DECA

To manage potential risks resulting from unethical conduct, many companies build internal infrastructures that promote and enforce ethical practices. This internal infrastructure is likely to include appropriate audit procedures, a code of conduct, and a __________ policy.

Whistleblower. (One way to manage potential risks resulting from unethical conduct is to build an internal infrastructure that promotes and enforces ethical practices and offers incentives to behave ethically. This internal infrastructure typically includes appropriate audit procedures, a code of conduct, a committee to develop the code, training for employees about the code, and a whistleblower policy. A whistleblower policy encourages and enables employees to report unethical behavior or actions without fear of negative repercussions such as demotion or firing. A credit policy is a guideline for a business to follow in controlling the use of payment plans that allow customers to purchase now and pay later. Monetary policy is the government policy that determines the amount of money that will be in circulation and the level of interest rates. Constituent policies are public policies that apply to the government or nation as a whole. Constituent policies include national security, foreign affairs, diplomacy, etc.)

To expand into foreign markets, an American business owner acquires a small manufacturing plant in Thailand. Which of the following entry modes is the business owner using to expand the company internationally?

Wholly owned subsidiary

Which of the following is an example of an unethical activity that relates to risk management:

Withholding information from insurance underwriters

When a nation can produce a product for less than other nations, it is said to have a(n):

absolute advantage

Businesses often maintain records about vendors' pricing, delivery terms, and credit policies and use the information in the records to:

award purchasing contracts

A business's philanthropic responsibility involves its contributions to:

charity

Austin has discovered that he has the ability and aptitude for communications and public relations. Since he enjoys talking in front of people and is very at ease when doing so, he has decided that he wants to go into public speaking. Austin has demonstrated:

choosing an appropriate career

Accountants are legally required to follow established guidelines when preparing financial documents to ensure that the information presented is:

clear and consistent

Copylt Printing Company employs several delivery drivers. Last year, the local police cited two of the company's new drivers for causing accidents that resulted in passenger injuries and vehicular damage. The printing company later discovered that the drivers were cited for numerous traffic violations while employed for other companies. To avoid hiring unsafe drivers in the future, the company should:

conduct background checks on job applicants

For privacy and security purposes, businesses should use encryption techniques and firewalls to protect customers when they:

conduct online financial transactions

According to the classical theory of unemployment, the best solution for unemployment is to:

cut wages

Jonas is a data scientist at a research firm. Part of his responsibilities include looking through his firm's databases and eliminating redundant data. Jonas is performing:

data normalization

The first step in maintaining an inventory of supplies for the business is to:

develop a list of supplies that the business needs

Connor thinks that he may be interested in pursuing a career as an insurance underwriter. He accessed a government website, which provided him with information about an insurance underwriter's educational requirements, typical job responsibilities, salary ranges, and:

employment outlook

Employees who are involved in production scheduling are responsible for:

estimating how long each step in production will take

An increase in free-flowing capital is a benefit of:

financial globalization

Businesses often use computer spreadsheet software for "what if' financial planning by plugging different numerical data into formulas, which provide possible:

financial outcomes

Financial information management is responsible for collecting, maintaining, and reporting data about financial transactions. Business managers often use these data to:

forecast financial inflows and outflows

In order to manage your time effectively, all of the things that you want to accomplish should first be:

identified

Axis Manufacturing produces high-quality locomotive engines. Traditionally, the company has produced its own parts for its engines, but now it is considering purchasing parts from a specialized dealer. To determine how this change will influence company costs and revenues, Axis Manufacturing should conduct a(n) _______________ analysis.

incremental

Mr. Edwards saved some confidential customer information from his employer's computer network onto a flash drive so that he could work on a project from a different location. Without realizing it, Mr. Edwards dropped the flash drive in a parking lot on his way to a meeting. This situation is an example of a risk related to:

information security

When sharing ideas, consensus-building group members should:

listen actively to other group members

A potential investor can assess a stock's volatility by comparing the highest paid price in the past 52 weeks with the:

lowest paid price in 52 weeks

Gathering and communicating financial information that businesses can use to plan the business's operations is the focus of _______________ accounting.

managerial

Good governance is most likely to make a company's investment decisions:

more ethical

Jan is sending her resume to QRS Industries because her friend told her that the company plans to hire several new salespeople during the next few months. This is an example of:

networking

Stockholders monitor a business's income statement because they are the business's:

owners

Qualified employees who behave unethically on the job may harm themselves by being

passed over for promotions

Qualified employees who behave unethically on the job may harm themselves by being:

passed over for promotions

The reason why an employee should report an employer's noncompliance with safety regulations is to:

protect the well-being of the business's employees and customers

The two basic types of business risk are:

pure and speculative

Employees from different departments participate in a group to solve problems related to the company's production processes. This is an example of a:

quality circle

Employees from different departments participate in a group to solve problems related to the company's production processes. This is an example of a:

quality circle

Noreen, a human resources manager, wants to find applicants for several job openings at her company. She attends job fairs, places ads online, and partners with an outside employment agency. This aspect of staffing is known as:

recruitment

Usually during an economic recession, the prices of goods and services will rise very high while the value of money decreases. At the same time, many workers receive an increase in their nominal wages. These workers will be willing to pay the rising prices because their wages are rising by the same amount. This is a good example of the effects of ____________ prices.

relative

Usually during an economic recession, the prices of goods and services will rise very high while the value of money decreases. At the same time, many workers receive an increase in their nominal wages. These workers will be willing to pay the rising prices because their wages are rising by the same amount. This is a good example of the effects of ________________ prices.

relative

If a company is managing its information effectively, the data should be accurate and:

relevant

Sara doesn't take responsibility for her decisions and actions, and she often feels bitter because she thinks others have treated her unfairly. She is experiencing:

resentment

A credit plan that allows customers to make purchases that are within their credit limit and pay all or part of the balance due each month is referred to as a(n) _______________ credit plan.

revolving

credit plan that allows customers to make purchases that are within their credit limit and pay all or part of the balance due each month is referred to as a(n) _______________ credit plan.

revolving

Using appropriate software to protect confidential data that are stored on a company's computer systems is an important part of managing:

security risks

When developing a request for quotation (RFQ) for prospective vendors, a business should always include:

specifications and deadlines

Randall is working extra hours this week at his after-school job, and now he's not sure if he'll have enough time to study for his finals. He's starting to feel a lot of pressure and tension, also known as:

stress

new employee left JRB Manufacturing two weeks afters/he completed the company's training program. The expense of training the new employee is a(n) _______________ for the company.

sunk cost

To make sure he develops a realistic personal budget, Marcel should always:

track and record his expenses

When Armand is comparing his checkbook balance with his bank statement, he must make sure that he has subtracted the _______________ from his checkbook.

transaction fees

When developing a web page, it is best to:

use short blocks of text

Writing a letter to your grandmother is an example of:

verbal communication

Lean operations focus on increasing efficiency by reducing _______________ , while Six Sigma focuses on continuously improving _______________ throughout the business.

waste, quality

A business's balance sheet lists $3,800 in cash, $15,125 in accounts payable, $2,775 in taxes, $10,350 in machinery and equipment, and $6,280 in salaries. Calculate the business's total liabilities.

