Disorders of the Breast

A female client is diagnosed with breast abscess. Although she has been allowed to breastfeed her newborn, she decides to terminate breastfeeding. Which action would be most appropriate in this situation? Assist the client to pump the breasts to remove breast milk. Instruct the client to wear a loose-fitting bra. Encourage the client to include protein content in the diet. Reduce the frequency of removing and reapplying the dressings.

Assist the client to pump the breasts to remove breast milk.

A client reports lumpy, tender breasts, particularly during the week before menses. She reports pain that often dissipates after the onset of menses. The nurse suspects the client has fibrocystic breast changes. Which should the nurse do next? Determine if the client has had a mammography. Have the client follow up in 1 week. Perform a breast examination. Schedule the client for cryoablation.

Perform a breast examination.

Which pharmacologic treatment would not be therapeutic for a woman with fibrocystic breast changes? oral contraceptives anti-inflammatory agents antihistamines diuretics

antihistamines

A client is considering breast augmentation. What would the nurse recommend to the client to ensure that there are no malignancies? breast biopsy mastopexy ultrasound mammogram

mammogram

A client asks the nurse, "I've heard that eating too much red meat can increase my risk for breast cancer. So how much red meat can I eat each day?" The nurse responds, saying that the client should limit the intake of red meat to how many ounces per day? 4 3 2 5

3

The nurse is teaching a client with mastitis about care measures. Which client statement indicates effective teaching? "I can stop the antibiotic after 5 days." "I should avoid pumping my breasts until the infection is cleared." "I can use warm soaks to my breast to relieve the discomfort." "I need to wear a breast shield to keep the area moist."

"I can use warm soaks to my breast to relieve the discomfort."

A woman diagnosed with breast cancer is to undergo a lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy. When reviewing the treatment plan with the client, the nurse determines that the woman has understood the information based on which client statement? "The radiation will be targeted to the area near my underarm to get at the lymph nodes." "After the lumpectomy, I'll have to wait about 6 months before I can begin to receive the radiation." "After they remove the tumor and some of the normal tissue, I'll start radiation in about 2 to 4 weeks." "I'll have a portion of my breast removed, and then they'll do high-dose radiation in the operating room."

"After they remove the tumor and some of the normal tissue, I'll start radiation in about 2 to 4 weeks."

The nurse is teaching a 48-year-old client who is scheduled for her first mammogram. Which statement by the client indicates additional teaching is needed? "I can be prescribed an opioid to take prior to the procedure to prevent pain." "The results from the procedure are typically available within a few weeks." "This is a test to determine if I have breast cancer." "It is recommended I have a mammogram every year until I am 55 years of age."

"I can be prescribed an opioid to take prior to the procedure to prevent pain."

At a class for new mothers, the nurse notes that the participants need more teaching when one of the mothers makes which comment? "I can use warm compresses to ease the discomfort." "I have been using a breast pump after feeding my baby." "I have to stop breastfeeding because of mastitis." "Breastfeeding every four hours appears to help."

"I have to stop breastfeeding because of mastitis."

After teaching a woman about breast self-examination, the nurse understands that the teaching was successful when the woman makes which statement? "I'll feel my breasts using my thumb and index finger." "I don't have to check under my arm if I don't feel any breast lumps." "I will check my breasts every other week." "I'll do the check about a week after my period."

"I'll do the check about a week after my period."

How should the nurse counsel a postpartum client on how to prevent mastitis? "Sterilize your bottles and pump equipment after each use." "Be sure to keep your breasts covered when you are not feeding or pumping." "If you notice that your breast is warm, hard, or red, stop feeding on that side and pump from that breast instead." "Wash your hands thoroughly, and let your breasts dry after each feeding."

"Wash your hands thoroughly, and let your breasts dry after each feeding."

A young client desires to know her risk of developing breast carcinoma. She has a positive family history of breast carcinoma. The nurse would suggest that she should undergo which diagnostic test? digital mammography fine-needle biopsy DNA ploidy status BRCA-1 genetic marker

BRCA-1 genetic marker

When preparing for a class on breast cancer, the nurse should explain which nonmodifiable risk factors? Select all that apply. BRCA1 gene failing to breastfeed infants menarche at age 11 high-fat dietary intake being a 52-year-old female

BRCA1 gene menarche at age 11 being a 52-year-old female

A client has undergone a mastectomy for breast cancer. Which instruction should the nurse include in the postoperative client teaching plan? Elevate the affected arm on a pillow. Breathe rapidly for an hour. Restrict intake of medication. Avoid moving the affected arm in any way.

Elevate the affected arm on a pillow.

A 45-year-old female client tells the nurse she has a dimpling of the right breast that has occurred in the past 2 weeks. What action will the nurse take next? Determine if the client has a family history of breast cancer. Notify the health care provider. Prepare the client for a right breast ultrasound. Perform an examination of both of the client's breasts.

Perform an examination of both of the client's breasts.

A nurse is counseling a woman diagnosed with fibrocystic breast changes about self-care measures. Which instructions would the nurse include when teaching this client? Select all that apply. Apply ice to breasts. Wear a supportive bra. Use barrier contraceptive methods. Avoid caffeinated beverages. Limit salt intake.

