earth space science module 1-5 exam review

Which of these is a part of the cryosphere? A. wind B. river C. plants D. iceberg's

D. icebergs

The diagram below shows the movement of energy in the water cycle. Which term best fits in the empty cell of the diagram? A. Land B. clouds C. evaporation D. precipitation

A. Land

The table below shows the average annual precipitation over a period of five years in three locations in Florida. From which location(s) are people most likely to leave and migrate to other locations? A. Location 1 B. Location 3 C. Location 1 and Location 2 D. Location 1 and Location 3

B. Location 3

The graph below shows the changes in the temperature of ice when it is heated from -20 °C to 100 °C Based on the graph, which of these conclusions is correct? A. Matter is in the form of ice in portion DE. B. Matter is in the form of water in portion CD. C. Change of state takes place in portion AB. D. Change of state takes place in portion CD.

B. Matter is in the form of water in portion CD.

Which of these is an example of pseudoscience? A. chemistry B. astrology C. astronomy D. mathematics

B. astrology

The diagram below shows three stages in the water cycle. Which statement is correct for the diagram? (3 points) A. 1 represents transpiration and 2 represents evaporation. 2. 1 represents evaporation and 2 represents transpiration. C. 1 represents precipitation and 2 represents infiltration. D. 1 represents evaporation and 2 represents precipitation.

C. 1 represents precipitation and 2 represents infiltration.

Which of these questions can be answered through science? A. What is the best water sport? B. Why should we value honesty? C. Why does water change into steam? D. What is the most important thing in life?

C. Why does water change into steam?

One student burned a piece of paper weighing 4.8 grams. The table below shows the mass of the materials formed by burning the paper. What is most likely the mass of the smoke formed on burning the piece of paper? A. 2.6 grams B. 2.5 grams C. 2.3 grams D. 2.2 grams

D. 2.2 grams

Why is science important for society? A. It helps make decisions based on scientific reasoning. B. It proves that all questions can be answered using science. C. It emphasizes the importance of human choice in decision-making. D. It shows that all social problems can be solved using scientific knowledge.

A. It helps make decisions based on scientific reasoning.

A group of students measured the average monthly temperature of 1000 cities around the world and plotted the cumulative frequency graph shown below. Based on the graph, it can be concluded that A. almost 500 cities have an average monthly temperature less than or equal to 35°C B. almost 500 cities have an average monthly temperature less than or equal to 50°C C. about 700 cities have an average monthly temperature of 60°C D. about 700 cities have an average monthly temperature of 30°C

A. almost 500 cities have an average monthly temperature less than or equal to 35°C

A student weighs 29 apples and records the observations in the graph below. Based on the graph, what is the least likely mass of an apple chosen randomly? A. between 0.10 kg and 0.12 kg B. between 0.12 kg and 0.14 kg C. between 0.14 kg and 0.16 kg D. between 0.16 kg and 0.18 kg

A. between 0.10 kg and 0.12 kg

Two scientists did the same experiment but arrived at different results. The scientists most likely A. did not have accurate data and information B. misunderstand each other's interpretations C. belong to different backgrounds D. did not have instruments to take accurate measurements

A. did not have accurate data and information

Which of these forces exist between Earth and moon? A. gravitational force B. electromagnetic force C. weak nuclear force D. strong nuclear force

A. gravitational force

Avoiding bias increases reliability and is important to experimental data. A scientist is investigating the cause of the contamination of well water at a specific location. Four residents of the location responded to questions asked by the scientist. The chart below shows their responses. Which of these residents is most likely to provide reliable information? A. Resident 1 B. Resident 2 C. Resident 3 D. Resident 4

A. resident 1

In ancient times, scientists believed that matter could be destroyed by burning or breaking. Modern scientists believe that matter cannot be destroyed. What best accounts for these different opinions? A. scientists with varied backgrounds make different interpretations B. scientists come up with different hypotheses without enough evidence C. scientists believe in discarding all interpretations which were made in the past D. scientists propose different hypotheses to include all the scientific possibilities

