EDUC 1301 final review

Schools have addressed the needs of talented and gifted students in several ways with the most effective proving to be: -Independent study -Individual Education Programs (IEPs) -Magnet schools -Acceleration

Acceleration Correct. Actions of acceleration such as students skipping grades or moving through curriculum at a faster pace have shown to most effectively meet the needs of talented and gifted students.

Web-based educational content helps make learning engaging by: -Allowing students to access interactive content -Allowing students to access many websites when searching for information -Allowing students accessibility to publishing productivity software -Allowing students accessibility to drill and practice software

Allowing students to access interactive content Correct. Web-based content includes engaging technology experiences such as simulations, virtual field trips, and virtual environments.

Ms. Floridian, a journalism teacher, assigns her class an assignment to interview their peers about the best way to discourage bullying in their high school. The next step is to create a newscast video reporting on their findings. Ms. Floridian's assignment is a type of: -Informal assessment -Authentic assessment -Portfolio assessment -Peer assessment

Authentic assessment Correct. Authentic assessments require students to solve real-world problems that they face beyond the classroom.

Research has shown there is a strong effect on learning from gamification in the area of: -Science -Physical education -Kindergarten reading readiness -Mathematics

Physical education Correct. Tactile videogames such as Wii have supported learning in physical education.

For those who look at international educational assessments and say that education in the United States is falling behind that of other nations, a response that reflects why this statement is unfair might be: -The U.S. doesn't have a national curriculum. -Other nations put more money into education. -U.S. scores include ALL children. -Different tests are used for comparisons.

U.S. scores include ALL children. Correct. The comparison is not equal because in the United States, we educate all children whereas there are countries who only assess the academically able or those whose families encourage education.

As a teacher in a general education setting, how can you best support a child with a disability who is mainstreamed in your classroom? -Rely on special education teachers to design lessons -Insist on additional classroom support such as having a paraprofessional in the classroom -Don't single out the child with a disability by calling attention to their disability -Create an accepting, supportive climate

Create an accepting, supportive climate Correct. As the classroom teacher, you will set the stage for the climate of your room. If you model patience, acceptance, and positivity toward a child with a disability all your students will feel welcomed and part of your team.

In a survey given to four school stakeholder groups, all four groups selected the same quality as the most important for a teacher to be effective. What is that top quality? -Subject Knowledge -Dedication -Relationships -Teaching Skills

Relationships Correct. Across the board, parents, principals, students and teachers ranked relationships as the most important quality in defining an effective teacher.

In the text, Table 13.1 reflects parental participation in school-related activities. As a teacher, what can you take away from this table as the activity where you will meet the most parents and can start building relationships? -"I should volunteer to serve on a school committee with parents." -"I should participate in school fundraising activities." -"I should attend general school meetings such as PTO or PTA meetings." -"I should rely on parent-teacher conferences as my main avenue to build relationships with parents."

"I should attend general school meetings such as PTO or PTA meetings." Correct. 89% of the parents surveyed said they attend general school meetings. Knowing this, you have opportunity to touch base with several parents.

IDEA requires all children with special needs be educated in the least restrictive environment. This means: -As much as possible students with special needs should be assigned to the same classroom. -Students with special needs should always be in a general education classroom at some point in the daily schedule. -A student should be included in the general education classroom whenever it is possible and appropriate. -Students with special needs should be taught mainly by teachers certified in special education.

A student should be included in the general education classroom whenever it is possible and appropriate. Correct. Least restrictive environment is a key element of IDEA designed so that students with special needs are not excluded from the company of their peers.

Build relationships with students by: -Laughing at every student's joke -Believing all students will achieve -Treating all students the same -Communicating with parents only when a student makes a mistake

Believing all students will achieve Correct. Teachers who truly believe students can achieve will relay this belief to their students. Students will recognize that you will do whatever it takes for them to be successful and will respond by wanting to do their best.

Which is a true statement regarding children's stages of development? -Children go through very different developmental changes of growth at different rates. -Children go through predictable developmental changes of growth at the same rates. -Children go through very different developmental changes of growth at the same rate. -Children go through predictable developmental changes of growth but at different rates.

Children go through predictable developmental changes of growth but at different rates. Correct. Biologists and psychologists have identified patterns in human development in the areas of cognitive development, psychomotor development, and moral reasoning, and children do not go through these patterns at the same rate.

As a teacher, which of the negative effects of technology may concern you the most as you plan for instruction? -Distractibility and short attention spans -Loss of privacy -Exposure to unsafe information or people -Weight gain

Distractibility and short attention spans Correct. Research is showing that obsession with technology is generating students who are easily distracted with short attention spans. As a teacher, this will be a major challenge as you compete with students focusing on their personal technology instead of your content and objectives.

In a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of technology applications that improve reading achievement, the most successful approaches: -Incorporated 1:1 computer projects -Utilized augmented reality -Included computer-assisted programs that augmented regular classroom instruction -Incorporated extensive professional development for teachers

Incorporated extensive professional development for teachers Correct. Teachers will always be the driving force behind technology integration and continued professional development will be part of the process.

A good way to build collegial relationships with your fellow teachers is to: -Ask others to take your recess duty because you need time to set up reading stations -Remind your peers that everything is new for you and you will need more time to finish grade reports -Always avoid those with whom you disagree -Meet the challenge of your classroom assignment without complaining

Meet the challenge of your classroom assignment without complaining Correct. In some cases, first-time teachers don't have the "best" class. Tackling your assignment without complaining shows your peers that you are willing to be a team player and will always give tasks your best effort.

