DEX IOT Study Questions

How many phalanges are in the foot? - (A): 14 - (B): 15 - (C): 20 - (D): 26

(A) 14 phalanges in the foot

Which of the following is not one of the three ligaments that support the ankle syndesmosis joint? - (A): ATFL - (B): PiTFL - (C): AiTFL

(A) ATFL

Jane has completed jumping jacks, her hands are now at her side. Which movement did she complete? - (A): Adduction - (B): Lateral Flexion - (C): Abduction - (D): Internal Rotation

(A) Adduction

The main deforming forces in the hallux valgus deformity are: - (A): Adductor hallucis and intermetatarsal ligament - (B): Abductor hallucis and flexor hallucis brevis - (C): Adductor hallucis and abductor hallucis - (D): Adductor hallucis and flexor hallucis longus

(A) Adductor hallucis and intermetatarsal ligament

What is the term for wasting or reduction in size of tissues following injury or surgery usually as a result of disuse? - (A): Atrophy - (B): Hypertrophy - (C): Avulsion - (D): Contracture

(A) Atrophy

The following are features of the Arthrex Distal Radius Volar Plate Except? - (A): Avoids FHL tendon disruption - (B): System versatility - (C): Plate designed with a tapered and scalloped distal edge - (D): Includes a plate elevator

(A) Avoids FHL tendon disruption Features of DRP: - System versatility - Tapered plate design with scalloped distal edge - Includes a plate elevator

An injury in which the tendon is completely separated from the bone sometimes along with a piece of bone attached is? - (A): Avulsion - (B): Bursitis - (C): Effusion - (D): Necrosis

(A) Avulsion

The largest bone in the foot is known as the: - (A): Calcaneous - (B): Navicular - (C): Talus - (D): Tibia

(A) Calcaneus

What is the main supportive protein of cartilage, connective tissue tendon skin and bone? - (A): Collagen - (B): Osseous - (C): Synvoial fluid - (D): Periosteum

(A) Collagen

The sustentacular or constant fragment typically remains in place due to this ligamentous attachment: - (A): Deltoid ligament - (B): ATFL - (C): CFL - (D): Spring Ligament - (E): None of the above

(A) Deltoid Ligament

What lines the inner surface of all bones? - (A): Endosteum - (B): Periosteum - (C): Fascia - (D): Collagen

(A) Endosteum

What bone articulates with both the distal radius and the distal ulna? - (A): Lunate - (B): Scaphoid - (C): Trapezium - (D): Capitate

(A) Lunate

The Lisfranc ligament attaches from...? - (A): Medial cuneiform to the base of the 2nd metatarsal - (B): Intermediate cuneiform to the base of the 2nd - (C): Base of the 1st metatarsal to the base of the 2nd metatarsal (D): None of the above

(A) Medial cuneiform -> base of 2nd metatarsal

What is a joint disorder in which cracks form in the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone? - (A): Osteochondritis Dissecans - (B): Rheumatoid Arthritis - (C): Osteoarthritis - (D): Osteoporosis

(A) Osteochondritis Dissecans

Ann stands on her "tip toe's" to reach her favorite dish in the cupboard. What is the movement of her ankles? - (A): Plantar Flexion - (B): Anterior Rotation - (C): Extension - (D): Dorsiflexion

(A) Plantarflexion

What is the correct order of the anatomic structures that course behind the medial malleolus, from anterior to posterior? - (A): Posterior Tibialis, FDL, NV Bundle, FHL - (B): FDL, Posterior Tibialis, NV Bundle, FHL - (C): FHL, Posterior Tibialis, NV Bundle, FDL

(A) Posterior Tibialis, FDL, NV Bundle, FHL Tom, Dick, ANd, Harry

___________ is a stretched or torn ligament. ____________ is a stretched or torn muscle/tendon. - (A): sprain; strain - (B): strain; sprain - (C): laxity; rupture - (D): rupture; laxity

(A) Sprain is a stretched or torn ligament. Strain is a stretched or torn muscle/tendon

