Econ Chapter 4

If the demand for software engineers __________ slower than does supply, then wages of software engineers will __________.

Increase; Fall

A straightforward example of a _______________, often used for simplicity, is the interest rate.

Rate of Return

Other things being equal, a __________ supply of workers tends to __________ real wages.

Larger; Decreases

Improvements in the productivity of labor will tend to:

Increase Wages

Refer to Figure 4-1. The movement from __________ to __________ is consistent with a successful advertising campaign that claims wool keeps you warm.

Point A to Point F

Refer to Figure 4-1. The movement from __________ to __________ is consistent with a decrease in the price of cotton (a substitute).

Point A to Point H

The "law of supply" functions in labor markets; that is, a higher __________ for labor leads to a higher quantity of labor supplied.

Price

In contrast to goods and services markets, _____________ are rare in labor markets, because rules that prevent people from earning income are not politically popular.

Price Ceilings

Since Baltimore passed the first _______________ in 1994, several dozen cities enacted similar laws in the late 1990s and into the 2000s.

Living Wage Law

As the __________ substitute for low-skill labor becomes available, the demand curve for low-skill labor will shift to the left.

Technology

When consumers and businesses have greater confidence that they will be able to repay in the future, _______________________.

The quantity demanded of financial capital at any given interest rate will shift to the right.

Steel mill wage costs increase by 18 percent over a year. What is the likely economic effect on the market for steel?

There is an increase in the cost of producing steel, which shifts the supply curve of steel to the left, thereby increasing the price of steel.

Many states do have ____________, which impose an upper limit on the interest rate that lenders can charge.

Usury Laws

Many economists believe that the trend toward greater wage inequality across the U.S. economy was primarily caused by _____________.

New Technologies