Geography Exam 3 Review

In which biome would one most likely find xerophytic (dry-adapted) species?

Deserts

A roughly equal mix of sand, silt, and clay is called ____.

Loam

Boundaries between intervals of the geological time scale are determined by ____.

Major events in Earth's history, such as major extinctions

The horizon in which water moves fine particles downward in a process called eluviation is the ____ horizon.

O

The organic rich horizon found at the top of the soil profile is the ____ horizon.

O

A consumer, such as a bear, that eats both producers (plants) and consumers (animals) is a/an ____.

Omnivore

Limestone formed from the shells of marine organisms is an example of ____ sedimentary rock.

Organic

The basic sampling unit, in soil surveys representing all the characteristics and variability used for classification, is the ____.

Pedon

Which of the following is NOT a location in which volcanoes typically occur?

Plutons

If a lava flow completely denudes a mountain, leaving only bare rock, what type of succession will follow?

Primary

An assemblage of minerals and organic matter bound together is called a ____.

Rock

What type of rock is derived from the bits and pieces of former rocks?

Sedimentary

Consider a simple food chain in which a grasshopper eats grass, the grasshopper is eaten by a frog, the frog is eaten by a snake, and a burying beetle feeds on the snake after it dies. Which of the following is NOT correctly matched?

Snake-Primary Consumer

A vertical section of soil is generally organized into distinct horizontal layers called ____.

Soil Profile

Which of the following best describes soil?

Soil is a dynamic material composed of water, air, mineral fragments, and organic matter.

In which of the following regions would one likely NOT find a tropical rain forest?

The Pacific Northwest in the United States.

An earthquake is best described as ____.

The sharp release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

Areas where plates slide past one another, usually at right angles across mid-ocean ridge systems are ____.

Transform Boundaries

Characteristic fauna of what biome include large ungulates (hooved mammals), such as giraffe, zebra, buffalo, gazelle, wildebeest, antelope, and rhinoceros?

Tropical Savanna

The ____ biome occurs in equatorial regions with erratic rainfall and typically occur on the margins of tropic rain forests.

Tropical Seasonal Forest and Scrub

When a random occurrence produces altered genetic material and inserts new traits into the inherited stream, ____ has occurred.

A mutation

Where would one likely find the deepest soil development?

Level or nearly level grounds.

The horizon that is commonly called topsoil is the ____ horizon.

A

Extrusive igneous rocks cooled and hardened ____ the Earth's surface, resulting in ____ grained rocks than intrusive igneous rocks.

At; Finer

Acidic soils _____.

Cause more rapid weathering and leaching of nutrients.

Soil structure can be defined as which of the following?

Crumb or granular, platy, blocky, or prismatic.

The heat from ____ is the energy that drives plate tectonics.

Earth's extremely hot interior

The study of the interrelationships between organisms and their environment is called ____.

Ecology

Continental crust is composed primarily of ____, while oceanic crust is composed primarily ____.

Granite; Basalt

Chlorophyll reflects predominately ____ wavelengths of visible light.

Green