Kohlberg's theory of moral development says that there are three levels of development as humans develop values and principles of moral judgment. Some have criticized his model because they feel it looks at moral development from a male perspective. The suggested male perspective of moral development is that: -The male perspective of moral reasoning reflects the time period (1958) the theory was developed. -Moral reasoning addresses the individual's responsibility to other people. -Moral reasoning addresses the rights of the individual. Correct. This is considered the male perspective as opposed to the female perspective of moral development that addresses the individual's responsibility to other people. -Moral reasoning reflects the perspective of Kohlberg, who was male.

Moral reasoning addresses the rights of the individual. Correct. This is considered the male perspective as opposed to the female perspective of moral development that addresses the individual's

When the Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI) was first presented to educators in 2010, a common misconception was that: -The standards focused only on basic skills. -All states must incorporate the CCSSI standards in their state curriculum. -The federal government was mandating a national curriculum. -Lessons learned from states as they incorporated standards were ignored.

.The federal government was mandating a national curriculum. Correct. The federal government was adamant that they were not mandating a national curriculum.

Of the options below, which suggestion should you follow when creating physical environments that support learning? -Put your better students in the action zone so you can use their oral responses to guide discussions. -Assign "talkers" to one table so that they don't bother others. -Be flexible and move students around if necessary. -Avoid designating space for specific purposes such as learning centers.

Be flexible and move students around if necessary. Correct. Any seating arrangement you create should be considered temporary. As you get to know your students, there may be some that shouldn't be together, and it is better to separate them. Or you may want your students to work with all members of the class not just those at a common table.

Ms. Sams wants to intentionally nurture the noncognitive strengths of grit, tenacity, and perseverance in her first graders. What might be the best way for her to do this? -Build self-esteem by putting stickers on assignments regardless of whether they were high quality or not -Let students skip problems when they get frustrated -Send home flyers about grit, tenacity, and perseverance -Celebrate when students achieve their goals

Celebrate when students achieve their goals Correct. When children set and meet goals, they realize they can be in charge of their learning. By helping students stick with the process of achieving goals, you are helping them learn to be persistent and believe in themselves.

Which of the options below is a true statement about classroom management and discipline? -Classroom management and discipline are the same thing. -Classroom management and discipline are among the easier practices for beginning teachers to master. -Classroom management is prevention oriented whereas discipline is control oriented. -Classroom management is control oriented whereas discipline is prevention oriented.

Classroom management is prevention oriented whereas discipline is control oriented. Correct. Classroom management is the action you take to structure your learning environment to prevent problems. Discipline is the action you have to take after a student misbehaves.

Even though Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is not strongly backed by research, it can be relevant for teachers as they: -Identify a student as needing special education resources -Design interventions for students with high ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences) score -Separate students into groups based on Gardner's theory -Design a variety of teaching experiences to encourage students to use their strengths

Design a variety of teaching experiences to encourage students to use their strengths Correct. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences helps teachers think about ways to approach student learning from several different angles.

When selecting engaging technology resources for your specific subject area, one of the most important things to consider is: -Whether students will enjoy the resource -Whether the software or website is free -The quality of the software or website -The background of the software or website creator

The quality of the software or website Correct. It's important to evaluate software or websites against a criteria list to be sure that you are using a quality program or website that will meet your subject area needs.

An "activist teaching profession" means that teacher leaders: -Restrict themselves to the use of teacher organizations such as NEA to represent their voice for policies concerning teachers -Are immune from prosecution if they support a union boycott to improve teaching wages -Are essential in the quest to improve our nation's schools -Need to be certified by the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards to earn credibility when assuming leadership roles

Are essential in the quest to improve our nation's schools Correct. Teacher leaders are critical in providing input at local, state, and federal levels. Teacher leaders are working in schools every day and know what works and doesn't work so have valuable input when making changes to better our nation's schools.

Individual intelligence tests are valued in the field of special education because they: -Classify students into groups with students who have similar scores -Specify ways to improve a student's area of disability -Are helpful in diagnosing a student's strengths and weaknesses -Help determine a student's learning style

Are helpful in diagnosing a student's strengths and weaknesses Correct. If an IQ test is given individually, it is useful in identifying that individual's strengths and weaknesses.

Collaborative consulting is a key to best serving exceptional children. What does this mean? -Classroom teachers and parents collaborate. -Classroom teachers and special education teachers collaborate. -Several special education professionals collaborate. -Special education teachers and parents collaborate.

Classroom teachers and special education teachers collaborate. Correct. In collaborative consulting, there is shared decision making and equal responsibilities for the child's educational plan by the child's teachers.

Assistive technology is used to help exceptional children learn and communicate. Which would be an example of assistive technology for a child with a hearing impairment? -A talking word processor -A sign language interpreter -Touchscreen computers -Closed captioning on videos

Closed captioning on videos Correct. Closed captioning would allow a child who cannot hear the audio part of technology to read the dialogue and participate in the video activity.

Genuine collaboration among teachers results in meaningful and trusting relationships. Which strategy for collaboration involves two teachers who teach in the same classroom at the same time? -Co-teaching -Peer coaching -Team teaching -Professional development programs

Co-teaching Correct. Co-teaching builds on the strengths of two teachers and provides increased learning opportunities for students.

A unique element of the School Ambassador Fellowship is that teacher leaders have opportunities to: -Organize district-level professional development workshops -Take first-generation students to visit colleges -Collaborate with leaders in the federal government -Schedule substitute teachers for special international projects

Collaborate with leaders in the federal government Correct. The School Ambassador Fellowship is a program implemented by the U.S. Department of Education to involve teachers in national education policy.

