Earth System and Carbon Cycle

example of exchanging matter example of exchanging energy

--someone sneezing on you - snot = matter --feeling someone's body heat

carbon is the ____th most abundant element in the universe

4

Which of the following is a technique used by geoscientists to measure the movement of carbon within the Earth system? LiDaR photogrammetry INSAR magnetic survey

LiDaR

Which of the following describe how carbon can become stored in Earth's geosphere? Water evaporates from the ocean and move to the atmosphere. Rocks weather release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Photosynthesizing organisms die, accumulate, and are turned into fossil fuels over millions of years. Photosynthesizing organism pull carbon dioxide from the ocean to create carbonate shells.

Rocks weather release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Based on the video, which of the following statements would more accurately describe the carbon cycle? The carbon cycle is a term developed by geoscientists to quantify the burning of fossils fuels The carbon cycle is a biogeochemical cycle that moves carbon-based molecules between the different spheres and reservoirs among the Earth system. The carbon cycle is the human process of burning fossils fuels. The carbon cycle is a biogeochemical cycle that moves matter between the different spheres and reservoirs among the Earth system.

The carbon cycle is a biogeochemical cycle that moves carbon-based molecules between the different spheres and reservoirs among the Earth system.

keeling curve

a graph made over the span of 50 years that shows the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

system

a set of things working together as a part of a mechanism or an interconnecting network

carbon transfer: atmosphere to hydrosphere

air-sea gas exchange

carbon transfer: hydrosphere to atmosphere

air-sea gas exchange

what spheres interact as part of the carbon cycle

all 4

hydrosphere

all earth's fresh and saline liquid water

biosphere

all living things

Where does most of the carbon trapped in ocean sediments and rocks originate?

atmosphere

amount of carbon in spheres from least to greatest

atmosphere biosphere hydrosphere geosphere

identify different reservoirs within the carbon cycle

atmosphere ocean sediments crust rainforest soil

what sphere experiences the greatest amount of relative flux

atomosphere

Which two spheres exchange matter when you breathe?

atomosphere and biosphere

Which of the following spheres would contain all of the Earth's plants?

biosphere

is carbon found in living or nonliving things

both

hydrosphere: co3 combines with _____ to make ________

calcium calcite

atmosphere: has a small amount of

co2

biosphere: what in soil has carbon

decaying organic material, fungi, bacteria

what roles do humans play in the carbon cycle

deforestation and burning fossil fuels increases CO2 uptake into the atmosphere; eating bc all organic molecule's bases are carbon

carbon cycle

earth process of where carbon goes and how it moves from one pool to another

cryosphere

earths water that is trapped in sea ice, permafrost, and glaciers

carbon is found in all of our main sources of _____

energy

When we burn fossil fuels we create new carbon that becomes part of the atmosphere. TrueFalse

false

when we burn fossil fuels, we create more carbon that is added to the carbon cycle T/F

false

Which of the following terms is used to characterize the flow of matter from one reservoir to another?

flux

for reservoir to stay same...

flux in = flux out

water as a reservoir

flux in: rain and rivers flux out: evaporation

The geoscientists talked about "fast" and "slow" carbon. What feature of Earth systems science are alluding to? closed systems open systems flux of energy and matter spheres

flux of energy and matter

where is alot of carbon in the geosphere; what sphere does it have more carbon than

fossil fuel reserves biosphere

carbon transfer: geosphere to atmosphere

fossil fuels, consumption, deforestation

open system

freely exchanges both matter and energy with its environment

carbon is found in the atmosphere as a _____; example

gas co2

atmosphere

gases that surround planet from the surface to space

what sphere experiences the slowest flux

geosphere

which spheres decrease in carbon each year

geosphere

which spheres increase in carbon each year

hydrospehere biosphere atmosphere

calcium is important in which sphere

hydrosphere

which sphere comprises groundwater

hydrosphere

4 spheres of earth

hydrosphere: water and ice; atmosphere: gas, biosphere: organisms and soil, geosphere: rocks and minerals

co2 goes into and out of atmosphere how

into- forest fires and decomp of organic materials out of- photosynthesis

closed or open systems: lake; sealed balloon; thermos of hot soup; flower

lake: open (water evaporates; transferring heat to fish) sealed balloon: closed (nothing going in or out; energy- molecular energy inside) thermos of hot soup: closed (still loses heat to environment; we could pour out but that doesn't count for matter) flower: open

Our planet is better understood as a series of unique and complex spheres continually exchanging ....

matter and energy

how carbon is measured

measure whats stored in trees satellite info field word - species and trees

satellite info measures carbon by

measuring how much time it takes LIDAR pulses to get back to sensor from being shot down to earth

biometry

measuring living things

flux

movement of matter and energy between spheres or between reservoirs within a sphere

closed system

only exchanged energy with its environment (no exchange of matter)

a glass of salt water sitting on a table in your house is a _______ system

open water gonna evaporate into gas

open and closed system examples

open: ocean closed: earth

what part of the geosphere is the earths largest carbon resivoir

partly the rocks that remain in it

atmosphere --> biosphere thru

photosynthesis

carbon transfer: atmosphere to biosphere

photosynthesis

fast moving carbon is stored in what thru what to make what

plants photosynthesis carbs

biosphere: plants and carbon

plants take in carbon from environment thru photosynthesis and combine w others rto create carbs needed for energy

humans change where carbon is and what form its in thru

pollution exhaust cutting down trees

Which of the following things do not contain carbon? atmosphere insects ham sandwich pyrite (iron sulfide)

pyrite

identify one exchange of matter or energy that occurs rapidly within the carbon cycle and one slowly

rapidly: burning of fossil fuels; photosynthesis slowly: decaying organisms

flux =

rate of flow

movement of matter

rate of flow into and out of the 4 resivoirs

carbon transfer: biosphere to atmosphere

respiration of plants, soil, microbes

hydrosphere: when micro organisms die and are buried and compacted into rock under sea floor .... carbon moves where now

rock limestone geosphere

This class will focus a lot on the geosphere. Which of the following components are not part of the geosphere? !!!! Rocks Mantle Soil Forests

rocks

geosphere:

rocks, soil, mantle, core

hydrosphere: calcite forms builds

shells and microscopic organisms

slow carbon

slow over time atmosphere to ocean photosynthesis thru plankton and bigger animals eating them and dying and decaying on bottom of ocean to get locked into ocean sediments

biosphere: _____ has more carbon than plants

soil

the rate of flux varies drastically between _____ as well and with different types of _____

spheres; matter

in the natural world, a _______ system is uncommon, however scientists often make assumption of a closed system when an ________ amount of matter is exchanged

truly closed insignificant

carbon transfer: atmosphere to geosphere

weathering of rocks and minerals