$24,180. (A business's balance sheet shows the business's financial condition at a certain point in time. It includes all assets, liabilities, and the owner's equity. Total liabilities—the debts the business owes—include items such as accounts payable, salaries, taxes, and long-term notes such as mortgages. Total liabilities do not include cash or machinery and equipment, which are considered assets. To calculate the business's total liabilities, add the figures for accounts payable, taxes, and salaries ($15,125 + $2,775 + $6,280 = $24,180).)

Amelia places $250 in a savings account that pays 6.25% interest compounded annually. Calculate the value of her savings account in two years.

$282.23

You want to have $8,000 in three years to purchase a car. You can earn 4% compound interest on your investment. How much should you invest today?

$7,111.75. (To determine how much you should invest today, calculate the present value of your investment using the formula Present Value = Future Value / (1 + Interest Rate)Number of Years. So, the present value of your investment is equal to $8,000 / (1 + 0.04)3. To solve this equation, first add one to the interest rate (1 + 0.04 = 1.04). Next, raise this sum to the third power, which is the same as multiplying the sum by itself three times (1.043 = 1.04 X 1.04 X 1.04 = 1.1249). Finally, divide the future value of your investment by this product ($8,000 / 1.1249 = $7,111.75). To have $8,000 in three years, you need to invest $7,111.75 today.)

Using the information in the following project plan schedule, calculate the number of hours a business is allocating to complete Tasks 2 and 4 during the third week: Task Wk 1 Wk 2 Wk 3 Wk 4 Wk 5 1 10hrs 15hrs 15hrs 25hrs 20hrs 2 15hrs 30hrs 10hrs 10hrs 15hrs 3 25hrs 10hrs 35hrs 20hrs 10hrs 4 30hrs 25hrs 20hrs 25hrs 35hrs

30

How does analysis of standard costs differ from analysis of a budget?

A budget analysis provides an overview, while standard cost analysis shows the details of variances.

Supervised by the Federal Reserve Board, The DAB Company provides investment advisory services, insurance underwriting, securities underwriting, and merchant banking services. What does the DAB Company exemplify?

A financial holding company. (Because financial holding companies provide a wide variety of financial services and related products, the Federal Reserve Board supervises their activities. The primary services that an accounting firm provides include accounting, tax preparation, auditing, and bookkeeping services. Some financial holding companies may offer accounting services. Commodities investors invest their funds in goods (futures) such as grains, livestock, raw materials, etc. A central bank is often responsible for determining interest rates, controlling the nation's money supply, and regulating the banking industry. The Federal Reserve is an example of a central bank.)

An economy with a high unemployment level tends to have:

A lower rate of inflation. (When a lot of people are out of work, they lose their buying power, which means less money is in circulation. Because unemployed people have less disposable income, the demand for goods and services is low, which tends to slow or lower the rate of inflation (rise in prices). The amount of monetary policies that the government establishes does not affect unemployment rates. When the GDP grows, an economic expansion is occurring, which indicates that people and businesses are spending money and the unemployment levels are low.)

Which of the following would be out of place in a follow-up letter after a job interview:

A question about salary or benefits

Which of the following professional relationships is most likely to be successful:

A real estate agent and an insurance broker refer clients to each other

Which of the following people would make the best entrepreneur:

A risk-taker who has a strong work ethic. (Entrepreneurship requires risk-taking, a strong work ethic, and self-confidence. It often requires working much longer hours than 9-to-5. Entrepreneurs must work hard, but they are also in charge of protecting their own health. Getting sick means missing work and losing money.)

What is an important aspect of a customer-centric business?

Aligning business activities with customer needs. (A customer-centric business focuses on customer needs and wants. To focus on the customers' needs and wants, the business must ensure that its business objectives and activities align with its customers' needs and wants. A customer-centric business must continuously improve its processes and products to accommodate its customers' changing needs and wants. The business cannot be satisfied with the status quo. A customer-centric business allows its employees to provide input and make decisions in relation to customer relationships. Touch points are all of the opportunities that businesses have to connect with customers and reinforce their brand value. A customer-centric business is not likely to reduce the number of customer touch points.)

A company purchases an expensive new software system and divides the cost of it between the two departments that will use the system. This is an example of cost:

Allocation. (Cost allocation is the assignment of costs to cost objects, such as a project, a department, a customer, etc. The company in this example allocates the cost of its new software system to two departments. This is not considered cost accumulation, dividing, or precision.)

Which of the following is an example of unethical behavior in the workplace that involves confidential information:

An employee tells a coworker how much the sales manager earned in bonuses last year

Which of the following equations should employees know when they are verifying the accuracy of a business's balance sheet:

Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity. (A balance sheet is a financial statement that captures the financial condition of the business at that particular moment. Three main elements are included on the balance sheet—assets, liabilities, and owner's equity. Available cash is one part of the business's total assets. If the assets do not equal the liabilities when the liabilities are added to the owner's equity (Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity), information on the balance sheet is incorrect.)

What type of financial statement includes an accounting of the shareholders' equity for a company?

Balance sheet. (The balance sheet gives a summary of a company's financial health at a specific point in time. It contains two major sections: a listing of the company's assets and a listing of its liabilities. The liabilities section also indicates the shareholders' equity, which is the value of all the outstanding stock owned by shareholders. Shareholders' equity is determined by subtracting the liabilities from the assets. The income statement, also known as the profit-and-loss statement, shows a company's profitability over a specific period of time. The cash flow statement tracks the money that comes into and flows out of a company. An annual report is not a type of financial statement, but it does contain financial statements, along with a good deal of other information about the company.)