Mr. Pedersson has assigned a project to his third-grade class: to create a class blog to gather thoughts about the World Cup soccer predictions from students in other countries. What kind of technology resources should Mr. Pedersson investigate to facilitate this project? -Web-based archived resources -Instructional software resources -Productivity software resources -Communication and collaboration resources

Communication and collaboration resources Correct. There are many web-based resources available that would allow his third graders to reach out to others across the globe.

Authentic learning tasks are meaningful and connect classroom learning with the world outside the classroom. Which is the best example of an authentic learning task? -Designing a Chamber of Commerce brochure that promotes reasons to recycle -Answering the map questions at the end of a social studies chapter -Creating a color wheel in art -Watching a video of a frog dissection

Designing a Chamber of Commerce brochure that promotes reasons to recycle Correct. This is an authentic task because students can see a real-world reason for learning the content and applying it in a meaningful way they can share with others outside their classroom.

Exceptional learners can be said to have a _____________ that is sometimes viewed as a restrictive ______________ by society. -Illness and handicap -Disability and handicap -Handicap and disability -Disability and illness

Disability and handicap Correct. A disability and a handicap are not the same and a disability should NOT be viewed as a barrier (handicap) to success for exceptional learners.

Katherine enters Ms. Hara's classroom with an assignment from her methods professor to observe and report on the questioning techniques of a classroom teacher. She uses a set of questions to help guide her observation. This is an example of: -Video observation -Focused observation -Evaluative observation -Classroom walkthrough observation

Focused observation Correct. Focused observations are guided by a set of questions that center on a specific area to monitor.

A key purpose of curriculum standards is to: -Determine the distribution of federal funds -Create a national curriculum -Hold educators more accountable for student learning -Give educators options for student learning goals

Hold educators more accountable for student learning Correct. Educators are expected to use a state's curriculum standard to drive their instruction so that parents and communities have assurances that their children are learning based on the expectations of the standards.

When a teacher plans instruction to be sure students understand place value before teaching them to add, that is called ________________ curriculum alignment. When building a plan for first-grade teachers to help students distinguish between fiction and nonfiction text and plans for second-grade teachers to help students explain why a text is nonfiction, that is called ____________________ curriculum alignment. -State and district -Benchmark and performance -Horizontal and vertical -Vertical and horizontal

Horizontal and vertical Correct. Horizontal alignment occurs when teachers within a specific grade level coordinate standards within a subject area. Vertical alignment occurs when standards are connected across grade levels so that students experience increasingly complex instruction.

Having a caring classroom is an important element of creating a positive learning environment. Which of the teacher actions below would be the best answer to the question, "What can I do to create a caring classroom?" -Listen and talk to students in a respectful and friendly manner. -Create a variety of learning centers in your room. -Use cooperative learning groups where students work together. -Incorporate authentic learning tasks.

Listen and talk to students in a respectful and friendly manner. Correct. When students feel you listen to them and treat them respectfully, they feel they are in a caring classroom.

What is a major instructional benefit of video observations for students going into the teaching field? -Observers can study videos to analyze real-life classroom situations. -Observers who are working while in college are not committed to an 8:00-4:00 school observation window. -Observers who are not comfortable in the classroom yet can ease into it in a nonthreatening way -Observers can watch videos in a more relaxed at-home setting.

Observers can study videos to analyze real-life classroom situations. Correct. Video observations allow observers to see the classroom from several viewpoints and obtain a deeper understanding of the teaching process.

For beginning teachers having a mentor means having an experienced teacher who: -Completes the district teacher evaluation forms -Transfers students who are classroom management problems to their roster -Provides moral support, guidance, and feedback -Creates structured lesson plans for them

Provides moral support, guidance, and feedback Correct. Beginning teachers with mentors nurturing them through the induction process feel supported and are less likely to leave the profession.

Student teaching is the culmination of the years you've spent in a university classroom. It is a time to practice and improve your craft and prepare for a classroom of your own. Reflecting on your experience is a critical part of that process. Which of the reflective processes below uses a structured format? -Teaching portfolios -Practicums -Reflective teaching logs -Student teaching journals

Reflective teaching logs Correct. Reflective teaching logs use a prepared log entry where students describe a single classroom episode and discuss what happened and how that knowledge can be applied in the future.

Ms. Wickett is showing preschool children cards with letters on them. She holds up a card and says, "This letter is an A. Think about what the letter A looks like." She stops, puts the card down for 2 seconds, brings the card back up and asks, "What letter is this?" Ms. Wickett is using what memory type to help students learn letters? -Long-term memory -Working memory -Sensory memory -Discovery memory

Sensory memory Correct. Sensory memory briefly holds information as the information is processed. By using one card at time in a systematic manner, students have more opportunity to learn the letter before being challenged with a second one.

Lana graduated in December with a degree in Elementary Education. There were no school positions open in December, and she needed to find a job to pay rent, utilities, etc. She had an offer at a bank with a steady weekly paycheck, but she decided to substitute teach in the local school district instead. Why might she make this choice? -She liked knowing what she would do every day. -She could network and get her "foot in the door" for upcoming vacancies. -She could make more money substituting. -Her substitute schedule allowed flexibility in her daily routine.

She could network and get her "foot in the door" for upcoming vacancies. Correct. This is a major benefit of substitute teaching. If Lana is a good teacher (which we know she is!), teachers and administrators will take note and want to hire her.

High, rigorous standards that are broad statements of what students should know and be able to do reflect: -Curriculum alignment -Standards-based education -Textbook companies -A minority of education reformers

Standards-based education Correct. SBE Is based on the belief that all students are capable of meeting high standards that represent the current efforts at educational reform.