What is the term for incomplete separation from joint complex? - (A): Subluxation - (B): Dislocation - (C): Rupture - (D): Necrosis

(A) Subluxation

Jillian is the cutest little baby, she is lying in her crib playing with the toy that is hanging above her. What position is Jillian lying in? - (A): Supine - (B): Extended - (C): Prone - (D): Flexed

(A) Supine

What nerve is most at risk during percutaneous screw placement for a proximal 5th metatarsal fracture? - (A): Sural - (B): Saphenous - (C): Superficial peroneal - (D): 5th interosseous digital nerve

(A) Sural nerve

What is a white fibrous cord of dense, regularly arranged connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone? - (A): tendon - (B): ligament - (C): meniscus - (D): periosteum

(A) Tendon

For an ankle fracture classified as a Danis-Weber type B a surgeon needs to be concerned about an unstable syndesmosis joint. - (A): True - (B): False

(A) True

A surgeonʼs start point with FibuLock is too lateral. What deformity at the fracture is possible? - (A): Varus - (B): Valgus - (C): Recurvatum (apex-posterior) - (D): Procurvatum (apex-anterior)

(A) Varus

Which answer describes the "Anatomical Position"? - (A): Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing to your side - (B): Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing forward - (C): Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing outward - (D): Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, palms facing back

(B) Anatomic position: - Standing erect - Facing observer - Arms at side - Palms facing forward

Which bone in the foot is broken the most frequently? - (A): Base of the big toe (1st digit Metatarsal) - (B): Base of the 5th Metatarsal - (C): Calcaneous - (D): Scaphoid

(B) Base of the 5th Metatarsal

What is the name of the theory stating that mechanical strength is greatest if a tendon is at its optimal tension and length? - (A): The Pythagorean Therorem - (B): Blix Curve - (C): Frank-Starling Curve - (D): Dead man's Curve

(B) Blix Curve

The most common type of distal radius fracture is: - (A): Smithʼs - (B): Colles - (C): Jones

(B) Colles fracture - dorsal displacement of wrist Smith's fracture - volar displacement; less common

When Mrs. Cicoria is mad, she taps her right foot on the floor. Which best describes her ANKLE movement as her foot lifts off the floor in an UPWARD motion? - (A): Plantar Flexion - (B): Dorsi Flexion - (C): Inversion - (D): Eversion

(B) Dorsiflexion

Mark is sitting in a chair, legs out in front of him resting on an ottoman. His knees are...? - (A): Hyperextended - (B): Extended - (C): Rotated - (D): Flexed

(B) Extended

Mrs. Cicoria is mad at Mr. Cicoria. Her posture is as follows...She is standing with her left foot pointed forward, her right foot is pointed out the side, her hands are on her hips, she is tapping her right foot up and down off the floor. Which answer best describes the action of her right HIP joint? - (A): Internal Rotation - (B): External Rotation - (C): Extension - (D): Flexion

(B) External Rotation

A 1st degree sprain/strain is more severe than a 3rd degree sprain/strain? - (A): True - (B): False

(B) False 3rd degree = more severe than 1st degree sprain/strain

Rheumatoid Arthritis is the most common form of Arthritis? - (A): True - (B): False

(B) False - Osteoarthritis

The majority of tendonitis is seen where the blood supply to that specific area is greatest. - (A): True - (B): False

(B) False - blood supply has diminished

Hyperextension of the MTP and Flexion of the PIP joints defines which of the following deformities? - (A): Mallet Toe - (B): Hammer Toe - (C): Tiger Toe - (D): All of the above

(B) Hammer Toe

Which movement is occurring at Mrs. Smith's right shoulder when she scratches an inch on her left shoulder? - (A): External Rotation - (B): Internal Rotation - (C): Circumduction - (D): Lateral Flexion

(B) Internal Rotation

Which BEST describes the action you complete every day when you turn OFF the ignition of your van? - (A): Supination - (B): Pronation - (C): External Rotation - (D): Internal Rotation