When filing a tort against a business, the plaintiff must establish that the defendant:

Breached the duty of care. (The duty of care is the basic principle that expects all individuals and businesses to exhibit socially responsible behavior by using caution to prevent harm and by watching out for one another. A tort is a private wrongdoing that potentially harms another person or entity. If a business or one of its employees breaches the duty of care, the business may be held liable for the tort. However, the plaintiff must have grounds or proof that establishes that the business or its employee (defendant) has committed a wrongful act, thereby breaching the duty of care. Intentional damage and conspiring with a competitor (collusion) are types of torts. The doctrine of sovereign immunity is the universally accepted principle that each nation has the right to manage its own government and develop its own laws.)

Which of the following job duties belong to a person who works in corporate finance:

Budgeting, financial planning, and implementing capital structure

What is one of the benefits to a business of reinforcing service orientation through communication?

Builds positive relationships with customers. (A service orientation is the business philosophy of providing quality service. One way to do this is to communicate effectively with customers so they trust the business. The benefit of creating trust by providing accurate and credible information is that it tends to build positive relationships with customers. Customers often remain loyal to a business if they have confidence that the business will treat them well and provide quality service. The purpose of reinforcing service orientation through communication is not to promote the sale of new products, reward customers for their support, or encourage employees to be aggressive.)

What is the first step Cameron should take to protect himself from identity theft after he loses his wallet?

Cancel all of his credit and debit cards. (Identity theft occurs when somebody uses another individual's name and personal information (e.g. credit cards) for fraudulent purposes. The first thing Cameron should do when he realizes he has lost his wallet is to cancel his credit cards. By canceling the credit cards, Cameron will protect himself in the event that someone finds his wallet and attempts to use the credit cards. Financial institutions and businesses (e.g., retailers) issue credit cards, not government agencies. Cameron should contact the proper law enforcement authorities (e.g., police) if he thinks his wallet is stolen. He can report a lost wallet, and he can also change the passwords for his online banking accounts. However, the first thing he should do is to cancel his credit and debit cards.)

A characteristic of managerial accounting is that it focuses on:

Capturing the business's day-to-day financial activities. (Accounting is the process of keeping and interpreting financial records. Managerial accounting primarily focuses on capturing, maintaining, and interpreting the business's accounting information for internal use and decision making. Managerial accounting often summarizes information about the business's day-to-day financial activities, such as sales transactions (accounts receivable) and the monies the business owes others (accounts payable). Financial accounting focuses on capturing, maintaining, preparing, and reporting financial information to external audiences. Examples of financial accounting activities include preparing tax data for the government and developing the annual report for the business's stakeholders. The annual report usually contains information about the business's long-term investment goals.)

One advantage to businesses of using electronic funds transfer technology to collect accounts receivable is that it eliminates:

Check processing. (The technology of electronic funds transfer makes it possible for customers to pay invoices electronically so the cash is transferred from their bank account to the business's bank account. This eliminates the need for the business to handle checks, fill out deposit slips, and send the checks to the bank for processing. The cash is available immediately, and the business does not need to wait for a check to be processed before it can access the funds. The use of electronic funds transfer to collect accounts receivable does not eliminate liquidity reporting, sales discounting, or payee outsourcing.)

Which employee reports directly to a corporation's board of directors?

Chief executive officer. (The board of directors is the group of people chosen to govern the activities of a corporation. The board members are elected by the corporation's shareholders. The corporation's chief executive officer (CEO) reports directly to the board of directors. The vice president of operations is most likely to report to the CEO. The accounting manager and director of marketing are mid-level managers. The accounting manager is most likely to report to the vice president of finance, and the director of sales is most likely to report to the vice president of marketing.)

An organization with a quality culture would have executive-level managers who are:

Committed and involved and take responsibility for quality. (Executive-level managers are both committed and involved. They take responsibility for quality and do not delegate that responsibility. This is a characteristic shared by organizations with a quality culture. The alternatives remove the responsibility for quality from the executive-level manager and delegate it to others.)

Beverly, the new office manager, just completed a review of the last two years of accounts receivable data. In doing so, she discovered that there are erroneous duplicate entries totaling $25,628 in the system. Unfortunately, due to these duplicate entries, collection letters were sent to many customers who had already paid in full—customers who are angry with the company for sending them the letters. What should Beverly do to try to save these customer relationships and ensure that these customers are not bothered in the future?

Complete a data cleansing of the erroneous entries. (One of the quickest ways for a business to upset its customers is to accuse them of failing to pay their bills—especially when the business has already received payment from them. To ensure that these customers do not receive more erroneous collection letters in the future, Beverly should complete a data cleansing of the erroneous entries, removing them from the system. Completing an accounting software update isn't likely to have an effect on the erroneous entries. While it might be helpful to contact each customer by phone and apologize, Beverly needs to do more than that to ensure that the customers are not bothered in the future. The $25,628 is not a debt. It is the sum total of all the erroneous duplicate entries in the accounts receivable account.)

Which of the following is a responsibility of a managerial accountant:

Conducting a cost analysis and explaining the findings to management

What is a common course of action for small banking institutions interested in competing globally and improving their efficiencies, viability, and profitability?

Consolidating with larger banks

The process or activity of using goods is called:

Consumption. (Everyone consumes goods and services to satisfy unlimited wants. Production, exchange, and distribution are other economic activities. Production is the making or producing of goods and services. Exchange involves the exchange of money payments between producers and the owners of resources. Distribution examines how money payments are divided or distributed between resource owners and producers.)

Many computer software programs help businesses determine their levels of business risk, which is helpful when they develop:

Contingency plans. (A contingency plan is an alternative course of action. A contingency plan states specific guidelines that a business uses when responding to undesirable circumstances. Businesses often use computer software programs to obtain numerical data about their levels of risk in different areas of the business. They use this information to make business decisions and to help them develop alternative action plans when circumstances occur that increase or decrease risk at a given time. Content theories are theories of motivation that focus on internal needs, drives, and incentives that cause people to behave in a certain manner. An endorsement is approval by a reputable external source. Governments develop monetary and fiscal regulations. Risk management software programs do not help businesses develop content theories, endorsement records, and fiscal policies.)

Which of the following statements best describes the taxation of Roth IRAs:

Contributions are taxed, but withdrawals during retirement are not. (Contributions paid into Roth Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) are taxed. But, earnings on the growing funds in the account and withdrawals during retirement are tax-free. Unlike Roth IRAs, contributions to traditional IRAs are tax deductible, but investors must pay taxes on the withdrawals they make from these accounts during retirement.)

If Hannah wants to invest in the capital markets, what types of securities should she purchase?

Corporate bonds and preferred stock. (Capital markets buy and sell long-term securities. Corporate bonds, common and preferred stock, and treasury bonds are examples of securities that are sold on capital markets. Treasury bills and certificates of deposit are money market securities, which are short-term securities.)