________________ is/are to quantitative assessments as ______________ is/are to qualitative assessments. -Statistics and observation -Verbal and nonverbal -Formal and informal -Observation and statistics

Statistics and observation Correct. Quantitative assessments include questions such as multiple choice, true/false, or matching and provide numerical data. Qualitative assessment results are obtained through observation and provide information about a child's performance on learning tasks.

Induction programs that support beginning teachers through a systematic approach with mentors also have a correlation to student achievement in what way? -Student achievement doesn't change. -Student achievement significantly increases in the beginning teacher's class. -Student achievement significantly decreases in the beginning teacher's class. -Student achievement is dependent on the student teaching experience of the beginning teacher.

Student achievement significantly increases in the beginning teacher's class. Correct. One study found that students of beginning teachers in comprehensive induction programs increased their students' reading and math scores by almost five months over those of beginning teachers without an induction program.

Scoring rubrics are rating scales that share the performance expectations of an assignment, project, or task. For teachers, scoring rubrics are useful for evaluating student work. What is the best instructional benefit of scoring rubrics for students? -Students are more apt to have project-based learning (PBL) working as teams exploring real-world problems. -Students will understand their final grade better. -Students have a better idea of what is expected for the assignment as they work on it. -Students can determine the best assignments to add to their portfolio.

Students have a better idea of what is expected for the assignment as they work on it. Correct. When teachers share the criteria of a scoring rubric, students have an ongoing guide and can self-assess as they work on their assignment.

All teachers approach classroom management from different angles based on their personality, value system, and beliefs about children. But there are some general approaches for teachers to use as a starting point as they develop their classroom management plans. Which is a true statement about the general approaches to maintaining discipline in the classroom? -The humanistic approach involves minimal power struggles and is based on a caring relationship between teacher and students. -The classroom management approach emphasizes behavior modification through consequences and reinforcement. -The behaviorist approach focuses on preventing misbehavior through planning, establishing rules and procedures, and organizing instruction. -The zero tolerance approach uses a system of counseling and community service to address misbehavior.

The humanistic approach involves minimal power struggles and is based on a caring relationship between teacher and students. Correct. Teachers centered in the humanistic approach view misbehavior as a result of student inner turmoil and change behavior through student problem solving. The classroom management approach emphasizes behavior modification through consequences and reinforcement.

Mr. Christopher has just started his first year of teaching in an eighth-grade music classroom. He is having problems with a student who won't stop talking when Mr. Christopher asks him to. Mr. Christopher has tried asking him several different ways to respect the classroom rule of not talking when the teacher is talking, but it doesn't seem to be making a difference. What might be a strategy his mentor would take when Mr. Christopher brings this concern to their next meeting? -Tell Mr. Christopher to send the student to him so the rest of the class isn't disrupted. -The mentor might role-play alternate responses or actions Mr. Christopher can take with the student. -Suggest that Mr. Christopher sign up for the next district professional development workshop on classroom management in January. -Remind Mr. Christopher that it's his classroom and he needs to figure out what works best for him.

The mentor might role-play alternate responses or actions Mr. Christopher can take with the student. Correct. Role-playing is one way mentors help beginning teachers reflect and consider options to solve problems in the classroom.

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, "Safety Needs" are considered a deficiency need. This means that: -The safer students feel, the more likely you can then address physiological needs for food and shelter. -The safer students feel, the more you need to consciously demonstrate they are safe. -The safer students feel, the less you need to consciously demonstrate to them they are safe. -The safer students feel, the less likely they will trust you.

The safer students feel, the less you need to consciously demonstrate to them they are safe. Correct. Safety needs is one of the basic deficiency needs in Maslow's hierarchy. It is essential we make students feel safe before they are willing to move up the needs ladder to feeling like they trust and belong in our classes.

Which of the following might alert a teacher to monitor a student for early identification of a learning disability? -The student doesn't speak English. -The student joins your class in the middle of the year and seems academically behind your other students. -The child is confined to a wheelchair. -The student has a lack of basic reading skills.

The student has a lack of basic reading skills. Correct. If a student doesn't seem to be able to learn the decoding and basic skills for reading even though you have tried various approaches, it's possible the student has a learning disability.

Restorative justice refers to a reaction to student misbehavior that focuses on reconciliation and making amends instead of suspensions or expulsions. If first grader William draws a funny face on another student's desk with marker, how might a teacher who utilizes restorative justice react? -The teacher sends William to the principal for vandalism. -The teacher assigns William two extra pages of math problems as homework. -The teacher requires that William apologizes to the student and stays in for recess to clean the desk. -The teacher requires that William apologizes to the student and stays in at recess to finish a reading assignment.

The teacher requires that William apologizes to the student and stays in for recess to clean the desk. Correct. In the restorative justice model, William is accountable for his action by cleaning the desk and apologizes to maintain the trust and relationship with his peer.

A school's technology infrastructure should be accessible. This means: -There are resources so that all students can engage in technology-supported learning regardless of disability, needs, or geographic location. -There should be an assortment of human and technology tools available to support individualized instruction. -There is a robust high-speed connectivity that supports all of a school's devices. -There are an appropriate number of devices to meet the needs of students and teachers.

There are resources so that all students can engage in technology-supported learning regardless of disability, needs, or geographic location. Correct. Features such as alternative text for images, screen readers, and closed-captioning help students compensate for challenges they may have when engaging in traditional technology-supported learning.

