EDE Test 1:

Systematic Bias -

can affect a test's validity

Analytic phonics

group of sight words and then they ask the students to analyze the themes or patterns

Validity -

he degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretation of test scores for proposed uses of tests

Blending polysyllabic words

the ability to blend the smaller parts of words together to make whole words

Visual analysis of monosyllabic words

the ability to break words into smaller known parts to figure out unknown words.

Structural analysis

the ability to distinguish frequently used prefixes and suffixes from root words and the knowledge of how they affect the meaning of words

Interobserver Agreement -

the consistency among test scorers

Stability -

the consistency of test scores over time

Confidence Area - t

the estimate of the likelihood that a person's true score will be found within a specified range of scores

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) -

the law that requires agencies receiving federal funding to provide appropriate access to their activities for individuals with disabilities, this includes building ramps, special buses, wheelchair lifts, and sign language interpreters.

Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments of 2008 (ADAA) -

the name of the new law; it includes changes primarily for the purpose of clarifying the criteria for making decisions about eligibility for entitlements like special education services

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA

the reauthorized version of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act; it included updated provisions for identifying and serving students with disabilities.

Least Restrictive Environment

the specification in IDEA that students with disabilities are to be educated with children who are not disabled, and that they should be removed to separate classes, schools, or elsewhere only when the nature or severity of their disability is such that education in regular classes with supplementary aid cannot be achieved satisfactorily.

Responsibility for Valid Assessment -

this is the responsibility of both the author and the user of the assessment procedure

Morpheme structure

understanding how root words with different affixes form different parts of speech.

Expressive vocabulary

vocabulary student's use during speech or writing

Regionalists

words associated with particular geographic regions

Sight words

words that do not conform to pronunciation rules

Sight vocabulary

words that students recognize in half a second or less

Analogy phonics

student uses parts of known words to identify unknown words

Synthetic phonics

students convert letters into sounds and then blend the sounds to form words.

Onset and rime phonics instruction

students recognize rimes and add the onset when reading new words.

Phonics through spelling

students transform sounds into letters as they write thus they are engaged in many writing activities.

Phonics in context

students use sound letter correspondences along with context clues to identify unknown words. Relies on student's knowledge of letter sounds and patterns in words.

Reliability

-the extent to which it is possible to generalize from an observation or test score made at a specific time by a specific person to a similar performance at a different time by a different person

Section 504

Rehabilitation Act of 1973; it gave individuals with disabilities equal access to programs and services funded by federal monies

rceptive Vocabulary

a bank of words a student can understand during conversation; listen vocabulary

Standard Error of Measurement -

an index of test error; it is the average standard deviation of error distributed around people's true test scores

Systematic Administration Errors

misguided inferences based on failure to administer tests according to standardized procedures

Portmanteaus

new words formed by combining two words and omitting letters.

Norms -

representative norms allow for correct estimates of relative standing in the general population

1. Context clues

rhetoricatial knowledge, schema, and picture clues that a student can use to figure out unknown words

Reliability -

sets the upper limit of a test's validity

Enabling Behaviors -

skills and facts that a person must rely on to demonstrate a target behavior or knowledge

Due Process -

specification by Congress on school personnel so that when a decision affecting identification, evaluation, or placement of a student with disabilities is to be made, the student's parents or guardians must be given both the opportunity to be heard and the right to have an impartial due process hearing to resolve conflicting o