Diana prepares bills and invoices for her company. Her career is in the area of:

Corporate finance. (Diana's job preparing bills and invoices for her company is in the area of corporate finance. The corporate finance function in a company is to manage policy and strategy for (and the implementation of) capital structure, budgeting, acquisition and investment, financial modeling and planning, funding, dividends, and taxation. Diana's career is not in the area of marketing communications, securities and investments, or professional selling. Marketing communications involves marketing activities that inform, remind, and/or persuade the targeted audience of ideas, experiences, goods/services, and/or images. The securities and investments industry consists of brokerage firms, investment banks, and stock exchanges, all of which support the flow of funds from investors to companies and institutions. Careers in professional selling involve marketing and management activities that determine customer needs/wants and respond through planned, personalized communication to influence purchase decisions and enhance future business operations.)

Identify the type of appeal used in the following persuasive message: "This new book is written by Dr. Juliet Browne, who holds a doctorate from the Harvard School of Medicine and is the Chair of the World Health Organization."

Credibility. (Credibility is achieved when the audience has confidence in the persuader. In this case, Dr. Browne's prestigious job title and degree lead the audience to believe she is a credible source. Reason is when logic is used to persuade someone to do something. It often involves solid facts and statistics. An emotional appeal affects the audience's feelings, such as sympathy or love. An appeal that uses shock value is a form of an emotional appeal that includes information that the audience would find shocking.)

Which of the following are examples of deposit-taking financial institutions:

Credit unions, savings and loan associations, and commercial banks. (Deposit-taking financial institutions accept funds from customers (depositors) and pay interest on the funds. Credit unions, commercial banks, savings and loan associations (banks), and mutual savings banks are types of deposit-taking financial institutions. A corporation is a form of business ownership that is owned by stockholders who have purchased units or shares of the company. Brokerages are financial intermediaries that sell securities. Insurance firms sell insurance and securities. Corporations, brokerages, and insurance firms are not types of deposit-taking financial institutions.)

Barry's family is originally from Ireland. Their customs, habits, and traditions are known as their:

Culture. (The customs, habits, and traditions of a particular group of people are known as their culture. Stereotypes are set images or assumptions about people or things. Diversity is all the ways in which people differ. Religion is a fundamental set of beliefs.)

Insecure people are often afraid to become assertive because they think they will:

Damage their relationships. (Insecure people are often anxious about their interpersonal relationships. They are afraid if they become assertive, they may ruin a friendship or end a relationship. Assertiveness is a risk they are unwilling to take. These people are dependent rather than independent and may already be considered childish because of their passive behavior that focuses on pleasing others.)

What do some investors use to hedge the risk of investing in the foreign exchange market?

Derivatives. (Derivatives are financial instruments whose value depends upon the value of other financial instruments or market indices. Investors frequently use derivatives to hedge or reduce the risk of investing in the foreign exchange market, which is sometimes volatile. The derivatives help to reduce the impact of significant fluctuations in foreign exchange markets. Emerging markets are financial markets in countries with developing economies. Emerging markets are usually receptive to foreign investment, but they are also more volatile and risky than financial markets in developed countries. Venture capital is invested money that is used for new business opportunities. No-load mutual funds have no up-front sales charges.)

The Davis Company requires customers to provide their banking information each time they pay by phone to eliminate the financial and legal risks associated with storing banking information. However, customers strongly desire the ability to quickly pay by phone and often do not have their banking Information available. The current situation is causing late and missed payments, resulting in lost revenue for the company. Dissatisfied customers experiencing late fees, who often rant about the company's poor service online, are creating a poor brand image for the company. Which of the following actions should the company take to best manage its legal, financial, IT, and brand risks:

Develop a way to encrypt and store customers' bank information in the company database for future use.

Colleen, a mid-level manager, has the kind of personality and communication skills that can motivate others to work toward the company's goals. Colleen can make the best use of these skills in which management function?

Directing

While conducting a staff meeting, the speaker noticed that Colin was texting on his smartphone. Colin's nonverbal behavior indicates that he was:

Distracted. (Nonverbal cues are the elements of communication that involve gestures and facial expressions rather than words. Nonverbal cues often express what the senders and recipients think about their messages. If Colin was interested in the meeting topic or was listening to the speaker, he would be directing his attention to the speaker. Since Colin was looking at his phone and texting, he was distracted and was probably not paying attention to what the speaker was saying. The speaker likely felt that Colin's nonverbal behavior was rude and inconsiderate. There is not enough information to determine if Colin was annoyed.)

When preparing a statement of equity, what does a business deduct from its total net income to obtain its retained earnings?

Dividends paid. (Retained earnings are the income that a corporation keeps after paying dividends to its stockholders. This amount, which includes any forwarding balance of retained earnings from the previous accounting period, is reported on the company's statement of equity, which is also called the statement of retained earnings. The depreciation of assets, sales tax payable, and bad or uncollectible debt are not included on the statement of equity.)

The section of the SEC website that houses companies' filings is called:

EDGAR

One way that individuals exhibit self-confidence is by being:

Enthusiastic. (Self-confidence is a positive belief in your own talents, skills, and objectives. When people are positive and believe in themselves, they usually are enthusiastic and display great interest or excitement in what they do. Confident people have a good attitude and display that attitude by being enthusiastic. Individuals do not necessarily exhibit self-confidence by being creative, emotional, or reserved.)

One way a leader can encourage others to work toward a shared vision is by:

Explaining how they will benefit. (People tend to work harder to achieve a vision or goal if they understand how they will benefit. Therefore, a leader should explain the benefits they will receive so employees will be encouraged to work toward a shared vision. Simply describing the objective or reviewing the new assignment will not encourage employees to work unless they also understand how they will benefit. Generating a profit is a benefit to the business that will not necessarily encourage employees to work unless they will share in the profit.)

Is the following statement about trade associations and professional organizations true or false: Once a law has been enacted, organizations/associations are unable to affect the way that law will be enforced.

False, organizations/associations often can change unfavorable regulations to more favorable ones. (Once legislation becomes law, administrative rules are often adopted to enable the regulatory agency to enforce the law. Organizations/Associations frequently are able to change unfavorable regulations to more favorable ones by serving as liaison between the industry or profession and the regulatory agency.)

At work, Bob is assigned to be on a team of five people that will create a new product. Which action can Bob take to participate in the team in a useful way?