Students who have an academic mindset often tend to be more successful in school. What is an academic mindset? -An IQ that is above average -An exposure to literacy at an early age -A belief that effort will help one be successful -A willingness to take college preparatory classes

A belief that effort will help one be successful Correct. Students with an academic mindset feel they belong in the school community and their efforts make a difference in being successful.

Through the instructional choices we make, we can also influence the relationship among students. Which is an example of an instructional choice that nurtures cooperative interdependence? -Students compete to win bonus points with the best newspaper layout. -Students each research the life of a scientist and present their findings to class. -Students each design a model for a new stop sign. -A group of four students are tasked with designing a solar oven.

A group of four students are tasked with designing a solar oven. Correct. When students are in a group and given a task to solve together, this is an example of cooperative interdependence and can have a positive influence on your classroom climate.

Recipe is to a cake as ________ is to a child's special education plan. -IDEA -RTI -An IEP -Inclusion

An IEP Correct. Just as a recipe is a plan for a cake, the Individual Educational Program is a plan that specifies educational goals, methods, and services necessary for a child with a disability to be successful in school.

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) studies are justification for teachers to help students develop competence, positive self-concepts, and a sense of well-being. What the ACE tells us is that children who experience more adverse childhood experiences: -Are unable to love -Need family counseling -Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problems -Learn to handle stress with few consequences

Are at greater risk for disease and psychological problems Correct. The higher a child's ACE score with elements of stress, abuse, and neglect, the greater the risk for disease and psychological problems when the child grows up.

One of the BEST ways for proactive teachers to improve their technology integration is through: -Watching YouTube videos -Taking university courses focusing on technology integration -Connecting with other teachers through professional learning communities (PLCs) and personal learning networks (PLNs) -Asking their students for suggestions

Connecting with other teachers through professional learning communities (PLCs) and personal learning networks (PLNs) Correct. Connected learning in any form (face-to-face or online) is one of the best ways for teachers to gain information about effective and engaging technology.

Group IQ tests have been criticized for favoring a particular class or culture because of the limited perspective of the questions. This means these tests are considered: -Culturally neutral -Culturally invalid -Culturally biased -Culturally nonbiased

Culturally biased Correct. If a test is considered culturally biased, the test is more an assessment of how informed students are about a class or culture, not how intelligent they are.

Having positive classroom dynamics is important as teachers and students work together to learn. Think about this scenario: Ms. Cruz sincerely cares about her second graders and arrives early every morning to be sure that she has her lesson plans and activities ready for the day. She incorporates activities such as creating art for an art show, designing a website, and writing letters to city council members. Although her children want to do their best for Ms. Cruz, sometimes they are overwhelmed with the tasks she gives them and will get frustrated. Which characteristic of a positive classroom climate does she need to correct to improve her climate? -Learning activities are well organized. -Teacher is caring and patient. -Curriculum is challenging but not too difficult. -Learning activities are authentic.

Curriculum is challenging but not too difficult. Correct. This is the area Ms. Cruz needs to adjust. If her children are becoming overwhelmed with the tasks she gives them, they can become frustrated and decide not to learn. It's important to select curriculum and activities that are at the right level of complexity to engage students.

Ms. Wilson wants to reduce the digital inequities of access and use in her classroom. What would be one good way to do that? -Design digital learning projects that include parents -Avoid assigning technology-based homework so students without technology at home do not feel stigmatized -Write a grant to obtain iPads for each of her students -Create self-paced units consisting of reading and digitalized worksheets

Design digital learning projects that include parents Correct. By including parents in your projects, you make the project more authentic and engaging. You are teaching students how to actively use technology beyond passive consumption of information.

Elisa is a new student enrolling at the McLeod Bethune Intermediate Elementary School. The principal is taking Elisa and her parents on a tour of the school. As they meet students in the hallways, her parents observe that students greet Elisa and give her a positive welcome. This welcoming attitude was very different from the school they moved from. This welcoming attitude is an example of the: -Hidden curriculum -Null curriculum -Extracurricular/cocurricular curriculum -Explicit curriculum

Hidden curriculum Correct. Hidden curriculum is behaviors and attitudes unintentionally taught to students. The pattern of greeting and welcoming would not be part of the planned curriculum, but students reflect the atmosphere of the adults in the school.

The practice of demanding that students pass an exit exam to graduate from high school is widening the achievement gap between White students and minority/low-income students. When an assessment takes on this degree of magnitude, it is specifically called: -International assessment -Accountability testing -High-stakes testing -Standards-based testing

High-stakes testing Correct. Exit exams can indicate achievement but also can identify discrepancies in resources, teacher quality, or language, which are often beyond the control of minority and low-income students.

Ms. Williams is a sixth-grade teacher and has Monica as a student in her room. Monica is a child who has an intellectual disability and is mainstreamed in Ms. Williams's room most of the day. Ms. Williams has embraced inclusion and Monica is a vital part of her classroom. Monica's parents are very involved in her IEP and supportive of Ms. Williams. Which would be an appropriate statement Ms. Williams might make about Monica's parents? -Sometimes Monica's parents ask so much of me. -Monica's parents have such a challenging job; I don't want to bother them with things that happen at school. -I appreciate the person Monica's parents have raised. -Sometimes Monica's parents act like they know what's best for her.

I appreciate the person Monica's parents have raised. Correct. For many parents of children with disabilities, they want to know that their child is safe and valued by their teachers. Parents appreciate when teachers don't identify their child by a disability, but by the child's individual characteristics and talents.

