Crj 101 chapter 11 dr kumar

Approximately one out of every ____ adult American is under some form of correctional supervision

35

In England during the 11th century, those who broke laws were often held in_________ until it was time to impose punishment

Private estates

......bob spends most of his time in an isolation cell. He is also subject to strict rules and regulations and has no access to rehabilitation programs. Bob is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the___________ model of corrections

Punishment

Suppose you are convicted of driving under the influence of alcohol and you are ordered by the court to attend an event where the family members of victims killed as a result of driving under the influence speak about the effects of the crime. You have been sentenced to a(n):

Victim-impact panel

______ is considered to be the first penitentiary

Walnut Street Jail

One of the most important reasons that the Auburn system was favored over the Pennsylvania system was because the Auburn system:

Was able to turn a profit through convict labor

One of the main criticisms of the Pennsylvania system was that inmates:

Were not permitted to communicate with one another

Federal prison inmates are more likely to be:

Whife

If you were a woman being held while awaiting trial in The early colonial period of the United States, you would most likely be housed:

With other women, men, and even children

The term corrections can be traced back to the turn of the ______ century

20th

What has research indicated concerning the cost-effectiveness of private prisons?

Private prisons as just as expensive as government-run prisons to operate.

Most inmates are serving sentences for________ crimes

Public order

A punishment that involved no torture of corporal punishment for offenders and focused on reforming their behavior is based on_______ principles

Quaker

An early American judge who wished for an offended to repent for his or her sins or wrongdoings would most likely be inclined to sentence an offender to a(n):

Reformatory

......Tom has access to many different treatment programs..... Tom is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the_______model of corrections

Rehabilitation

The Elmira reformatory centered on the principles of:

Rehabilitation

......Finally, the prison where John is incarcerated is focused on John's success when he returns to the community. He spends most of his time preparing for release. John is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the__________model of corrections.

Reintegration

What did a study in Canada find concerning harsh punishments?

Researchers found that adolescents who received harsh punishment were more likely to be re-arrested

____________Is a perspective that focuses on the offender's responsibility to repair the hurt, damage, and injustice of the crime victim has experienced by making restitution and doing community service

Restorative justice

Researchers who study punishment believe that the motive for harsh punishment is not deterrence but:

Retribution

Research has indicated that offenders who participate in a victim-impact panel have______________ recidivism rates as/than offenders who do not participate in a victim impact panel

Similar

Jack and Jill are both convicted of armed robbery. At the sentencing hearing, the judge sentences Jack to ten years in prison and orders him to pay a fine of $1210 as well as restitution to the victims. Jill, on the other hand, is sentenced to only five years in prison and must pay a fine of $750; she does not have to pay any restitution. Jill's sentence, which is more lenient than Jack's for the same crime, provides an example of:

The chivalry hypothesis

Which of the following is true about the effectiveness of harsh punishments as a deterrent to crime?

The threat of punishment does not necessarily reduce crime

What has research found concerning the effectiveness of faith-based prisons?

Their effectiveness was not clear

Suppose Jack has been incarcerated in a prison where there is a focus on treatment. The prison views inmates as "sick" and tries to "cure" their criminal behavior. Jack is most likely incarcerated in a(n):

Therapeutic prison

The main goal of the corrections system is to:

Transform offenders into law-abiding citizens

.......The practice of exporting criminals to other lands, such as the American colonies and Australia, was referred to as:

Transportation

One of the most commonly used penal colonies during the late 1700s was:

Australia

One of the early forms of punishment in England was to hold convicts in abandoned ships, called

Hulks

The number of inmates housed in private prisons has ___________ in the past two decades

Increased

Convicts who were transported from Britain to American colonies to be sold to private individuals to act as servants for a period of time were:

Indentured servants

Suppose Jack is incarcerated in a facility where he makes shoes that are sold on the open market. He is subject to strict discipline and is not paid for his work. Jack is most likely incarcerated in a(n):

Industrial prison

If you were accused of committing a crime and have not been released on bail prior to your trial, you are most likely being held in a:

Jail

A Florida study found that inmates housed in private prisons had________________ inmates housed in state-run prisons

Lower recidivism rates than

The _________ is a report, published in 1974, indicating that rehabilitative efforts, for the most part, were having little to no effect on recidivism.

