Developmental Psych: Ch 1 HW

According to the Jewish holy book, __________ is the age of moral responsibility A) 10 B) 13 C) 18 D) 8

B

According to Freud, __________. A) everything important in development happens during childhood B) the oral stage lasts from about ages 3 to 6 C) children experience the anal stage that leads them to sexual desire for their other-sex parent D) the root of mental health problems in his patients was that they seemed to have experienced some type of traumatic event during the transition to young adulthood

A

Although Shanamae makes a good salary in sales, she is questioning whether her work in the retail industry is making a meaningful contribution to society. She is thinking of going back to school to train to be a nurse, so that she can give back to society by helping others. According to Erikson, she is in the stage of __________. A) generativity versus stagnation B) industry versus inferiority C) industry versus stagnation D) ego integrity versus despair

A

Dr. Jenks is interested in how mate selection is shaped by our evolutionary history. She most likely considers herself a(n) __________. A) evolutionary psychologist B) developmental psychologist C) social archaeologist D) biopsychologist

A

Dr. Kim decided to conduct interviews with middle school children because she wanted to hear from them in their own words. Her use of interviews is an example of __________. A) a research measurement B) an unbiased sample C) a theory D) confidential responses

A

Hypotheses refer to __________. A) forming a possible answer to a research question B) creating unbiased questions on a questionnaire C) choosing a research method D) developing a research design

A

The U.S. belief in the value of individual freedom, as demonstrated in its capitalist economic system and its governmental system of representative democracy, reflects which system of Bronfenbrenner's theory? A) Macrosystem B) Exosystem C) Chronosystem D) Microsystem

A

Unlike early hominins, Homo sapiens had __________. A) controlled use of fire B) a shorter period of dependency C) a narrower pelvis D) a slightly smaller brain

A

When Dr. McIntyre conducted her research with elementary and middle schools students, rather than having a space for a name, students were asked to come up with a password and write it on the top of their questionnaire packet. This was done to ensure __________. A) confidentiality B) generalizability of the findings C) informed consent D) debriefing of participants

A

Which of the following best represents the impact of evolution on human development? A) Once we developed the large brain that is the most distinctive characteristic of our species, we became capable of altering our environments. B) Instincts reduce humans' capacity for cultural learning more than they reduce animals' capacity for cultural learning. C) Our development of bipedal locomotion is the most distinctive characteristic of our species. D) Biologically, humans have changed drastically since the origin of Homo sapiens.

A

Which of the following statements is true? A) Culture made humans unique as a species. B) Biologically, humans have changed drastically since the origin of Homo sapiens. C) There are fewer than 10 cultures around the world today. D) We are a species that originated in south Asia.

A

About __________ of the world's population lives in developing countries. A) 95% B) 80% C) 60% D) 55%

B

Belinda's parents are divorced, but they work together to be sure that they have open lines of communication with their daughter's teacher and attend as many school functions as possible. The strong interconnection between Belinda's parents and the various aspects of her school is an example of the __________. A) macrosystem B) mesosystem C) exosystem D) chronosystem

B

For his post-doctorate research, Yani plans to study human development among indigenous cultures in the mountains of Peru. He plans to move to Peru to integrate with his study subjects, make social connections with them, and observe their daily life up close. Which type of research design is he using? A) A longitudinal design B) Ethnographic research C) A natural experiment D) A correlational design

B

If a researcher wanted to measure the socioeconomic status (SES) of her adult participants, she would need to ask them about which of the following? A) Religion B) Educational level C) Number of children D) Ethnicity

B

In the famous case of Henrietta Lacks, an African American woman's cancer cells were removed from her cervix without her knowledge by a surgeon right before her death in 1951. Researchers wanted to study these cells to learn about the genes that cause cancer and those that suppress it. The ethical requirement of __________ would protect against this happening today. A) generalizability of the findings B) informed consent C) confidentiality D) deception

B

One critique of Freud's theory is that __________. A) it reduced human behavior to only one motive: the need to be integrated into the social environment B) Freud never studied children C) he focused on culture much more than other aspects of development D) it was derived from studying his own patients, most of whom were middle-class men

B

The Dharmashastras are the sacred law books of the __________ religion that describe four stages of a man's life. A) Jewish B) Hindu C) Christian D) Buddhist

B

The __________ includes when, where, and with whom the data for the study will be collected. A) theory B) research design C) scientific method D) research measurement

B

Which of the following statements regarding research methods is true? A) The most commonly used method in social science research is the open-ended interview. B) The ethnographic method allows the researcher to learn how people behave in their daily lives. C) The strength of the case study approach is the ability to generalize the findings. D) Qualitative data are considered unscientific among most researchers in the field of psychology.