The difference between modeling and scaffolding is that: -In modeling, a teacher utilizes prior knowledge as a starting point for instruction, and in scaffolding he or she demonstrates the thinking for a task -In modeling a teacher demonstrates the thinking for a task and in scaffolding he or she utilizes prior knowledge as a starting point for instruction. -In modeling, a teacher guides student learning through clues, and in scaffolding he or she demonstrates the thinking for a task. -In modeling, a teacher demonstrates the thinking for a task and in scaffolding, he or she guides student learning through clues.

In modeling, a teacher demonstrates the thinking for a task and in scaffolding, he or she guides student learning through clues. Correct. In modeling, teachers help students consider the thinking that goes into a task. And in scaffolding, teachers support students just enough for them to discover the task through clues and suggestions.

A trend of many teacher education programs regarding observations is: -Increasing the number of walkthrough observations required of their graduates -Increasing the amount of observation required of their graduates -Decreasing the amount of observation required of their graduates -Decreasing the number of courses in lieu of requiring additional observation time

Increasing the amount of observation required of their graduates Correct. Because observation is deemed so valuable in preparing teachers, many teacher education programs are increasing the field experience and observation requirements for their graduates.

Beginning teachers face many challenges their first years in the profession. What has research shown to have a high correlation to teacher retention? -Higher pay -Induction programs -Adequate teaching materials and supplies -Smaller class sizes

Induction programs Correct. Induction programs provide beginning teachers with support in areas of teacher effectiveness, retention, and leadership.

In the world of digital engagement, blended learning refers to: -Instruction that utilizes simulation software that combines two or more subject areas -Instruction that incorporates both traditional face-to-face instruction and online learning -Instruction that integrates several software programs -Instruction that uses collaboration software to facilitate multiage-level experiences

Instruction that incorporates both traditional face-to-face instruction and online learning Correct. There are various forms of blended learning that all incorporate some model of combining face-to-face and online learning.

Mr. Santos-Gray was a math teacher at Green Valley Middle School and was teaching a unit on area and perimeter of rectangles. He gave a short formative assessment quiz and found that 80% of his students were labeling area and perimeter wrong. The next day he shared the quiz results with students and spent some time reviewing that the label for perimeter is "unit" and the label for area is "square units." He then gave the class a similar formative assessment quiz and 95% of his students successfully labeled area and perimeter correctly. What is the best response to identify the role of this assessment for Mr. Santos-Gray? -It gave Mr. Santos-Gray information about what needed to be taught more effectively and, at the same time, helped students zero in on their problem. -It gave Mr. Santos-Gray information about what needed to be taught more effectively. -It gave Mr. Santos-Gray information regarding grades for the gradebook. -It helped students zero in on their problem.

It gave Mr. Santos-Gray information about what needed to be taught more effectively and, at the same time, helped students zero in on their problem. Correct. In this case, his quiz actually did both these things. He could zero in on problems his class was having, and he was able to prove that his students learned correct labeling for area and perimeter.

When looking to the future regarding technology, teachers should take a philosophy that: -Students will always be more current with technology than teachers. -It's important to be flexible and willing to adapt to new technologies. -They should master some basic technology tools and exclusively use them throughout their career. -Administrators will set the expectations for integration of new technologies.

It's important to be flexible and willing to adapt to new technologies. Correct. There will always be new technology impacting education. As a teacher, you need to understand how you can incorporate those technologies to engage students and enrich your instructional processes.

The most common disability among students is: -Learning disabilities -Traumatic brain injuries -Hearing impairments -Autism

Learning disabilities Correct. The most common disability among students is learning disability. There are twice as many children with learning disabilities as the next closest category disability.

Standards, benchmarks, vertical alignment, assessments, and strategies are all part of the daily curriculum life for teachers. If teachers had to plan all of these from scratch, it would be overwhelming. How have state education agencies helped teachers sort through all the curriculum expectations and accountability they face? -States have adopted state textbooks that align state standards. -Many states fund positions for district curriculum directors. -Many states reimburse teachers for the time involved in planning instruction based on state standards, recommended instructional and assessment strategies, and models for teachers to use. -Many states have developed curriculum frameworks.

Many states have developed curriculum frameworks. Correct. State curriculum frameworks are aligned with national and state standards and provide guidelines, recommended instructional and assessment strategies, and models for teachers to use.

In Ms. Yao's seventh-grade mathematics class, a typical lesson looks like this: Ms. Yao ask students to read the day's objective on the whiteboard together, she presents the material addressing the objective with examples and demonstrations, students work, and Ms. Yao walks around to check their work and gives feedback to students. Students then start an assignment on the computer. As students progress through the online lesson, the application recognizes when a student is struggling with a particular application of the objective and can give more examples or even break the concept down into smaller increments. All students can work on the assignment until they've shown they have mastered the concept. Ms. Yao monitors the students by walking around, and checking student progress from her computer. This is an example of what kind of learning? -Direct Instruction -Behavior Modification -Nondirective Teaching -Mastery Learning

Mastery Learning Correct. When a teacher sets objectives for learning, teaches content directly with feedback, and breaks objectives into small sequential steps like with the online assignment, it is mastery learning.

Special education professionals serve as collaboration consultants for classroom teachers. The best description of their primary responsibility is to focus on: -Meeting the learning needs of students identified with disabilities -Finding the easiest way to meet the terms of the IEP -Providing emotional support for classroom teachers -Supporting parents of children with disabilities

Meeting the learning needs of students identified with disabilities Correct. Special education consultants are there to advocate for students with disabilities and to consult with others involved in the IEP process to make sure student needs are met.