(B) Pronation

What bone articulates with the distal radius at the radial styloid? - (A): Lunate - (B): Scaphoid - (C): Trapezium - (D): Capitate

(B) Scaphoid

Jane feels compelled to do a few jumping jacks. Which movement is taking place as her hands come together above her head? - (A): Lateral Flexion - (B): Adduction - (C): Internal Rotation - (D): Abduction

(D) Abduction

Lisfranc injuries are commonly due to which of the following mechanism(s)? - (A): Motor vehicle accidents - (B): Falls from heights - (C): Athletic injuries - (D): All of the above

(D) All of the above

The "spring" ligament attaches to what two bones? - (A): fibula and calcaneus - (B): tibia and calcaneus - (C): talus and navicular - (D): calcaneus and navicular

(D) Calcaneus and Navicular

Which of the following terms is NOT used to describe the malposition of a fracture? - (A): Angulation - (B): Translation - (C): Shortening - (D): Comminution

(D) Comminution

Tom has just received his new Hoveround! As he prepares to get into his chair safely, he straightens and braces his left arm on the left armrest of the chair. He bends forward to flip up the footplate of the chair. Which movements have occurred at his ELBOW and HIP joints? - (A): Flexion of elbow, Extension of hip - (B): Abduction of elbow, adduction of hip - (C): Abduction of elbow, Flexion of hip - (D): Extension of elbow, Flexion of hip

(D) Extension of elbow, Flexion of hip

The ligament usually injured in a hyper-inversion of the foot (sprained ankle) is the: - (A): Anterior tibiotalar - (B): Posterior tibiotalar - (C): Medial Collateral - (D): Lateral Collateral

(D) Lateral Collateral Ligament

The tendon of peroneus longus... - (A): attaches to the navicular bone - (B): courses between quadratus plantae and flexor digitorum brevis muscles - (C): Both - (D): Neither

(D) Neither The peroneus longus courses behind peroneus brevis and inserts on the medial cuneiform and lateral side of the base of the 1st Met

The most common cause of flatfoot deformity is dysfunction of which of the following tendons? - (A): Flexor digitorium longus - (B): Flexor hallicus longus - (C): Anterior Tibialis - (D): None of the above

(D) None of the above

The following are risk factors to develop hallux valgus EXCEPT - (A): Metatarsus primus varus - (B): Incongruent orientation of first metatarsal cuneiform joint - (C): Pes planus - (D): Os Trigonum - (E): Rheumatoid arthritis

(D) Os Trigonum

What is the strongest ligament in the ankle syndesmosis? - (A): AiTFl - (B): ATFL - (C): CFL - (D): PiTFL

(D) PITFL

Which statement is correct? - (A): The inside of the thigh is lateral to the outside of the thigh - (B): The ankle is medial to the foot - (C): The knee is lateral to the hip - (D): The shoulder is lateral to the neck

(D) Shoulder is lateral to the neck

The talus articulates with all the following except: - (A): Tibia - (B): Fibula - (C): Calcaneous - (D): Navicular - (E): Cuboid

(E) Cuboid Talus Articulates with Tibia, Fibula, Calcaneus, and Navicular

When preforming a hallux valgus case, the bone that has to be excised after the medial eminence excision is: - (A): Fibular sesamoid - (B): Tibial Sesamoid - (C): Os Trigonus - (D): Both Sesamoids - (E): None of the above

(E) None of the above

What are the 3 important ligament complexes of the ankle?

- Syndesmosis - Lateral Ankle Complex - Deltoid Ligament

List the names of bones that make up the wrist joint.

- Trapezium - Trapezoid - Capitate - Hamate - Triquetrum - Pisiform - Lunate - Scaphoid - Radius - Ulna

How big are the TightRope XP gudiewires?

0.049 in / 1.2 mm

Where should the incision be made for the FibuLock entry point?