B

__________ include measures of genetic, hormonal, and brain activity. A) Interviews B) Biological measurements C) Observations D) Questionnaires

B

An approach to measurement is said to have __________ if there is a fit between the measurement approach and the everyday life of the people being studied. A) experimental design B) inter-rater reliability C) ecological validity D) test-retest reliability

C

Bram does not ever want to get married. The idea of a lifetime commitment makes him anxious and uncomfortable, and any time a girlfriend brings up the subject of marriage, he breaks up with her. According to Erikson, Bram will not successfully resolve the __________ crisis. A) autonomy versus shame and doubt B) generativity versus stagnation C) intimacy versus isolation D) identity versus identity confusion

C

The Dharmashastras, the Talmud, and the conception of life proposed by Solon __________. A) were written within a year of one another B) each divide the life span into 5-year periods C) see the final stages of life as a time of withdrawal and decline D) are all sacred law books of the Hindu religion

C

The three traditional conceptions of life (in the Dharmashastras, the Talmud, and as proposed by Solon) differ __________. A) in the stage of life when wisdom is evident B) in the level of maturity they attribute to youth C) in the way that they divide the life span D) in that only one is a view of how we develop if all goes well

C

Unlike earlier hominins, Homo sapiens had __________. A) a narrower pelvis among females and a larger pelvis among males B) much heavier and thicker bones C) brains that were less mature at birth D) a slightly smaller brain

C

When data are collected in nonnumerical form, it is referred to as __________. A) quantitative B) reliable C) qualitative D) structured

C

Which of the following statements best describes natural selection? A) Natural selection especially applies to a hunter-gatherer way of life. B) Natural selection pertains to ontogenetic development. C) In natural selection, the young of any species are born with variations on a wide range of characteristics. D) In natural selection, the young of any species evolve to fit outside of their ecological niche.

C

According to Freud, __________ is the driving force behind human development. A) trust B) attachment to one's mother C) cognitive development D) sexual desire

D

Bernice is planning to conduct a cross-sectional study for her dissertation. Which of the following is a limitation that she and her advisor discuss before she begins to collect her data? A) While the study will be able to show causation between age and the dependent variable, it will not be able to show correlation. B) It tends to be more time-consuming than longitudinal research. C) Subjects are likely to drop out of the study. D) Age differences may be due to cohort differences.

D

In Bandura's experiments with the inflated Bobo doll, the children's aggressiveness is __________. A) the control group B) an intervention C) the independent variable D) the dependent variable

D

The United States __________. A) is expected to have approximately the same proportion of Latinos by 2050, but far fewer African Americans B) is the developed country expected to experience the steepest decline in population between now and 2050 C) has a total fertility rate that is lower than most developed countries D) is one of the few developed countries that will experience an increase in population, due largely to immigration

D

The dramatic change in the development of the human species that took place during the Upper Paleolithic period was that, for the first time, __________. A) the development of tools ceased B) brains got larger C) jaws got larger to eat a wider variety of plants D) art appeared

D

The people who participate in the study are the __________. A) research measurement B) community C) population D) sample

D

Where does the developmental life stage of emerging adulthood usually appear? A) In collectivistic cultures B) In traditional cultures C) In developing countries D) In developed countries

D

Which of the following occurred during the Neolithic period? A) Humans began to bury their dead for the first time. B) Humans reached Australia for the first time. C) The climate got much colder. D) Animals were first domesticated.

D

Which of the following statements concerning the developmental period known as emerging adulthood is true? A) Compared to emerging adults of past generations, today's emerging adults are more dependent upon their romantic partners. B) Emerging adulthood is a period that replaces middle age. C) It is more common in developing countries than in developed countries. D) It is a life stage in which most people have not yet made commitments in love and work.

D

__________ generates hypotheses that can be tested in research. A) The research method B) An unbiased sample C) The research design D) A theory

D

__________ is a program intended to change the attitudes or behavior of the participants. A) An experimental design B) A correlational design C) A natural experiment D) An intervention

D