Opportunities to actually create and deliver lessons are important skills to master when preparing to be a teacher. The difference between microteaching and a practicum is that: -Microteaching is a longer experience than a practicum. -Practicums are paid experiences and microteaching is not. -Microteaching is a shorter experience than a practicum. -Practicums can be video based and microteaching cannot.

Microteaching is a shorter experience than a practicum. Correct. Microteaching usually involves delivering a single-concept lesson of 3-5 minutes whereas practicums usually involve spending about 2 weeks in a classroom.

Mr. Hagen is one of the favorite English teachers at the high school. At any point during the day, you can hear laughter coming from his room, and students in his classes feel respected and cared for. His courses are considered a place to get an "easy A." Last spring, Mr. Hagen's principal pointed out to him that his year-end test scores were 35% lower than the other English classes in the school and 25% lower than those across the state. What directive do you think Mr. Hagen's principal gave him that would create a stronger classroom climate to nurture student accomplishments? -Mr. Hagen, you need to reduce the tension in your classroom. -Mr. Hagen, you are too uptight and need to get a sense of humor. -Mr. Hagen, you are too laid back and need to have a more task-oriented focus. -Mr. Hagen, you need to develop more positive relationships with your students.

Mr. Hagen, you are too laid back and need to have a more task-oriented focus. Correct. Mr. Hagen needs to think about the curriculum he is responsible for in his courses and develop plans and activities for students to master that curriculum and to have high expectations for his students.

Which is the best example of Response to Intervention (RTI)? -Mr. Krupin gives a student more independent math assignments to give him practice with the objective he doesn't understand. -Mr. Krupin realized almost every student in the class did not meet the objective, so he retaught the concept. -Mr. Krupin divides a student's math assignment into smaller chunks to see if he can score better on assignments. -Mr. Krupin allows a student to skip the math questions that are hard for him.

Mr. Krupin divides a student's math assignment into smaller chunks to see if he can score better on assignments. Correct. This would be a good strategy to help zero in on the student's strengths. RTI is a systematic model that helps determine if a student responds to specific strategies in the classroom before they are referred to a special education team for evaluation.

Ms. Salah is a first-year fourth-grade teacher and is trying to think of everything she can so the first day goes smoothly. Bulletin boards are up and student names are on the desks. She planned her "Welcome to my room" speech and some teaming activities to start building relationships. She planned a fun reading and writing activity to share about the writing and reading centers. She prepared a short slide show to initiate conversation about what the rules of the classroom should be so students had some ownership in creating the room rules. The first day finally came and Ms. Salah was ready! However, as students got into groups or traveled to the reading centers, there was chaos as students got up and ran to their place or mingled talking with friends, and Ms. Salah was very frustrated. What did Ms. Salah forget to plan for? -Ms. Salah forgot students didn't know each other very well and had problems knowing who their group members were. -Ms. Salah mishandled the time management aspect of the activities so was feeling rushed. -Ms. Salah forgot to incorporate choice in her reading and writing center options. -Ms. Salah forgot to plan the procedure of how to transition from one activity to another.

Ms. Salah forgot to plan the procedure of how to transition from one activity to another. Correct. Preventive planning is key in creating a productive classroom environment. Successful classroom managers plan routines for transitions knowing that this can be a time when students need structure and expectations.

Norm-referenced standardized assessments are for comparing student learning to ________ , whereas criterion-referenced standardized assessments are for comparing student learning to ______________. -Themselves and previous year's data -Standards and peers -Peers and standards -Other countries' data and standards

Peers and standards Correct. Norm-referenced assessments are used to determine the average or typical performance of a student compared to other students. Criterion-referenced assessments indicate what a student knows and can do in reference to standard expectations.

Opponents of raising standards in the United States have concerns that include: -The goal of a national curriculum would be lost. -Teachers would not know what's important to teach. -Too much time will be dedicated to grade-level benchmarks and there will not be enough time overall to cover all necessary content. -Reform should instead focus on the lack of uniformity in schools and meeting the needs of students.

Reform should instead focus on the lack of uniformity in schools and meeting the needs of students. Correct. Opponents feel that there is so much inequity among low-scoring and high-scoring, advantaged and disadvantaged children that these inequalities should be addressed before raising standards.

The Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI) has had mixed receptions from the states since it was presented in 2010. Some states have officially rejected the Common Core while others have shown rejection of a perceived federal educational mandate by: -Not incorporating any testing -Renaming state standards to include a state name -Creating alternative standards for minority groups -Omitting questions concerning U.S. federal history

Renaming state standards to include a state name Correct. Some states are simply adding their state name to the Common Core Standards and changing to Hawaii Common Core Standards or Illinois Common Core Standards.

In response to parent concerns, Mr. Antall has taken on the task of researching the difference in office referrals between one 30-minute recess and two 15-minute recesses for fifth graders. Mr. Antall is the leader of his building's fifth=grade team and has coordinated the recess schedule, the office referral monitoring system, the monthly reports to the principal, and periodic reports to parents. Which two dimensions of teacher leadership is Mr. Antall demonstrating? -Researching and project management -Project management and staff development -Visioning and researching -Mentoring and grant writing

Researching and project management Correct. Mr. Antall is definitely researching, and he has taken the lead on how to manage this project.

The U.S. Department of Education's Office of Educational Technology has identified four essential components necessary for a school to transform learning experiences. Three involve connectivity, devices, and content. What does the fourth involve? -Student involvement in selecting technology -Professional development for teachers -Responsible Use Policies (RUPs) -Virtual schools

Responsible Use Policies (RUPs) Correct. RUPs are guidelines to safeguard students and ensure that the infrastructure is used to support learning.