1 cm distal to the tip of the fibula

What are the storage requirements for ArthroCell? 1. Storage temperature 2. Shelf Life

1. -65° C (must be used within 4 hours after thawing) 2. 2-year shelf life

What are the dimensions of the TightRope XP's.... 1. Oblong button 2. Round button

1. Oblong - 3.5 x 13 mm 2. Round - 6.5 mm

What are the storage requirements for BioCartilage? 1. Storage temperature 2. Shelf life

1. Room temp storage 2. 5-year shelf life

What are the storage requirements for ArthroFlex? 1. Storage temperature 2. Shelf life

1. Room temp; ready-to-use 2. 3-year shelf-life

How thick is the TightRope Buttress Plate?

1.5 mm thick

What is the shelf life of Amnion Viscous?

2 years

How many distal screws can be placed through the FibuLock?

3 screws: 2 lateral-medial, 1 anterior-posterior

To what diameters do the 3.0 and 3.8 mm FibuLock nails expand to after talon actuation

3.0 nail --> 5 mm 3.8 nail --> 6 mm

How many degrees of angulation does the Buttress Plate allow for anatomic placement of the TightRope XP implants?

35° of angulation

What is the volume range for autologous fluid that can be processed in the Angel?

40 cc - 180 cc

What is the shelf life of Amnion Matrix?

5 years

MatraCell process for sterilization removes ____ % of DNA

>97% of DNA removed

What is ArthroFlex and what is its primary function?

Acellular dermal matrix Functions as a scaffold of collagen, elastin, and growth factors

What does the Offset guide do in the FibuLock instrument set?

Allows for drilling of guide wires 2.5 or 5 mm from an initial K-wire position

How much spacing is between the TightRope XP holes of the Buttress plate? What is the hole spacing of a standard plate?

Buttress plate - 22 mm Standard plate - 16 mm

What is the anatomic origin of the ATFL on the fibula? - (A): 9 mm proximal to the distal tip - (B): 12 mm proximal to the distal tip - (C): 15 mm proximal to the distal tip - (D): 18 mm proximal to the distal tip

C. 15 mm (1.5 cm) proximal to the distal tip

How many bones are in the foot? - (A): 16 - (B): 20 - (C): 26 - (D): 28

C. 26 bones in the foot

Hallux varus is usually due to the following pitfalls after hallux valgus correction EXCEPT: - (A): Excessive resection of medial eminence - (B): Overcorrection of IMA - (C): Excessive tightening of lateral capsule MTP Joint - (D): Excessive release of lateral structures

C. Excessive tightening of the lateral capsule MTP joint

Mrs. Smith has poison ivy on her shoulder, the poor thing. She reaches her right hand over to her left shoulder to "scratch that itch". Which movement is occuring at her ELBOW joint? - (A): Extension - (B): Circumduction - (C): Flexion - (D): Supination

C. Flexion

What two muscles make up your calf muscles and come together to form the achilles tendon? - (A): Flexor Hallucis Longus and Plantaris - (B): Flexor Digitorum longus and brevis - (C): Gastrocnemius and soleus - (D): Gastrocnemius and flexor hallucis longus

C. Gastroc and soleus

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of early mobilizations for patients that have undergone ligament repairs? - (A): Improved collagen organization - (B): Improved mechanical characteristics - (C): Increased atropy - (D): Improved circulation - (E): Improved function

C. Increased atrophy

A patient experiencing pain with shoe wear and swelling for several months located at the posterior aspect of their heel is more likely to have what type of Achilles tendon disorder? - (A): Midsubstance Achilles tendon rupture - (B): Plantar Fasciitis - (C): Insertional Achilles Tendonitis - (D): Gastroc Strain

C. Insertional Achilles Tendonitis

What is the most common motion responsible for lateral ankle sprains? - (A): inversion and dorsiflexion - (B): eversion and plantarflexion - (C): inversion and plantarflexion - (D): eversion and dorsiflexion