Find out what other people in the group know about the product. (Starting a meeting by learning about others' knowledge of the subject identifies what your team knows—as well as areas where more work will be needed. Some ground rules are needed to let everyone know how the group operates. Otherwise, unacceptable behavior may occur. Unusual ideas should not be avoided. Often these are the breakthroughs that lead to success. Bob should use good listening skills, including making eye contact and using other nonverbal cues, to let others in the group know he is listening.)

Jon decided to promote Bill instead of Maggie to regional manager because he thinks that women aren't assertive enough in business situations. Jon is stereotyping on the basis of:

Gender. (A stereotype is a set image or assumption about a person or thing. When people stereotype others, they tend to classify certain people as a group that possesses certain characteristics. These characteristics are often based on distorted beliefs or unreliable information. A person who stereotypes others often fails to see an individual who possesses unique skills, values, and attitudes. Gender is one characteristic by which people often stereotype others. Assuming men are more assertive than women in business situations is a distorted belief. In fact, many women are very assertive in business situations. Ethnic stereotyping involves having false beliefs about a person on the basis of his/her race or culture. Stereotypes about religion involve having distorted beliefs about a person's spiritual practices. An individual who stereotypes by age might feel that younger people do not possess needed knowledge or that older people are feeble and lack adaptability.)

Which of the following is a long-term goal:

Getting a job at a publishing company

What is a type of informal communication that coworkers often use to communicate with each other?

Grapevine. (Grapevine is an oral communication method in which information is passed around the company but not formally announced or verified. Coworkers frequently discuss company issues and pass on information from one department to another through the grapevine. Employees often obtain information and communicate it to others through the grapevine before management makes an official announcement. Feedback is evaluative information given by supervisors to employees. Network is a system of contacts within and outside the organization. Structured is formal communication.)

According to most analysts, the three economic indicators that stock market investors and traders should pay the closest attention to are:

Gross Domestic Product, unemployment, and inflation. (According to most analysts, the three economic indicators that impact the stock market the most (and, therefore, the three that stock market investors and traders should pay the closest attention to) are the Gross Domestic Product, unemployment, and inflation. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the final market value of the total output of all goods and services produced within a country's geographic boundaries during a year's time. The stock market mirrors the GDP—if the GDP goes up, the stock market usually goes up with it. The unemployment rate is the percentage of the workforce that is unemployed. The stock market is inversely related to the unemployment rate—if the unemployment rate goes up, stock prices usually go down. Inflation is a rapid rise in prices that may occur when demand exceeds supply or when productivity declines and costs of labor go up. If inflation and interest rates both rise, the stock market will suffer. However, if inflation goes up while interest rates stay low, the stock market is likely to benefit. Overhead expenses and bond rates are not economic indicators.)

What is a primary responsibility of an investment bank?

Help firms raise funds by issuing securities

The key factors involved in compounding growth are the amount of money you invest, how much your investment grows each year, and:

How long your money is invested. (The most important factors to consider in compounding growth are how much money you invest, how much your investment grows each year, and how long your money is invested. Investing is using money to make money, which means that if you invest money in the stock market, for example, you are likely to make an average of 10 percent each year. As the years pass, your investment will grow tremendously because you will be earning interest on interest. So, it is beneficial to invest for as long as possible to earn the largest amount of compound interest as possible. How you earn the money that you invest, your educational background and career, and your mutual fund manager's education have a much smaller impact on compounding growth than time does.)

Some job application forms ask why the applicant left a previous job. Which of the following would be an acceptable answer to this question:

I was seeking a more responsible job." (This is a positive response which indicates that the applicant is interested in getting ahead and is willing to accept additional responsibility. A job applicant should not make negative remarks about his/her previous employer(s) or coworkers. Even though all of the other alternatives could be true statements, they are negative and will reflect poorly on the job applicant.)

One way to build professional relationships in the finance industry is to:

Implement a referral system. (A referral is a recommendation given to an individual or business by another individual or business. For example, satisfied clients may refer their friends, family, or colleagues to their financial planners for financial advice. This is one way that business people working in the financial industry can build professional relationships. A financial planner may implement a referral system or program to encourage clients or associates to provide referrals. A referral system might involve giving a free consultation or discount to a client who has provided the financial planner with a lucrative referral. Reading about industry trends and printing new business cards are not actions that build professional relationships. The finance professional must take action on the trends s/he has researched and distribute the business cards to others to begin building professional relationships. Because financial information is personal and confidential, people are usually selective with whom they share their information.)

Which of the following are factors that affect a business's decision to offer credit to a customer:

Income, debt ratio, and credit rating

What do bond yields typically do during an economic expansion?

Increase

What is a benefit of managing budgeting data efficiently through budgeting applications?

Increases management's confidence in budgets

Which of the following is a positive characteristic for the members of a corporation's board of directors to possess:

Independent thinking. (It is important for members of a corporation's board of directors to be able to think independently. This involves questioning current policies and proposed actions so that the board as a whole acts in the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders. Board members should also be open-minded and willing to listen to suggestions and different opinions so they can make informed, thoughtful decisions. Conformity often involves following or agreeing with others to "fit in" with the group. Conformity can lead to decision-making practices that do not look out for the best interests of the corporation and its shareholders.)

Which of the following characteristics tends to have a close relationship with initiative:

Industriousness

Which of the following statements regarding internal control systems is true:

Internal controls are a component of enterprise risk management

To control online transactional risks, a business should consider outsourcing its technology needs when it lacks:

Internal expertise. (An important aspect of controlling online risk is making sure that customers' transactions are secure. Online transactions require customers to provide confidential information (e.g. credit card numbers), so businesses must have the technological tools and expertise to prevent unauthorized access to the information. If a business does not have employees with the expertise to work with this technology, the business should consider hiring a consultant or firm that has the knowledge and training to handle its technological needs. Outsourcing requires a business to have the money (financial resources) to pay for the services. Secondary data are facts and figures that have been collected for purposes other than the project at hand.)

Which of the following is available to all people around the world who have access to a computer that has connectivity:

Internet

Which of the following statements regarding international trade is true:

Internet-based companies can easily become involved in international trade

Which of the following is a benefit of corporate governance:

It encourages transparency. (Corporate governance creates a more transparent business environment, which can increase investor confidence, create a defined brand, and minimize corruption.)

Which of the following describes the matrix organizational structure:

It is a combination of two other organizational structures. (The matrix organizational structure is a combination of the functional structure and the divisional structure. It includes traditional departments, but it is also broken down by division (including, but not limited to, product lines). As organizational design goes, it is a newer, rather than older, structure.)

