Cronk IS 2500 Chapter 4 Review

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________ is a feature of social institutions that means mechanisms are in place to determine responsibility for an action.

Accountability

Which of the following is not a U.S. federal law affecting private institutions?

Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act

Which of the following protects the authors of a book from having their work copied by others?

Copyright law

Which of the following is the most common reason that business systems fail?

Data quality

Which of the following adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to circumvent technology-based protections of copyrighted materials?

Digital Millennium Copyright Act

Which of the following terms refers to significant disparities in access to computers and the Internet among different social groups and different locations?

Digital divide

The use of computers to assemble data from different sources to create digital dossiers of detailed information about individuals is known as which of the following?

Profiling

Which of the following is not true about the GDPR?

The GDPR rejects the right to be forgotten.

European countries do not allow businesses to use personally identifiable information without consumers' prior consent.

True

Gaining unapproved access to a computer is a federal crime.

True

Malicious software that is installed secretly on your computer by other applications and that tracks your online movements is called spyware.

True

Microsoft's Internet Explorer 11 web browser no longer includes an opt-out of tracking policy as the default.

True

Most Internet businesses do very little to protect the privacy of their customers.

True

One of the key concepts in patent law is originality.

True

Some experts believe that exposure to computers reduces intelligence.

True

Some forms of illegal sharing of music files have declined as legitimate online music stores have expanded.

True

The European Parliament has banned unsolicited commercial messaging.

True

The problem with web browsers' Do Not Track options is that websites aren't obligated to honor these settings.

True

Web beacons are tiny, invisible software programs hidden in email messages and web pages that are used to track and report a user's online behavior.

True

Digital media differs from a physical book in all of the following ways except:

ease of establishing uniqueness.

The Online Privacy Alliance:

encourages self-regulation to develop a set of privacy guidelines for its members.

CVS refers to:

eyestrain related to computer display screen use.

In 2010, the FTC added all of the following recommendations to its privacy guidelines except:

firms should limit the length of time that any personal data is stored to six months or less.

The ethical "no free lunch" rule states that

if something someone else has created is useful to you, it has value, and you should assume the creator wants compensation for this work.

Redesigning and automating business processes can be seen as a double-edged sword because:

increases in efficiency may be accompanied by job losses.

When a cookie is created during a website visit, it is stored:

on the hard drive of the visitor's computer.

In the ________ model of informed consent, personal information can be collected until the consumer specifically requests that his or her data not be collected.

opt-out

The U.S. CAN-SPAM Act:

requires commercial email senders to identify themselves

Which of the following ethical guidelines suggests that you put yourself in the place of others, and think of yourself as the object of the decision?

the Golden Rule?

"Look and feel" copyright infringement lawsuits are concerned with:

the distinction between an idea and its expression.

According to ________, you should take the action that produces the least harm.

the risk aversion principle

The FIP principle of Notice/Awareness states that:

websites must disclose their information practices before collecting data.

All of the following are technical solutions to protecting user privacy except:

data use policies.

Which of the following resulted in an outage for Netflix customers on Christmas Eve 2012?

A failure of Amazon's cloud computing service

Which of the following were involved in what has been called the patent trial of the century?

Apple and Samsung

________ is a feature of law-governed society and involves having laws that are known and understood, along with the ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly.

Due process

Although online tracking gathers an enormous amount of information on individual users, it is anonymous and can't be tied to a specific person.

False

COPPA is a set of five principles developed by the FTC that most American and European privacy law is based on.

False

Due process is a feature of political systems and allows individuals to recover damages done to them by others.

False

Identifying the stakeholders—people who have a vested interest in the outcome of the decision—is the last step in analyzing an ethical issue.

False

Software programs were unprotected by copyright law until the early 1990s.

False

Spam is a form of computer abuse

False

Which of the following is the world's largest collector of online user data?

Google

Which of the following U.S. laws gives patients access to personal medical records and the right to authorize how this information can be used or disclosed?

HIPAA

A man steals from a grocery store in order to feed his starving family. Which of the following best expresses the utilitarian principle in evaluating this situation?

His action is acceptable, because the higher social value is the survival of the family.

Which of the following best describes Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative?

If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone to take.

Which of the following is not one of the current key technology trends that raises ethical issues?

Increase in data quality

Which of the following is a primary drawback to the "do anything anywhere" computing environment?

It blurs the traditional boundaries between work and family time.

Which of the following best describes the effect that new information technology has on society?

It has a ripple effect, raising new ethical, social, and political issues.

Which of the following is not protected by copyright law?

Machines

FIP principles are based on a belief in which of the following?

Mutuality of interest between the record holder and the individual

Which of the following is a data analysis technology that finds hidden connections between data in disparate sources?

NORA

What percent of global Internet users use Google Search and other Google services?

Nearly 80 percent

The NAI is an industry association formed to help with which of the following?

Online privacy issues

Which of the following is not a file-sharing service?

Pandora

________ grants the owner exclusive ownership of the ideas behind an invention for 20 years.

Patent law

The obligations that individuals and organizations have concerning rights to intellectual property involve which of the following moral dimensions of the information age?

Quality of life

The obligations that individuals and organizations have regarding the preservation of existing values and institutions fall within which of the following moral dimensions of the information age?

Quality of life

Which of the five moral dimensions of the information age does spamming involve?

Quality of life

Which of the following occurs when muscle groups are forced through tens of thousands of repetitions under low-impact loads?

RSI

________ are not held liable for the messages they transmit.

Regulated common carriers

________ means that you accept the potential costs and obligations for the decisions you make.

Responsibility

Copyright is a legal protection given to creators of certain types of intellectual property.

True

________ prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the individual specifically takes action to approve information collection and use.

The opt-in model

Ethics describes the principles of right and wrong that can be used by individuals to make choices to guide their behavior.

True

Which of the following best describes how new information systems can result in legal gray areas?

They result in new situations that are not covered by old laws.

Which of the following forms of protection of intellectual property requires that the property be the subject of a nondisclosure agreement?

Trade secret

A Facebook user's visit to a website can be tracked even if they do not click a Like button.

True

Advances in data storage and rapidly declining data storage costs have been responsible for multiplying databases on individuals maintained by private and public organizations.

True

Any intellectual work product that isn't based on public knowledge can be classed as a trade secret.

True

Because of their special claims to knowledge, wisdom, and respect, professionals take on special rights and obligations.

True

Computer abuse refers to acts involving a computer that may not be illegal but are considered unethical.

True

In an examination of 50 of the most popular websites, researchers discovered that which of the following was the only one that had no tracking files?

Wikipedia

All of the following are steps in the process for analyzing an ethical issue except:

assigning responsibility

Advertisers use ________ in order to display more relevant ads based on a user's search and browsing history.

behavioral targeting


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