Digestion Quiz

The secondary dentition usually has how many teeth?

32

Which of the following is true concerning pepsinogen?

It reacts with HCl to yield pepsin.

Which of the following is true concerning the cephalic phase of gastric activity?

The sight and smell of food trigger gastric secretions.

Gastrin is:

a hormone which stimulates secretion of HCl by the parietal cells

The carbohydrate in a coke would most likely be digested by which of the following?

amylase

Pepsin

an enzyme found in gastric juice involved in breaking down proteins

Lipase

an enzyme found in pancreatic juice involved in breaking down fat

Trypsin

an enzyme found in pancreatic juice involved in breaking down proteins

Amylase

an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands

A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the

appendix.

The esophagus connects to which region of the stomach?

cardia

Pepsin:

catabolizes proteins

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term cholecystokinin (CCK)?

causes gall bladder to contract

The presence of fat in the duodenum:

causes the release of cholecystokinin

The sac-like structure that joins the ileum at the ileocecal valve is the

cecum.

An intestinal hormone that stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to release bile is

cholecystokinin.

The duodenal ampulla receives secretions from the

common bile duct and the pancreatic duct.

The muscularis layer of the gastrointestinal tract is:

contains both circular and longitudinal smooth muscle fibers

A disease that attacks and disables the myenteric plexus would

decrease intestinal motility.

The bulk of each tooth consists of a mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called

dentin.

Most of the digestion of food occurs in the:

duodenum and jejunum

The order of the of the small intestine segments, from proximal to distal, is

duodenum, jejunum, ileum.

The crown of a tooth is covered by

enamel

The gastric phase of gastric secretion is triggered by the

entry of food into the stomach.

All of the following are composed of smooth muscle except:

external sphincter

About one-third of the food reaching the stomach is digested and absorbed into the blood before leaving the stomach.

false

All movements of the gastrointestinal tract are initiated by nerve impulses originating in the spinal cord or higher brain centers.

false

Eliminating waste products is the most important function of the gastrointestinal tract.

false

Swallowing is controlled by gravity. Therefore one cannot swallow when standing on one's head.

false

Which of the following molecules are absorbed in the small intestine?

fatty acids, monosaccharides, and amino acids

A bolus is:

food formed into a ball for swallowing

The material which causes fat to emulsify is stored in the:

gallbladder

An intestinal hormone that stimulates gastric secretion is

gastrin

A patient is observed to have inflamed and bleeding gums. This condition is called:

gingivitis

Gastric secretion is regulated by:

hormonal mechanisms local nervous reflexes that occur in the stomach wall signals from the stomach mucosa to the brain which causes reflexes back to the stomach through the vagus nerve

Secretin and cholecystokinin are:

hormones secreted by the duodenum

The activities of the digestive system are regulated by

hormones. parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons. the contents of the digestive tract. intrinsic nerve plexuses.

Parietal cells secrete

hydrochloric acid.

The presence of chyme in the duodenum may stimulate secretin which then functions to:

initiate the secretions of pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate

Constipation is a condition:

involving increased water absorption from the large intestine

The passage of food from the mouth to the stomach:

is initiated voluntarily but continues as a reflex

Pepsinogen:

is produced by the chief cells of the gastric mucosa

Which of the following is not true of bile?

it contains enzymes important in the digestion of fat

Products of fat digestion are transported initially by

lacteals.

The organ that functions primarily to absorb water and some vitamins is:

large intestine

The fat in a peanut butter sandwich would be digested by which enzyme below?

lipase

Fats are digested by:

lipase secreted by the pancreas

Bile is produced in the:

liver

Movement of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by:

local, segmental contractions to churn food waves of contraction to move food uni-directionally through the tract

The taeniae coli are

longitudinal bands of smooth muscle on the outer surface of the colon.

Bile salts assist in the digestion of fats by:

making fat globules fragmented (emulsified) so they can more readily be digested by lipase

Which of the following is a function of the tongue?

manipulation to assist with chewing mechanical processing sensory analysis secretion of mucins

Which of these structures function to prevent the small intestines from becoming twisted?

mesentery

The ________ supports most of the small intestine and provides stability and limited movement.

mesentery proper

Which types of digestion products are absorbed into blood-containing capillaries of the small intestines?

monosaccharides and amino acids

The layer of the gastrointestinal tract in direct contact with food or chyme is the:

mucosa

Which of the following is classified as being either squamous or columnar?

mucosal epithelium

The hormone secretin stimulates the:

pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice

Chyme is:

partially digested food mixed with secretions found in the stomach or intestine

Of the following, which are enzymes important in the digestion of protein?

pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin

Chief cells secrete

pepsinogen.

Gastrointestinal movement whereby food is propelled along the gut is referred to as:

peristalsis

Which of the following are enzymes secreted by the pancreas?

procarboxypeptidase

The enzyme pepsin digests

proteins

The ________ of the liver lies between the left lobe and the gallbladder.

quadrate lobe

Which of the following is a remnant of the fetal umbilical vein?

round ligament

The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called

rugae

The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity

secretes peritoneal fluid. decreases friction. lubricates the cavity. prevents irritation.

The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release enzymes and buffers is

secretin.

The pancreas:

secretions contain bicarbonate to neutralize acid

The sheet of tissue which covers the outermost layer of the digestive tract and which functions to lessen friction in the abdominal cavity is the:

serosa (peritoneum)

The event which increases the secretion of serous (watery) saliva is:

signals from the parasympathetic nervous system

The absorption of fatty acids occurs via:

specialized lymph structures called lacteals in the duodenum

Chemical breakdown of materials by acid and enzymes takes place in the

stomach

A function of the stomach is:

storage of food

The gallbladder:

stores bile

Defecation is initiated by:

stretching of the rectum a parasympathetic reflex

Large blood vessels and lymphatics are found in the

submucosa.

Which of the following enzymes is correctly matched with their substrate?

sucrase/disaccharides

The bacteria in the large intestine function primarily to:

synthesize vitamins B and K

Which of the following is true concerning the control of secretions by the stomach?

the hormone gastrin promotes additional gastric secretions

Stimulation of secretions from the pancreas may be caused by:

the presence of acid in the small intestine

Enzymes involved in the digestion of carbohydrates are secreted by:

the salivary glands pancreas

Which of the following will stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach?

the secretion gastrin

During swallowing:

the soft palate and uvula move up the vocal folds should be in a parallel position peristalsis occurs in the esophagus

During deglutition,

the soft palate elevates. the larynx elevates and the epiglottis closes. the lower esophageal sphincter opens.

Stimulation of the vagus nerve increases activity in the gastrointestinal tract.

true

Which of the following enzymes is specific for proteins?

trypsin

Which of the following contribute the most to the neural control of the gastrointestinal tract?

vagus nerve and plexuses in the submucosa and muscularis