Which of the following statements is true of quality control:

It must be measured in some way to be effective

Maureen becomes angry and defensive whenever her supervisor asks Maureen to correct mistakes. Maureen's attitude is not a good response to criticism because:

It prevents Maureen from hearing the criticism clearly. (Defensiveness raises a barrier between you and the speaker. Most of us feel angry or resentful when we are criticized, especially when the criticism is unjust. However, we cannot afford to exhibit this kind of attitude on the job. If Maureen listened with an open mind to the supervisor, she might learn not only how to correct her mistakes but how to avoid the mistakes in the future. Maureen's attitude indicates immaturity rather than a desire to call attention to herself.)

A country is experiencing civil unrest. What is likely to happen to the value of its currency?

It will decrease

Which of the following is an example of an employee respecting the privacy of a coworker:

Leaving the room when a salesperson takes a telephone call. (Successful employees realize the importance of respecting others' privacy in the workplace. When employees respect others' privacy, they are likely to gain the trust and respect of coworkers and managers. An employee who respects others' privacy would leave the room when a coworker (e.g., salesperson) takes a telephone call. Speaking up for a coworker, providing feedback, and answering a coworker's phone call are not necessarily situations in which privacy is being violated; there is not enough information provided to determine if intervention was requested.)

The general economic growth of a country is supported by its:

Level of productivity. (The general economic growth of a country depends upon its level of productivity. For example, the level of productivity in the United States has given the country a wealth of goods and services which allows its citizens to reach a certain standard of living. Gross domestic product is the final, total value of all goods and services produced within a country's geographic boundaries during a year's time. GDP serves as a measure of economic growth.)

If Fiona has a fatal accident or gets a terminal disease, she wants to make sure that her children's financial needs are met until they finish college. What type of insurance should Fiona purchase?

Life

Coaching is mostly about:

Listening. (Coaching is mostly about listening. It isn't really about talking or instructing. Listening is important because coaches must truly understand what the other person is saying and where s/he's coming from. Although organization is certainly helpful, it is not the most important skill in coaching.)

Effective financial-information management involves implementing processes that help companies:

Make appropriate business decisions. (Businesses track a variety of accounting and financial data. The data are presented as information to business people to evaluate and to make business decisions. In order for business people to make sound business decisions, the financial data must be accurate, current, and relevant. Making a decision based on incorrect or outdated data could be very costly to a business. Businesses use project-management software to track projects. Businesses implement effective financial-information management processes to be in compliance with government regulations. Businesses evaluate, rather than revise, economic indicators.)

Determining what consumers want in order to promote and sell those goods and services is a function of the business activity of:

Marketing. (Marketing is a primary business activity that involves creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Marketing is an important business activity because it identifies what consumers want and plans how to promote and sell those goods and services to the consumers. Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling business activities to achieve objectives. Production is the process or activity of producing goods and services wanted by consumers. Risk management is the business activity that involves the planning, controlling, preventing, and procedures involved in limiting business losses. It optimizes the relationship of potential loss to gain.)

It is important for companies to practice enterprise risk management (ERM) because:

Most risks are predictable and manageable. (Enterprise risk management is important and helpful because most business risks are predictable and manageable. If a company can plan for risks, it can minimize its losses. Although some risks are surprises, most of them are not. Not managing risks can cause loss of shareholder value. ERM should reduce business costs in the long run by helping a business avoid or manage risks that could lose money.)

When preparing a statement of changes in an owner's equity document, which of the following are specifically represented on the statement:

New investments by the owner

Which of the following is an example of a voluntary debtor-creditor relationship:

Obtaining a loan from a bank. (The debtor is the individual or business that owes money to another individual or business, which is the creditor. A business that obtains a loan from a bank is entering into a voluntary debtor-creditor relationship. It is voluntary because the business (debtor) is seeking to obtain funds from the bank (creditor) by going through a loan-application process. A monetary gift is given without expectations of repayment. A monetary gift and a request for information are not examples of debtor-creditor relationships. In tort cases, the court can order one party to pay punitive damages to the other party. This is an example of an involuntary debtor-creditor relationship.)

Alma is preparing a presentation about her department's budget to make to the company president. She wants to use a visual representation of the budget that shows parts in relation to the whole. Alma should consider using a:

Pie chart. (If Alma wants to illustrate her budget by showing parts in relation to the whole, she should use a pie chart. A table is a visual way of displaying information in rows and columns. A bar graph shows values across categories. Line graphs usually depict information over time. Although Alma might want to use these types of graphics for other parts of her presentation, the pie chart is the best way to show how the parts of her budget add up to form the whole.)

The most common headings on a stock table include the 52-week high and low, the stock symbol, the estimated dividend per share, the yield percentage/rate of return, the volume/sales for the day, the closing price for the day, the net change and the:

Price-earnings ratio. (Most stock tables include the price-earnings ratio, or PE ratio for short. The price-earnings ratio is determined by dividing the last closing price of the stock by the earnings per share. Investors often study the PE ratio to get an idea of whether the stock is overvalued or undervalued, compared to competitors. The earnings per share (EPS), net income, and stockholder's equity are not typically found on the stock table. The earnings per share tells investors how much profit goes to each share of common stock. The net income is the money remaining after operating expenses are subtracted from gross profit. The stockholders' equity is equal to the assets minus liabilities.)

When the U.S. federal government owes money to a contracted employee or business, the government must pay the employee or business according to the:

Prompt Payment Act. (When the U.S. federal government owes money to a contracted employee or business, the government must pay the employee or business according to the Prompt Payment Act. There are no U.S. legal requirements for financial exchange called "Early Bird," "Secure Contracting," or "Government Guidelines.")

In which of the following ways can employees contribute to the achievement of governance objectives:

Provide feedback to improve objectives

When Mr. Schwarz's order did not arrive at the expected time, he called Karl, the salesperson with whom he had placed his order. Karl apologized for the delay and told Mr. Schwarz that he would check into the issue. After Karl talked with the transportation company, he immediately called Mr. Schwarz to let him know where the order was and when to expect delivery. Mr. Schwarz thanked Karl for getting back with him so quickly. In this situation, Karl reinforced the company's image by

Providing efficient follow-up. (Customers often base their impressions of a business on the interactions they have with the business's employees. In the situation provided, Karl worked quickly to find out the status of the order and immediately called Mr. Schwarz with specific information about where the order was and when to expect delivery. This is an example of efficient follow-up. By providing efficient service, Karl is building favorable relationships with customers. There is not enough information provided to determine if Karl delegated work tasks to facilitate his follow-up activities or if he complimented Mr. Schwarz.)