Virtual classroom simulations give teachers-to-be a unique opportunity to: -Witness master teachers in action -Role-play a teacher in hypothetical situations -Student teach with a diverse population of students -Collect lesson plans for a teaching portfolio

Role-play a teacher in hypothetical situations Correct. Virtual classroom simulations allow you to make decisions regarding classroom problems, analyze actions, and improve your strategies for the actual classroom. Virtual classroom simulations are a place to make mistakes without the stress of being in charge of students in a real classroom setting.

Ms. Tecnico has designed a website that allows teachers across the world to collaborate and share teaching strategies. A distinctive part of her design is that teachers can share their work through mini-books. These mini-books can be purchased with the funds creating a grant to support beginning teachers' professional development. Ms. Tecnico would be considered a: -Mentor -Nationally Board Certified teacher -District-level administrator -Teacherpreneur

Teacherpreneur Correct. Teacherpreneurs assume leadership by executing their ideas into valuable applications beyond the classroom.

A key instructional benefit for walkthrough observation is that: -It saves principals' time. -Teachers benefit from timely feedback. -It is more cost effective. -Students benefit from individual feedback of their behavior.

Teachers benefit from timely feedback. Correct. With walkthrough observations, principals are expected to give teachers feedback within a day or two. With this feedback, teachers can implement the suggestions to improve their teaching strategies.

Technology integration in U.S. education is at a "tipping point." What are the two possible futures that will determine the greatest influence on technology integration? -Instruction happening in brick-and-mortar schools restricted by boundary lines or instruction reaching beyond boundary lines with online instruction -Students who are distracted and controlled by personal technology or students who learn to extend their learning through productive instructional technology integration -Technology being mainly for affluent districts or technology being in all districts regardless of socioeconomic status -Technology duplicating what teachers have always done or technology transforming learning as a tool to design, build, and problem-solve

Technology duplicating what teachers have always done or technology transforming learning as a tool to design, build, and problem-solve Correct. The greatest force to tip the scale for seamless technology integration will be teachers who are current with technology and proficient in integration skills.

To really determine how educational technology is enhancing learning, which is a research factor that should be considered? -The teaching style of the teacher -The number of students in the research study -Where the research took place -The university or agency conducting the research

The teaching style of the teacher Correct. Teachers' individual teaching style will always affect learning. It would be beneficial to determine the style commonalities of teachers who integrate technology more successfully than others.

Mr. Scott planned a lesson to teach his students how to correctly serve a ball in tennis. He explained to the students the movements, modeled the correct form, and had students follow his actions in slow motion. He did a quick visual assessment of their actions and then assigned students to groups based on their serving form. In groups of four, the students practiced serving to each other and supported each other with feedback and positive encouragement. What two instructional models is Mr. Scott using in this lesson? -Theory into Practice and Nondirective Teaching -Behavior Modification and Nondirective Teaching -Behavior Modification and Cooperative Learning -Theory into Practice and Cooperative Learning

Theory into Practice and Cooperative Learning Correct. The process of telling, modeling, and assessing are all part of the Theory into Practice instructional model. The groups working together with a common goal is the instructional model of Cooperative Learning.

There are several goals for schools—some official, some stated, some assumed. What does society in general feel is the most important goal of schools? -To develop the soft skills such as cooperation, respect, and persistence -Help the U.S. remain competitive in the world economy -To prepare students to meet religious and family values -To perform well on standardized tests

To develop the soft skills such as cooperation, respect, and persistence Correct. In a survey, 36% of the U.S. public agreed with this response when asked about important factors in school quality.

In the state where Mr. Cohen teaches, one of the state learning standards for third graders is that students should be able to distinguish between fact and opinion. 95% of his students showed that they had mastered this standard on a formal assessment he had created. However, when students took the state test the next week, only 25% showed they could distinguish between fact and opinion. Mr. Cohen's test was lacking: -Validity -Reliability -Quantitative results -Higher-order thinking

Validity Correct. Validity refers to the extent to which assessments measure what they are supposed to measure. Since there was such a large discrepancy between Mr. Cohen's test and the state test, Mr. Cohen must not have designed a test that appropriately assessed whether his students could distinguish between fact and opinion.

Lydia is a fifth grader who is moving with her family from Apache Junction, Arizona, to Lansing, Michigan, in February. If Arizona and Michigan both have state standards based on the Common Core Standards, how might this benefit Lydia? -Her parents would have a basis for comparing the educational programs of Arizona and Michigan. -Lydia's test scores from Arizona would easily transfer to Michigan. -What is taught in fifth grade in Arizona will be similar to what is taught in Michigan. -Her parents would know if the achievement gap of minority groups is narrowing.

What is taught in fifth grade in Arizona will be similar to what is taught in Michigan. Correct. With similar standards, Lydia could transfer and not be behind or ahead in the curriculum as she adjusted to a new school.

Teachers should learn their students' learning style preferences to help individualize instruction. Learning style preferences would include: -If a student says they like to learn -Where a student likes to study -A student's individual IQ -If a student likes their teacher

Where a student likes to study Correct. Some students like formal settings, some more relaxed, some quiet, some noisy. Knowing where a student functions best is one learning style preference that helps teachers individualize instruction.

If you use cooperative learning in your classroom, this means -You have small groups of students who work together on projects. -You have students in ability groups based on reading scores. -You have students who cooperate with you most of the time. -You have small groups of students sitting at tables.

You have small groups of students who work together on projects. Correct. This is what cooperative learning is all about: students learning to work together, utilize each other's strengths, and build relationships.