Wear a supportive bra Limit salt intake. Avoid caffeinated beverages.

During a follow-up visit, a female client who underwent a mastectomy asks the nurse if she can work in her backyard or at least do some household work. Which suggestion would be most appropriate? Avoid household chores for at least 6 to 9 months. Increase the frequency of follow-up visits if she does work. Wear gloves and protective clothing to avoid any injuries. Avoid working in the garden or yard altogether.

Wear gloves and protective clothing to avoid any injuries.

A nurse is working at a cancer treatment center and is developing programs for specific ethnic groups related to breast cancer. The nurse would target which ethnic group because it has the highest breast cancer mortality rate in the United States? white client Native American/First Nations client Hispanic client black client

black client

A client diagnosed with breast cancer is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse assesses the client for possible side effects of this therapy. Which side effect would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? nausea bone marrow suppression diarrhea stomatitis

bone marrow suppression

During a routine assessment, a client reports to the nurse a new lump in her right breast and occasional nipple pain. The client has a family history of breast cancer. The nurse will anticipate preparing the client for which procedure first? breast examination mammogram fine-needle aspiration biopsy right breast ultrasound

breast examination

After teaching a group of students about the signs and symptoms of breast cancer, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which sign? painless mass peau d'orange skin nipple retraction breast symmetry

breast symmetry

A nursing diagnosis of Risk for impaired tissue integrity would be most appropriate for which client? client with a vaginal packing in place client with endometriosis client taking oral contraceptives client having reconstructive breast surgery

client having reconstructive breast surgery

A nurse is conducting a presentation on breast cancer for a local women's group and explaining the possible risk factors associated with its development. The nurse determines that the group has understood the information when they identify which factor as increasing a woman's risk for breast cancer? early menarche early onset of menopause having children before the age of 30 years exposure to pelvic radiation

early menarche

The health care provider has just informed the client that her breast biopsy is positive for carcinoma. One of the nurse's first responsibilities is to assist with: education. treatment. telling the client her options. psychiatric issues.

education

What is the most common breast mass in women? mastitis duct ectasia fibroadenoma intraductal papilloma

fibroadenoma

A client with breast cancer is receiving chemotherapy. To counteract the myelosuppressive effects of chemotherapy, the nurse recognizes the client may also be prescribed which drug? filgrastim anastrozole letrozole trastuzumab

filgrastim

A nurse is educating a client on the technique for performing breast self-examination. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan with regard to the different degrees of pressure that need to be applied on the breast? medium pressure around the areolar area hard pressure applied down to the ribs light pressure midway into the tissue medium pressure on the skin throughout

hard pressure applied down to the ribs

The nurse is reviewing the history and physical exam of a woman who has come to the clinic for a routine physical. Which factor would the nurse identify as increasing the client's risk for breast cancer? 39 years of age history of ovarian cancer menarche at age 14 Asian race

history of ovarian cancer

During a routine physical examination, a firm mass is palpated in the right breast of a 35-year-old woman. Which finding or client history would suggest cancer of the breast as opposed to fibrocystic disease? cyclic change in mass size increased vascularity of the breast mass located in upper, outer quadrant history of anovulatory cycles

increased vascularity of the breast

A client diagnosed with fibroadenoma is worried about the chances of developing breast cancer. She also asks the nurse about various breast disorders and their risks. Which benign breast disorder should the nurse include as having the greatest risk for the development of breast cancer? intraductal papilloma mammary duct ectasia mastitis fibroadenomas

intraductal papilloma

What is the most common type of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of cases? invasive lobular carcinoma tubular carcinoma invasive ductal carcinoma medullary carcinoma

invasive ductal carcinoma

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had surgery as treatment for breast cancer. The nurse would be alert for the development of which complication? lymphedema fibroadenoma breast abscess fibrocystic breast disease

lymphedema

A woman is scheduled to undergo a modified radical mastectomy. Which information would the nurse include when describing this surgery to the client? removal of breast tissue and axillary nodes the resulting concave appearance of the anterior chest wide excision of the tumor along with a 1-cm margin of normal tissue sparing of the pectoral muscles and axillary lymph nodes

removal of breast tissue and axillary nodes

All options are characteristics of malignant breast disease except: immobile, fixed masses. skin dimpling and nipple retraction. painless and nontender masses. smooth, firm, rubbery masses.

smooth, firm, rubbery masses.

A breast tumor is most likely found in what part of the breast? the upper inner quadrant the upper outer quadrant at the areola near the nipple

the upper outer quadrant

A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with stage II breast cancer. Which finding would the nurse interpret as characteristic of this stage? tumor that has metastasized to other organs tumor that is localized in the early stages tumor that is about 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) in diameter with positive lymph nodes tumor that is about 0.75 inch (1.9 centimeters) in diameter

tumor that is about 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) in diameter with positive lymph nodes

As part of a presentation on breast cancer being given to a local woman's group, the nurse describes the need for early detection through screening. Applying the guidelines from the American Cancer Society, the nurse would emphasize which recommendation? yearly mammograms for women starting at age 40 clinical breast examinations every 2 years for women over age 30 mammograms every 3 years for women between the ages of 20 and 39 years breast self-examination at least yearly for women over age 20

yearly mammograms for women starting at age 40