dna/chromosomes

what is DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

What is DNA made of?

Molecules called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar group and a nitrogen base. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The order of these bases is what determines DNA's instructions, or genetic code.

What are chromosomes?

Threadlike structures of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

What is a centromere?

an area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached

What are the five types of chromosome mutations?

deletion, inversion, duplication, insertion, and location.

What is the shape of DNA called?

double helix.

What is a chromatin?

grainy material form of DNA when it is not coiled into chromosomes

What is the process in which the nucleus divides

mitosis

What is a chromatid?

one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

What are homologous chromosomes?

pair of chromosomes that have the same size and shape and contain the same genes

What are chromosomes made of?

protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).