Martinson report

Which of the following statements is true about workhouses?

Men, women, and children were kept separate from one another

The penal colony Isla Maria is located off the coast of:

Mexico

Which of the following was one of the lasting effects of the Martinson report of 1974?

Most prisons drastically cut funding to prison treatment programs or eliminated them altogether

In 1785 in Philadelphia, half of the individuals sentenced to jail were guilty of:

Not paying their debts

.............. the other lands that English criminals were often exported to are referred to as:

Penal colonies

The Auburn system differed from the Pennsylvania system in that inmates were:

Permitted to congregate during the day to work together in silence

If you have been convicted of a serious violent crime and have been sentenced to eight years of incarceration, you are most likely residing in a:

Prison

........The facility where people were confined and forced to work is called a:

All of the above -house of compulsory reformation -house of correction -workhouse

Penitentiaries embraced the principle of:

All of these answers are correct -solitude -solitary segregation -penitence or sorrow

The belief that harsh punishments reduce crime is based on the assumption that:

All these answers are correct. -potential criminals do not act impulsively -potential criminals weigh the benefits and costs of committing a crime before they make a decision -potential criminals are concerned about the future

If you were accused of a crime and were awaiting trial in the early United States, you would most likely be held in:

An ordinary house that served as a jailhouse

_______ system was a system of prison administration in which prisoners were isolated in cells at night but allowed to congregate during the day for work duty and meals, but in total silence

Auburn

Suppose you were housed in a prison where you spent all of your time working in a small cell and were not permitted to communicate with other inmates or family members on the outside. You were most likely housed in the:

Auburn prison

After a great debate over which prison system (Pennsylvania or auburn) was better, most prisons in America were modeled after:

Auburn system

__________ are more likely than any other racial or ethnic group to be incarcerated

Blaxks

How did citizens in sixteenth and seventeenth century England make sure that the punishment of offenders, particularly hanging, would have the desired deterrent effect?

By making the hanging a public event in the town square

........when John is released, he moves into a_______________, which is a community based residence that helps him reintegrate back into society successfully

Halfway house

Jack and Jill are both convicted of driving under the influence. Jack is sentenced to 9 months in jail while Jill is sentenced to 6 months on probation. Jill's sentence is an example of ________ corrections.

Community

The original purpose of a plague town was to:

Confine people in communities infected by the bubonic plague

The style of confinement under the Auburn system was called:

Congregate system

Industry experts expect that private prisons and faith-based prisons will:

Continue to grow in number

Newgate Prison in Connecticut was originally a:

Copper mine

The term_______ denotes society's efforts to punish and treat individuals who break the law, and thereby protect the public

Corrections

.......Sue finds herself in a prison that is filled with individuals serving very lengthy sentences as well as son low-level offenders, who she thinks should never have been incarcerated because their crimes are not as serious. Sue is most likely incarcerated in a prison that adheres to the___________model of corrections

Crime control

......The ships that were used to house offenders on riverbanks were called:

Hulks

One of the most significant reasons that reformatories fell out of popularity was because:

Educational programs were scarce in most reformatories

If you are housed in an institution that focuses on rehabilitation and religious services, you are most likely housed in a:

Faith-based prison

Historically, people believed that the only way to control crime was through severe punishments and:

Fear of being caught

The most traditional form of early punishment was:

corporal punishment

A new prison being built in Michigan includes back-to-back cells, used for sleeping only, and focuses on a system where inmates work together in silence during the day to turn a profit for the prison. Corporal punishment is used on inmates who violate prison rules. This prison is modeled after the:

Auburn system

If you were sentenced to row ships during the 1400s and 1500s in England, you were sentence to:

Galley slavery

Jack and Jill are both convicted of driving under the influence. Jack is sentenced to 9 months in jail while Jill is sentenced to 6 months on probation. Jack's sentence is for ________ corrections.

institutional

If Joe is incarcerated in a prison where criminals are viewed as ill, and he receives treatment to cure his "illness," the prison is centered around the

medical model

Private prisons have gained popularity in the United States because of

overcrowded prisons

Eventually, correctional philosophy shifted from punishment to ________, characterized by changing individuals from offenders into law-abiding citizens.

rehabilitation