Chris purchased 500 shares of microcap HRR stock. Then, he posted false information about HRR on several investment websites to hype up the stock. After driving up the price of HRR stock, Chris quickly sold all of his stock in the company and earned a large profit. The price of the stock then fell, leaving HRR investors with worthless stock. What type of investment scam did Chris commit?

Pump and dump. (Pump and dump is an investment scam that takes place mostly online. It typically involves scammers who buy a small stock and then hype it up to other investors, causing its price to rise. The scammers sell when the price is high, leaving the victims to deal with the rapid price decline afterwards. A pyramid scheme is an illegal form of multi-level marketing in which emphasis is placed on collecting initial fees from as many people as possible. A Ponzi scheme is an investment scam that lures in new investors by promising high rates of return with little to no risk. Phishing is an online identity-theft scam that fools its victims into believing they are submitting sensitive, personal information (such as credit card numbers or bank passwords) to a legitimate website.)

What type of variance analysis involves determining the difference between the standard costs and the actual costs of raw materials used for production?

Purchase price

When a business has been running successfully for several years, what would be a probable next financial step?

Purchasing a second location. (If a business has been running successfully for several years, it may be in the expansion stage of its life cycle. This could mean that the company would consider purchasing a second location. The company would acquire start-up funds, decide on financial goals, and determine product prices at a much earlier stage in development.)

Joan achieved her goal of being a junior partner in five years. This achievement has made Joan feel good about herself, so she has set a new goal to be a senior partner in 10 years. Joan has received which of the following benefits of goal setting:

Raises your level of self-esteem. (Raising your self-esteem increases your self-confidence and encourages you to go on to achieve other goals. Achieving one goal has raised Joan's level of self-esteem so that she feels capable of reaching a higher goal. Goal setting helps you understand yourself, stay on task, and measure your progress, but these benefits were not described in this situation.)

Financial planning can be described as a way to:

Realize what it takes to get the things you really want. (Financial planning is a good way to realize what it takes to get the things you really want. It is not a method for stopping all impulsive purchases nor is it a way to achieve your professional goals. And, even the best financial planning can't guarantee you'll retire with a substantial amount of money in the bank.)

Which of the following is an example of a change in the relative price ratio when the original price of red apples is $0.60 per pound and the original price of green apples is $0.80 per pound:

Red apples @ $0.90 per pound; green apples @ $0.80 per pound. (This is the only combination that resulted in a change in the relative price ratio. When red apples sold for $0.30 per pound and green apples for $0.40 per pound, the price of each was cut in half, and the ratio remained the same. When red apples sold for $1.20 per pound and green apples for $1.60 per pound, the price of each was doubled and the ratio remained the same. When red apples sold for $0.45 per pound and green apples for $0.60, the price of each was cut one-fourth, and the ratio remained the same.)

An advantage to businesses of using quality control methods is that these methods often:

Reduce costs. (It is often more costly not to provide quality than to use methods to increase quality. If businesses develop a reputation of providing low quality goods and services, they may lose customers, which is costly. Therefore, it is to the business's advantage to use quality control methods so the work will be done correctly rather than spend money to correct mistakes, handle customer complaints, and find new customers. Using quality control methods involves time, but it is time well spent to reduce the cost of correcting mistakes. Using quality control methods usually decreases waste. Some quality control methods might require directions which could be a disadvantage.)

How does forming a captive insurance company typically impact a corporation's federal tax liability?

Reduces tax due on the captive's premiums. (Even if it is not associated with an insurance company, an individual company, industry, or association may create a captive insurance company to specifically protect its parent group(s). The captive insurer aids its parent group(s) by reducing premium expenses, freeing up capital, and covering risks not commonly addressed by the greater insurance company. In addition, forming a captive insurance company can reduce, eliminate, or defer federal taxes due on the corporation's insurance premiums. A captive insurer typically decreases the tax due on a company's loss reserves. Forming a captive insurance company does not typically increase the corporation's sales tax liabilities, nor does it eliminate the corporation's state tax liabilities.)

Compliance in the finance industry involves financial institutions operating within:

Regulatory guidelines. (Financial institutions are required to follow governmental rules and regulations. Following these regulatory guidelines is the process of compliance. The purpose of compliance is to make the industry safe for consumers and to maintain the stability of the financial system. Compliance does not involve operating within specific territories, organization plans, or different relationships.)

In general, a governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) software system identifies and measures risk; monitors the risk-management system; routinely checks adherence to company-wide policies; and ensures compliance with:

Reporting requirements. (Demand for governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) software systems has grown significantly in recent years. Although GRC software can be customized to better meet individual business needs, it serves four basic functions. It identifies and measures corporate risk levels; monitors the risk-management system; checks to see that employees are adhering to company-wide policies; and ensures compliance with reporting requirements enforced by federal and state government agencies and other regulatory commissions. It is not designed to ensure compliance with union demands, product standards, or contingency plans.)

ChemTech International plans to build a new research facility, which is to be completed in two years. As an employee with ChemTech, your supervisor has requested that you produce a detailed document to send to potential vendors and contractors that outlines how they should submit bids to perform work for the new facility. The document is to contain instructions about the type of information the potential vendors should provide in their bids and the format in which the information should be presented. What type of document are you preparing?

Request for proposal

Keeping the end goal in mind refers to which standard of excellence that achievement-oriented people set?

Results. (Keeping the end goal in mind refers to being results-oriented, a characteristic of achievement-oriented people. They like being able to objectively evaluate their successes. They also value improvement, trying something new, and competition; however, these standards don't necessarily relate to keeping the end goal in mind.)

An example of a trade organization is the:

Retail Merchants Association

Recognizing your strengths and weaknesses helps you to accept yourself, which is one of the foundations of:

Self-esteem. (Self-esteem is the regard or respect that you have for yourself. People who have self-esteem understand themselves and like who they are. Social acceptance involves being accepted by others. Safety is associated with personal security and protection from harm. Self-fulfillment involves personal growth, achievement, and reaching one's fullest potential.)

When providing product information to clients, finance professionals should use:

Simple explanations. (When providing product information to clients, finance professionals should keep the clients' point of view in mind. Clients may not be familiar with finance industry jargon, technical terms, or acronyms. Therefore, finance professionals should use simple, clear language that clients understand. While standard responses are sometimes helpful to finance professionals, it is usually better to keep individual clients in mind when providing product information since different clients are likely to have different knowledge bases.)

Corporate governance is primarily concerned with __________ desires.

