DNA, chromosomes and genes

y chromosome gives the trait of being ______ x chromosome gives the trait of being _____

male, female

the number of different chromosomes a cells contains is represented by letter __

n (italic)

Where does each chromosome in the pair come from?

one from your father and one from your mother

There are generally two types of cells in the humain body:

somatic and reproductive

genes tell your cells...

what to do

The 23rd pair of chromosomes are both ___ in woman but are __ and ___ in men

x, x, y

zygote

- formed by the joining of 2 haploid cells (sperm + egg) - - single diploid cell with a full set of DNA

reproductive cells:

-are involved in reproduction -have n chromosomes=haploid cells -haploid cells contain only one set of each chromosome

somatic cells:

-form a tissu -have 2n chromosomes=diploid cells -diploid cells contain 2 sets of chromosomes

___ of the pairs of the chromosomes in both males and females are the same. The other pair(s) is called __ __ _______

22, the sex chromosome

you get ___ chromosomes from your mom and _____ from your dad. You have ____ in total.

23, 23, 46

The nucleus of human somatic cells (exception of reproductive cells) contain ___ pairs of chromosomes = total of ___ chromosomes

23, 46

What is DNA made of? (what links with what)

4 nitrogen containing bases: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine (A links with T and C links with G)

What is a gene?

A gene is a segment of DNA that determines a particular genetic characteristic and encodes for heredity traits such as eye color.

What is a chromosome?

A structure of condensed DNA that therefore contains genes.

True or false: Humans all have the same genetic code.

False

True or false: Plants do not have chromosomes.

False

True or false: there are 30 000 genes in a cell

False

True or false: a human cell has 23 chromosomes.

False, we have 23 PAIRS of chromosomes

True or false: A chromosome is shaped like sticks.

True

True or false: A gene is a section of a thread of DNA.

True

True or false: Genes are a source of heredity.

True

What is a DNA molecule:

a molecule that contains genetic information for the proper function of cells. It forms a double helix.

A chromosome is usually called a ___ during the process of cell division.

chromatid

DNA molecules are packed into something called _____

chromosomes

each species has a characteristic number of ____

chromosomes

genes are made of ______ ____ _____ (DNA)

deoxyribose nucleic acid

The number of chromosomes does/doesn't determine the complexity of an organism

doesn't

3 reasons why cells divide:

for growth, creation of reproductive cells, to repair tissue

Place the following structure in increasing order of size: cell, gene, DNA, chromosome, nucleus, stomach tissu

gene, DNA, chromosome, nucleus, cell, stomach tissu