C. Inversion and plantarflexion

Tilt your head, bringing your right ear to your right shoulder. What is the movement of your neck? - (A): Rotation - (B): External Flexion - (C): Lateral Flexion - (D): Medial Flexion

C. Lateral Flexion

The Plantar Plate is the main stabilizer of which of the following joints? - (A): PIP - (B): DIP - (C): MTP - (D): All of the above

C. MTP joint

When the foot is suddenly and violently inverted, the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal may be avulsed (pulled off) by the tendon of this muscle: - (A): peroneus longus - (B): FHL - (C): Peroneus Brevis - (D): FDL - (E): Spring Ligament

C. Peroneus Brevis Peronus brevis inserts onto the base of the 5th Met

What joint between the calcaneus and the talus supports most of the bodyweight? - (A): Anterior Facet - (B): Middle Facet - (C): Posterior Facet - (D): Inferior Facet

C. Posterior Facet

GI Joe is working on his third set of thirty push-ups. Which best describes the position he is in? - (A): Distal - (B): Supine - (C): Prone - (D): Strong

C. Prone

The name of the joint between the talus and the calcaneus is the...? - (A): Syndesmotic Joimt - (B): Talocural - (C): Subtalar - (D): TaloNavicular

C. Subtalar joint

Mrs. Cicoria is angry is that she held out her right hand, PALM UP, waiting for Mr. Cicoria to give her some cash so that she could go shopping. What best describes this movement? - (A): Pronation - (B): Rotation - (C): Supination - (D): Adduction

C. Supination

____________ bone is synonymous with trabecular bone or spongy bone, is one of two types of osseous tissue that form bones. It has a higher surface area but is less dense, softer, weaker, and less stiff. It typically occurs at the ends of long bones, proximal to joints and within the interior of vertebrae. It is highly vascular and frequently contains red bone marrow where hematopoiesis, the production of blood cells, occurs.

Cancellous

What is the structure associated with the AiTFL on the Tibia?

Chaput's Tubercle

How should the 2-Hole Buttress Plate be positioned on the lateral fibula?

Distal hole should be centered 1.5-2 cm proximal to the tibial plafond

What is the mechanism of injury for syndesmotic injuries?

Forced external rotation of the foot

What term means swollen reddened state: swelling, redness, heat, and pain produced in an area of the body as a reaction to injury or infection?

Inflammation

Which of the following toe deformities includes hyperextension of the MTP joint, flexion of the PIP joint, and flexion of the DIP joint? - (A): Hammer Toe - (B): Claw Toe - (C): Mallet Toe

MTP: Hyper extension + PIP/DIP: Flexion = (B) Claw Toe

What are the arches of the foot?

Medial longitudinal arch Lateral longitudinal arch Transverse arch

What is Tom, Dick, ANd Harry?

Mnemonic for remembering the location of tissue on the medial side of the ankle from anterior to posterior Tom = tibialis posterior Dick = flexor digitorum longus A = posterior tibial artery N = tibial nerve Harry = flexor hallucis longus deep posterior tendons

The normal Hallux Valgus Angle (HVA) is: - (A): < 5° - (B): < 9° - (C): < 15° - (D): < 20°

Normal HVA = C. < 15°

The normal IMA is: - (A): 8° - 12° - (B): < 9° - (C): 15° - 20° - (D): 10° - 15° - (E): 9° - 15°

Normal IMA = (B) < 9°

What are the two long bones that join to form the wrist?

Radius and Ulna

What is another name for the Tarsal-Metatarsal Joint of the foot? - (A): Charcotʼs Joint - (B): The Hinged Joint - (C): The PIP Joint - (D): Lisfrancʼs Joint

TMT Joint of the foot = (D) Lisfranc's Joint

How many cycles does the TightRope persist compared to a 4.5 Synthes screw?

TR: 27,000 cycles to failure 4.5 screw: 11,000 cycles to failure

What is the structure associated with the AiTFL on the Fibula?

Wagstaffe's tubercle

What fracture types is the TightRope XP indicated for?

Weber B & C