sidewalls
The diameter of the tool or pincurl will determine the
size of the curl
When using pincurls, what determines the width and strength of a wave?
size of the curl
Which system is the physical foundation of the body?
skeletal system
Slightly closed shears move down the strand to produce a rapid length increase in which of the following techniques?
slide cutting
Which of the following actions will produce a mild stimulating sensation while using high-frequency current
slightly separating the electrode from the skin
What would be achieved by using a pincurl with a closed circle
smaller stronger wave
Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified, fall under which of the following classifications?
soaps
If curl reforming is desired, make sure hair was not previously treated with:
sodium hydroxide
What product should NOT be applied to hair that has been previously permed with ammonium thioglycolate?
sodium hydroxide
What product should NOT be applied to hair that has been previously relaxed with a thioglycolate relaxer
sodium hydroxide
Which ingredient is found in the stronger of the two most commonly used chemical relaxers
sodium hydroxide
All of the following are terms that describe chemical services that can change tightly curled hair to curly or wavy hair
soft curls reformation curls double-process perm
What effect does alkaline/base have on human hair, skin, and nails
soften and swell
Which type of form is sometimes referred to as a one-length or blunt cut?
solid
Which of the following cosmetic classifications represents a mixture of two or more kinds of molecules, evenly dispersed
solution
A solution has at least two parts or components, the solvent and the solute, the part of the solution dissolving eh other part is referred to as the
solvent
A substance able to dissolve another substance is known as
solvent
a substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called
solvent
Applying pressure to motor points will have which of the following effects
soothe and stimulate nerves and muscles
A temporary effect of the positive pole of galvanic current
soothes nerves produces an acidic reaction slow blood flow by contracting the vessels
Corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells are called:
spirilla
Onychorrhexis is a term indicating the nail condition called:
split or brittle nails
a communicable disease refers to a disease that is
spread from one person to another
The front hairline and jawline are almost horizontal in which face shape
square
What bacteria form in grape-like bunches or clusters?
staphylococci
A constant, stable guide to which all lengths are directed is referred to as
stationary design line
Which component of a curl determines the amount of movement of a section of hair
stem
Bacteria that form spores can only be destroyed by using a product labeled as sporicidal or by:
sterilization
Level of decontamination in the medical setting
sterilization
The highest / strongest level of decontamination is known as:
sterilization
A substance that will kill germs, microbes, and bacterial spores on contaminated tools and other non-porous surfaces
sterilizer
Precautions to take when using chemical disinfectants
store implements in a cool, dry area tightly cover and label all containers purchase chemicals in small quanitities
Generally, hair from India is wavy and hair from Asia is:
straight
Where does mitosis or cell division of the skin take place?
stratum basale
The layer of the epidermis that is shed and replaced constantly is
stratum corneum
An amp is a unit of electric:
strength
Volts measure what?
strength
Pus-forming bacterial cells that form in long chains and cause blood poisoning are called:
streptococci
In alkaline perms, the perm solution chemically breaks or reduces the
strong disulfide bonds
If the technician causes bleeding to occur during a nail service, they should use:
styptic powder / powdered alum
Why are human hair wigs more expensive
supply of human hair is limited
The alkalinity of cold waves causes the hair fiber to soften and
swell
The resting stage of hair growth when the hair bulb has no attached root sheath is referred to as
telogen stage
The coordination of which two muscles enables the body to perform chewing (mastication)
temporalis and masseter
Coloring procedures used on human-hair wigs or hairpieces can include all of the following
temporary rinses semi-permanent colors fillers or low-level (darker) oxidative colors
An example of a load
tesla high frequency current
The degree of coarseness of fineness of the hair fiber is refered to as
texture
The degree of coarseness or fineness of the hair fiber is referred to as
texture
The visual appearance or feel of a surface that creates interest within a design is called
texture
Cutting shorter lengths within the form to reduce bulk and create closeness
texturizing
What is the natural flow or wave pattern of hair determined by
the angle of the follicle
When applying artificial strip eyelashes, begin with the shorter, or inside lashes, and position them midway between the inside corner of the eye and
the curve where the iris begins
Which of the following statements identifies the action performed by oxidative color after initial application
the hair strand swells
The diaper of hair fiber will be the same as
the inside diameter of the hair follicle
The ideal salon arrangement has an efficient traffic pattern providing
the least steps for the client and salon professional to travel
Electrical current is defines as
the movement of electrons along the path called a conductor
Hair that has been pulled out from the roots can grow back under which of the following circumstances?
the papilla has not been destroyed
Using a hand-held dryer while simultaneously using the fingers to style the hair is an example of:
thermal designing
What hair addition method involves applying heat to melt the addition to natural hair?
thermal fusion
How do lymph nodes indicate infection in the body?
they swell
The move blade of the shears is controlled by the
thumb grip
Super strength ammonium thioglycolate relaxer is used for which of the following hair conditions?
tightly curled, coarse- textured hair conditions
A highly contagious condition commonly called athletes feet
tinea pedis
The apex refers to what part of the head
top
The hairpiece worn by men to cover bald or thinning hair is called
toupee
knoSmall cracks starting in the cuticle and splitting the hair entirely are known as brittle hair, fragilitis crinium or:
trichoptilosis
A solid mass in the skin that may be elevated or deep, soft or hard, fixed or freely movable is called a
tumor
The determination on whether a specific product should be continued as a retain item based on the number of
turnovers
A hard press refers to applying the pressing comb
twice on each side with more pressure and heat
When performing a curl reformation service, the perm tool diameter chosen is generally at least how many times larger than the diameter of the natural curl pattern
two
The bone located on the little- finger side of the lower arm is called
ulna
Bacteria that cause skin infections can be killed by:
ultraviolet light
Bacteria that causes skin infections can be killed by
ultraviolet light
The bodies first line of defense
unbroken skin
When the tool sits in the lower portion of the base, but not on or below the parting, which tool position is being used?
under directed curl
What could be the cause of weak or limp curls following a perm service
underprocessing
A layered cut or 90 degree angle cut is sometimes referred to as
uniformly layered form
Time periods describes how long hair pressing results last
until next shampoo
The most natural looking result of the design line is achieved when cutting the hair in which of the following head positions
upright
What is the proper procedure for dealing with tools and multi-use supplies that have not come in contact with blood or body fluids
use an approved EPA-registered disinfectant
What base toner would be used to produce a neutral blonde on prelightened yellow hair?
violet
Small doses of ultraviolet light may help the body produce:
vitamin d
The folds of the skin overlapping the sides of the nails
walls
If a client's hair and skin coloring falls into the yellow, red and orange category, it would be classified as:
warm
The tone of a hair color can be described as
warm, cool, or neutral
Verruca is a name given to a variety of:
warts
Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain
water
universal solvent
water
Water left in the end papers after rinsing the perm solution will dilute the neutralizer and:
weaken the curl formation
Characteristics of a capless wig
weighs only a few ounces most popular consists of rows of hair wefts sewn to elastic
The concentration of length within a given area is defined as
weight
Wha tis the recommended to use for testing the temperature of a stove-heated pressing comb or thermal iron?
white paper towel
Leuconychia is a condition that usually presents as:
white spots/ streaks under the nails
A pincurl with an open circle has the ability to produce which of the following effects
wider wave pattern
Which of the following natural growth patterns forms from a point at the front of the hairline and curves to one siede
widows peak
When putting on a wig, cover the client's hair with a fine net or a:
wig cap
Which hairpiece is made up of hair fibers six inches or less in length attached to a round-shaped, flat base?
wiglet