A. scientists with varied backgrounds make different interpretations

Second is the SI base unit for measuring A. time B. length C. volume D. mass

A. time

One scientist discovered a new theory on the evolution of stars. Why is it necessary for scientists all over the world to agree with the theory before it can be accepted? A. to make certain that the results are reliable B. to transform the results of the theory into law C. to find an appropriate application for the results D. to ensure that the results are known to people worldwide

A. to make certain that the results are reliable

The picture below shows the weather station model at a particular location. Which of these statements best describes the future weather condition at the location? A. There will be light rain. B. Wind will blow from the south. C. Heavy snowfall is expected. D. The sky will have scattered clouds.

B. Wind will blow from the south.

Which of these is a process during which the hydrosphere interacts with the geosphere? (3 points) A. solidification of water into ice B. absorption of rainwater by soil C. evaporation of rainwater from puddles D. condensation of water vapor into water

B. absorption of rainwater by soil

The picture below shows a pot of water being heated on a flame. The heat from the flame is transferred to the surface of the water through the process of A. convection B. conduction C. radiation D. refraction

B. conduction

A scientist uses a computer model to understand a widely accepted theory about Earth's surface. The computer model would most likely help the scientist to A. reduce the intensity of earthquakes B. discover new facts about the theory C. stop the creation of faults during earthquakes D. prove that the theory would not change in the future

B. discover new facts about the theory

Which of these is an example of interactions between the atmosphere and geosphere? A. formation of snow B. erosion of soil due to wind C. destruction of houses by floods D. uprooting of trees during tornadoes

B. erosion of soil due to wind

In the water cycle, what state of matter is rain? A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. plasma

B. liquid

Scientific knowledge becomes more reliable when it is A. biased B. questioned C. not tested D. not observed

B. questioned

One group of students is investigating the properties of charged objects. Their observations are listed below. - When two positively charged objects are brought close to each other, they push each other away. - When two negatively charged objects are brought close to each other, they push each other away. - When a positively charged object is brought close to a negatively charged object, they pull toward each other. The experiment was repeated by several students using different charged objects. The results were the same. Based on the investigations, which of these theories would the students most likely propose? A. similar charges attract B. similar charges repel C. positive charges attract all charges D. negative charges attract all charges

B. similar charges repel

"Light travels at the rate of 300,000 kilometers per second in a vacuum." Which of these statements is correct about this law? A. It is a fact in nature which cannot be tested. B. It is a theory that is not supported by data. C. It is an observation that does not need further experimentation. D. It is a description that does not work under similar conditions.

C. It is an observation that does not need further experimentation.

Two states of matter present in the water cycle are described below. State 1: Takes the shape of the part of the container which it occupies. State 2: Spreads across the entire volume of a container and takes its shape. Which of these statements is correct about the two states of matter? A. State 1 is solid and State 2 is gas. B. State 1 is liquid and State 2 is solid. C. State 1 is liquid and State 2 is gas. D. State 1 is solid and State 2 is plasma.

C. State 1 is liquid and State 2 is gas.

A student did an experiment with two identical plants, Plant 1 and Plant 2. About 10 mL of fertilizer was added to both plants. About 200 mL of water was added to Plant 1 every day. About 250 mL of water was added to Plant 2 once a week. The height of the plants was recorded over a period of 5 weeks in the table shown below. A. Fertilizer helps plants grow taller. B. A plant can survive without water for five days. C. The plant which receives more water grows taller. D. The growth of a plant is affected by the amount of light it receives.

