Digestion Quiz
The secondary dentition usually has how many teeth?
32
Which of the following is true concerning pepsinogen?
It reacts with HCl to yield pepsin.
Which of the following is true concerning the cephalic phase of gastric activity?
The sight and smell of food trigger gastric secretions.
Gastrin is:
a hormone which stimulates secretion of HCl by the parietal cells
The carbohydrate in a coke would most likely be digested by which of the following?
amylase
Pepsin
an enzyme found in gastric juice involved in breaking down proteins
Lipase
an enzyme found in pancreatic juice involved in breaking down fat
Trypsin
an enzyme found in pancreatic juice involved in breaking down proteins
Amylase
an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands
A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the
appendix.
The esophagus connects to which region of the stomach?
cardia
Pepsin:
catabolizes proteins
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term cholecystokinin (CCK)?
causes gall bladder to contract
The presence of fat in the duodenum:
causes the release of cholecystokinin
The sac-like structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the
cecum.
An intestinal hormone that stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to release bile is
cholecystokinin.
The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the
common bile duct and the pancreatic duct.
The muscularis layer of the gastrointestinal tract is:
contains both circular and longitudinal smooth muscle fibers
A disease that attacks and disables the myenteric plexus would
decrease intestinal motility.
The bulk of each tooth consists of a mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called
dentin.
Most of the digestion of food occurs in the:
duodenum and jejunum
The order of the of the small intestine segments, from proximal to distal, is
duodenum, jejunum, ileum.
The crown of a tooth is covered by
enamel
The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the
entry of food into the stomach.
All of the following are composed of smooth muscle except:
external sphincter
About one-third of the food reaching the stomach is digested and absorbed into the blood before leaving the stomach.
false
All movements of the gastrointestinal tract are initiated by nerve impulses originating in the spinal cord or higher brain centers.
false
Eliminating waste products is the most important function of the gastrointestinal tract.
false
Swallowing is controlled by gravity. Therefore one cannot swallow when standing on one's head.
false
Which of the following molecules are absorbed in the small intestine?
fatty acids, monosaccharides, and amino acids
A bolus is:
food formed into a ball for swallowing
The material which causes fat to emulsify is stored in the:
gallbladder
An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is
gastrin
A patient is observed to have inflamed and bleeding gums. This condition is called:
gingivitis
Gastric secretion is regulated by:
hormonal mechanisms local nervous reflexes that occur in the stomach wall signals from the stomach mucosa to the brain which causes reflexes back to the stomach through the vagus nerve
Secretin and cholecystokinin are:
hormones secreted by the duodenum
The activities of the digestive system are regulated by
hormones. parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons. the contents of the digestive tract. intrinsic nerve plexuses.
Parietal cells secrete
hydrochloric acid.
The presence of chyme in the duodenum may stimulate secretin which then functions to:
initiate the secretions of pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate
Constipation is a condition:
involving increased water absorption from the large intestine
The passage of food from the mouth to the stomach:
is initiated voluntarily but continues as a reflex
Pepsinogen:
is produced by the chief cells of the gastric mucosa
Which of the following is not true of bile?
it contains enzymes important in the digestion of fat
Products of fat digestion are transported initially by
lacteals.
The organ that functions primarily to absorb water and some vitamins is:
large intestine
The fat in a peanut butter sandwich would be digested by which enzyme below?
lipase
Fats are digested by:
lipase secreted by the pancreas
Bile is produced in the:
liver
Movement of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by:
local, segmental contractions to churn food waves of contraction to move food uni-directionally through the tract
The taeniae coli are
longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the outer surface of the colon.
Bile salts assist in the digestion of fats by:
making fat globules fragmented (emulsified) so they can more readily be digested by lipase
Which of the following is a function of the tongue?
manipulation to assist with chewing mechanical processing sensory analysis secretion of mucins
Which of these structures function to prevent the small intestines from becoming twisted?
mesentery
The ________ supports most of the small intestine and provides stability and limited movement.
mesentery proper
Which types of digestion products are absorbed into blood-containing capillaries of the small intestines?
monosaccharides and amino acids
The layer of the gastrointestinal tract in direct contact with food or chyme is the:
mucosa
Which of the following is classified as being either squamous or columnar?
mucosal epithelium
The hormone secretin stimulates the:
pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice
Chyme is:
partially digested food mixed with secretions found in the stomach or intestine
Of the following, which are enzymes important in the digestion of protein?
pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin
Chief cells secrete
pepsinogen.
Gastrointestinal movement whereby food is propelled along the gut is referred to as:
peristalsis
Which of the following are enzymes secreted by the pancreas?
procarboxypeptidase
The enzyme pepsin digests
proteins
The ________ of the liver lies between the left lobe and the gallbladder.
quadrate lobe
Which of the following is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein?
round ligament
The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called
rugae
The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity
secretes peritoneal fluid. decreases friction. lubricates the cavity. prevents irritation.
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release enzymes and buffers is
secretin.
The pancreas:
secretions contain bicarbonate to neutralize acid
The sheet of tissue which covers the outermost layer of the digestive tract and which functions to lessen friction in the abdominal cavity is the:
serosa (peritoneum)
The event which increases the secretion of serous (watery) saliva is:
signals from the parasympathetic nervous system
The absorption of fatty acids occurs via:
specialized lymph structures called lacteals in the duodenum
Chemical breakdown of materials by acid and enzymes takes place in the
stomach
A function of the stomach is:
storage of food
The gallbladder:
stores bile
Defecation is initiated by:
stretching of the rectum a parasympathetic reflex
Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the
submucosa.
Which of the following enzymes is correctly matched with their substrate?
sucrase/disaccharides
The bacteria in the large intestine function primarily to:
synthesize vitamins B and K
Which of the following is true concerning the control of secretions by the stomach?
the hormone gastrin promotes additional gastric secretions
Stimulation of secretions from the pancreas may be caused by:
the presence of acid in the small intestine
Enzymes involved in the digestion of carbohydrates are secreted by:
the salivary glands pancreas
Which of the following will stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach?
the secretion gastrin
During swallowing:
the soft palate and uvula move up the vocal folds should be in a parallel position peristalsis occurs in the esophagus
During deglutition,
the soft palate elevates. the larynx elevates and the epiglottis closes. the lower esophageal sphincter opens.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve increases activity in the gastrointestinal tract.
true
Which of the following enzymes is specific for proteins?
trypsin
Which of the following contribute the most to the neural control of the gastrointestinal tract?
vagus nerve and plexuses in the submucosa and muscularis