Earth Past

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False

Earth's climate has stayed the same throughout the past

cast

a fossil copy of an organism made when a mold of the organism is filled with sediment or mineral deposits

correlate

a geologist who needed to _______ two rock formations in different areas could match exposed rock layers

radioactive decay

a process that uses the properties of atoms in rocks and other objects to find their ages

absolute dating, relative dating

a rock's exact age can be determined whereas with ____________, a rock's age is compared to the ages of other rocks

half life

amount of time it takes for one half of the original amount of an isotope to decay

disconformity

an unconformity between two sedimentary layers is classified as a -

missing layer

an unconformity is a __________ of rock

carbon film

are formed when a thin film of carbon is left forming an outline of the original organism

fossil

carbon-14

constant rate

characteristic of radioactive decay makes it useful for determining the absolute age of samples

absolute

dating uses the properties of atoms in rocks and other objects to find their ages

relative dating

determining the order of events and the relative age of rocks by examing the position of rocks in a sequence is called _________

trace fossils

dinosaur footprints are -

petrified wood

example of a fossil with altered hard parts includes ___________

insect in amber

example of a fossil with original preservation includes an ______________

nests

example of a trace fossil includes __________

remove liquids

fish _________ carbon film

carbon film

fossil formed when an outline of the original organism is formed from left-over carbon

remains

fossils are the ___________, imprints, or traces of once-living organisms preserved in rock

index fossils

fossils of species that lived on earth for short periods of time and were abundant and wide spread geographically

C-14

fossils up to 50,000 years old can be dated with _______

unconformities

gaps in rock layers

5,730 years

half life for C-14

quick burial

helps preserve organisms as fossils

lived over short period of time

index fossils are useful to geologist if the fossils

amber

is the hardened tree sap that fossil insects are preserved in

radioactive decay

measured in half lives

remains

missing layer

fossils

molds, casts, tace, and petrified wood are all examples of _________

fossil

most often form when a dead organism is buried in sediments

nonconformities

occur when sedimentary rocks are deposited on top of uplifted and eroded metamorphic or igneous rocks

nonconformity

occurs when sedimentary rock overlies igneous rock

bottom

oldest rock layer in undisturbed rock sequence

trace

preserved animal tracks are called _________

relative age

principle of superposition can be used to determine _____________

index fossil

radio carbon dating is useful for finding -

hard

radioactive decay

uniformities

remains of species that existed on earth for relatively a short period of time

fossils

rock layers are correlated if they both contain the same _________

law that oldest layer is on bottom

states that for undisturbed rocks -

hard

the ______ parts of organisms are most likely to become fossils

mold

the cavity left behind in the rock after an organism's hard part has decayed

radiometric dating

the process of calculating the absolute age of a rock by measuring the amounts of parent and daughter materials in a rock and by knowing the half life of the parent

half life

the time is takes for half of the atoms in an isotope to decay

existed

to be a useful index fossil, a species must have

mold

trace

radiometric dating

used to determine absolute age of rock

fossil

way to tell a palenontologist when, where and how an organism lived

unconformity

when part of the rock record is destroyed the erosional gap that forms is an _________


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