C. The plant which receives more water grows taller.

Humans cut down trees in a location. This caused an increase in temperature and a decrease in rainfall in that location. Which of these Earth systems interacted to produce this difference in climate? A. biosphere, cryosphere, and geosphere B. atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere C. biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere D. cryosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere

C. biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere

A weather station model can be used to A. calculate the size of tornadoes B. increase the frequency of rainfall C. find the wind speed and direction D. decrease the frequency of hurricanes

C. find the wind speed and direction

The diagram below shows a helium atom. The particles labeled A are called A. electrons B. protons C. neutrons D.nucleus

C. neutrons

This picture shows the surface weather model at a particular location. What type of weather is most likely expected at the location? A. snowfall B. hurricane C. rain shower D. thunderstorm

C. rain shower

All interactions between the atmosphere and geosphere involve A. soil and living things B. water and living things C. soil and gases or particles in the air D. gases or particles in air and water

C. soil and gases or particles in the air

Which of these is an example of a conclusion? (2 points) A. ring a bell inside a tank of water B. listen to the sound produced by a drum C. sound waves do not travel in a vacuum D. speed of sound may depend on the pressure

C. sound waves do not travel in a vacuum

A scientist plans to find out the percentage of teenagers who like science. She interviews 500 teenagers leaving a science museum and finds that 450 of them like science. Scientist concludes that 90 percent of teenagers like science. Why is the scientist's conclusion most likely unreliable? (2 points) A. adults were not interviewed B. the investigation was time-consuming C. the source of information was biased D. very few teenagers were interviewed

C. the source of information was biased

A scientific theory states that the universe is expanding. Which of these statements is correct about this theory? A. It is a fact that cannot change over time. B. It is strengthened by data that is always contradictory. C. It will become a law if it is supported by scientific evidence. D. It is a well-supported explanation that cannot become a law.

D. It is a well-supported explanation that cannot become a law.

The table below shows two conclusions about atoms based on experiments by Thompson and Bohr. Which of these statements best explains why Thompson and Bohr visualized the atom differently? A. Atoms change their structure and particles from time to time. B. Atoms cannot be described easily with the help of only one model. C. Scientists do not agree with each other to strengthen science D. Scientists with varied experimental processes and interests perceive things differently.

D. Scientists with varied experimental processes and interests perceive things differently.

One student did an experiment to find out if fertilizer can make plants grow taller. The steps of the experiment are listed below. Take three pots of the same size. Fill the pots completely with the same type of soil. Plant tomato seeds in the pots of soil. Add different amounts of fertilizer to the three pots. Keep the first pot inside the house, the second pot under the shade of a tree, and the third pot in direct sunlight. Add the same amount of water to the pots every day. Measure the heights of the plants after regular intervals. The results of the experiment were not valid. Which of these statements best describes a flaw in the experiment? A. The increase in height of plants was the dependent variable. B. The increase in height of plants was the independent variable. C. The amount of fertilizer and water were not the controlled variable. D. The amount of sunlight received by the plants was not a controlled variable.

D. The amount of sunlight received by the plants was not a controlled variable.

Kate plans to start a winter garment store. The market conditions suggest that the best time to start a winter garment store is between October and February. She would earn the best profit during the first six months of the year. Based on scientific knowledge and trends, which of these would be the most favorable month for Kate to start her store? A. june B. april C. july D. december

D. december

A theory is accepted by scientists when A. it becomes a law B. it can be shown with a model C. it describes how nature works D. it is supported by adequate data

D. it is supported by adequate data

Look at this picture. Which process in the water cycle is shown in the picture? A. evaporation B. transpiration C. condensation D. precipitation

D. precipitation

Which of these best describes a situation where science is used? A. choosing a career after graduation B. brushing teeth after having dinner C. ordering food in a restaurant by looking at a menu card D. predicting the weather by looking at the clouds

D. predicting the weather by looking at the clouds

the diagram below shows two models of the atom the models can be best used to A. recreate something which is easily observed in nature B. prove that all atomic theories have the same meaning C. demonstrate the transformation of atomic theory into law D. represent the locations of subatomic particles in different atomic theories

D. represent the locations of subatomic particles in different atomic theories

Which of these should be creative to help scientists make reliable conclusions? A. scientific laws B. scientific facts C. scientific variables D. scientific methods

D. scientific methods

Scientists in different parts of the world repeat an experiment several times and get the same result. Which of these is the most likely reason why experiments are repeated to produce the same result? A. to make results non-testable B. to make results non-observable C. to make conclusions elaborate D. to make conclusions reliable

D. to make conclusions reliable