Stakeholders'. (Corporate governance is the system of rules and practices that control the company. Corporate governance revolves around balancing the desires of the stakeholders in a company. Corporate governance is not just concerned with the CEO's or vendors' desires; instead, it focuses on the desires of all stakeholders, including customers, financiers, the community, the government, and managers. Corporate governance is not necessarily concerned with a company's competitors' desires.)

Before DiAnn presents her new idea to her boss, she searches the Internet and jots down two statistics that reinforce the idea. This is an example of:

Supporting ideas with evidence. (Ideas that are evidence-based are more easily accepted than those that are not. Primary information is new information collected for the issue at hand. DiAnn is collecting secondary information, which involves obtaining information that has already been collected by others. The evidence does not create alternative ideas. It is meant to add validation to the original idea. Clarifying an idea involves explaining it in more detail.)

Seeing the big picture instead of smaller, individual parts is an organizational learning concept known as:

Systems thinking. (Systems thinking is an organizational learning concept that focuses on the big picture rather than seeing smaller, individual parts. Team learning means thinking and working together as a group. Shared organizational vision refers to sharing a mutual commitment to the future the firm seeks to create. Personal mastery is striving for individual learning as a means of advancing the organization.)

With the use of a presentation software program, Martin selects a standardized group of slides and enters the appropriate text and graphics in each slide. What is he using to design his presentation?

Templates

Colleen will vote next week on the new contract that her union has negotiated with management. Union and management are in the __________ stage of the collective-bargaining process.

Tentative agreement. (Tentative agreement is the stage at which union and management have agreed on the terms of a contract but still need union members to approve or reject the contract. Preparation and research occur before labor negotiations begin. A ratified contract is one that union members have approved. Contract settlement occurs when a ratified contract has been signed by union and management.)

Who typically reviews and approves the guidelines for running a corporation, which are also known as corporate governance policies?

The board of directors

What is the relationship between shareholders and the board of directors?

The board of directors represents the shareholders

Which of the following is not a key factor involved with compounding growth:

The risk of the stock market

Businesses usually invest in:

Themselves. (Businesses invest money just as individuals do, with the hope for a healthy return. Often, businesses invest back into themselves by researching and developing new products, purchasing the latest and most efficient technologies, expanding into new markets, etc. They may also invest in stocks, bonds, or real estate, but putting money back into the company is the most common form of business investment.)

A small restaurant wants to expand, but first it needs to raise funds. John wants to raise capital through debt financing, but his partner, Damien, isn't sure that's a good idea. What is one downside of debt financing that Damien could cite to prove his point to John?

They will have to pay interest on the borrowed amount. (A downside of acquiring capital through debt financing is that the borrower must pay interest on the money borrowed. This means that John and Damien will end up owing more than the amount of money they initially borrowed. In equity financing, stocks are sold to shareholders and those shareholders own a stake in the company. Damien and John would not be required to repay the money immediately.)

Why should managers know how to do the work of the workers they supervise?

To have realistic expectations for workers. (Even though managers don't do the actual jobs, it is important for managers to understand the jobs of the workers they supervise. This helps managers to know how workers should do the work, to be realistic in the amount of work they expect workers to complete, or even to fill in when workers are absent or there is an emergency situation of some kind. Managers do not need to know how to do the work to establish a chain of command. Coordinating employees' efforts and creating a team spirit are managerial responsibilities that improve the output of workers but are not related to managers' knowledge of the jobs to be done.)

Which of the following demonstrates a good security practice:

Tom checks the amount and date on all personal checks

Which of the following is a type of intangible business property that is protected by law:

Trademark (A trademark is a symbol, design, or word used by a business to identify a good or service and is registered with the government to prevent its use by others. A trademark is an example of intangible business property. Federal law protects a business's intangible property from being used by competitors. A business's inventory, acreage, and equipment are types of tangible property.)

What type of letter should a business include when sending copies of a contract to a vendor?

Transmittal. (A transmittal letter should always accompany important business papers, such as contracts, that are sent by mail. The purpose of the transmittal letter is to let the recipient know exactly what should be contained in the package and if the recipient needs to take any action. A transmittal letter accompanying contracts should indicate how many copies are included and if the recipient needs to sign and return a copy. An acknowledgment letter acknowledges the receipt of business papers. A claim letter requests a solution to a problem. A request letter asks for information.)

What should you do when you become annoyed with coworkers or customers?

Treat them the way you want them to treat you

Bobbi, who works for an insurance company, is responsible for calculating the risk of loss, establishing premium rates, and designing insurance policies to cover risk. Bobbi works as a(n):

Underwriter. (The work of underwriters is important to the insurance industry. Underwriters are responsible for calculating the risk of loss, establishing premium rates, and designing policies to cover risk. Many choose to specialize in life insurance, health insurance, or property and casualty insurance. Insurance agents are responsible for selling insurance policies and other financial services. Accountants are responsible for preparing, analyzing, and verifying a variety of financial data. Financial analysts evaluate companies and industries and make recommendations to buy, sell, or hold certain securities. Financial analysts are also known as securities analysts or investment analysts.)

Ethan is developing common-size financial statements so that he can compare financial performance across several different companies. Ethan is conducting __________ analysis.

Vertical. (Three common types of financial statement analysis are vertical analysis, horizontal analysis, and ratio analysis. When conducting vertical analysis, an individual calculates each individual item on a financial statement as a percentage of the total. After doing so, the analyst can develop common-size financial statements that allow him/her to compare performance across several years for a single company or across several different companies. Horizontal analysis, which is sometimes known as trend analysis, involves analyzing dollar amounts on financial statements for a single company across several years. Horizontal analysis does not involve the development of common-size financial statements. Ratio analysis involves the calculation of ratios based on a company's financial data. It allows analysts to compare numbers within a financial statement and determine the relationships among numbers on different financial statements. It can also be used to compare the performance of multiple companies.)

Ryan is a college student who is interested in becoming a teacher. Every Tuesday afternoon, he spends his free time tutoring second-grade students in reading and math at a local elementary school. What technique is Ryan using to obtain work experience?

Volunteering. (Volunteer work involves donating time without pay to complete tasks or projects. Because Ryan is tutoring in his free time, he is performing volunteer work. By volunteering to tutor students, Ryan can determine if he enjoys working with and teaching young children. Participating in these activities may help Ryan determine if he would like to pursue a career in teaching. Internships involve training in which schools and businesses cooperate to provide on-the-job practice for learners. Job shadowing involves observing an individual perform his/her daily job activities in the workplace. An informational interview involves talking with a business professional about his/her job.)

Which of the following are examples of agricultural products that are traded on commodity market exchanges:

Wheat,. livestock, and corn