Cpsc Chapt. 1

What is the difference between a syntax error and a logical error?

A syntax error occurs when you use misuses any type punctuation or words built into the coding language. Logical Error are mistakes that cause a program to produce erroneous results.

What is the difference between operating system software and application software?

An operating system is a set of programs that manages the computer's hardware devices and controls their processes. Application software refers to programs that make the computer useful to the user. These programs solve specific problems, or perform general operations that satisfy the needs of the user. Word processing, spreadsheet, and database packages are all examples of application software.

The job of the ____​​______ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and produce some outcome or resultant information.

CPU

Internally, the CPU consists of the ____​​______ and the _____​​_____.

Control Unit, ALU (ALU= Arithmetic Logic Unit)

_____​​_____ languages are close to the level of humans in terms of readability.

High

A program is a set of ____​​______.

Instructions

_____​​_____ languages are close to the level of the computer.

Low

____​​______ is the only language computers really process.

Machine

Both main memory and secondary storage are types of memory. Describe the difference between the two.

Main memory (ram) is a faster, less space, and temporary(erases when computer shuts off). Secondary (Hard drive) is memory that has more space but is a lot slower. Memory is stored when power is turned off

Both main memory and secondary storage are types of memory. Describe the difference between the two.

Main memory, or RAM, is volatile, which means its contents are erased when power is removed from the computer. Secondary memory, such as a disk or CD, does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer.

What is the difference between operating system software and application software?

Operating system is a program that leads the controls of the software and hardware Application software are made to perform a certain task

____​​______ are characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands.

Operators

Computers can do many different jobs because they can be ____​​______.

Programmed

____​​______ characters or symbols mark the beginning or ending of programming statements, or separate items in a list.

Puncations

A variable must be ____​​______ before it can be used in a program.

defined

A(n) __________ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.

hierarchy chart

A(n) ___​​_______ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.

hierarchy chart

_________ is information a program gathers from the outside world

input

___​​______ is information a program gathers from the outside world.

input

Words that have special meaning in a programming language are called ____​______ words.

key

The two general categories of software are _____​_____ and ____​​ ______.

operating sytems​, application systems

_________ is information a program sends to the outside world.

output

____​​_____ is information a program sends to the outside world.

output

A program's ability to run on several different types of computer systems is called ___​​_______.

portability

The three primary activities of a program are _____​​_____, ____​​____, and ___​​_______.

processing, input, output

Words or names defined by the programmer are called ____​______.

programmer defined symbols​

Since computers can't be programmed in natural human language, algorithms must be written in a(n) ____​​______ language.

programming

The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called ____​​_____.

syntax

A(n) ___​​______ is a named storage location.

variables

A(n) ____​______ is an example of a secondary storage device.

​hard drive