Egyptian Pharaohs

obelisk

A tall four-sided monument that ends in a pyramid shape at the top. Hatshepsut had many of these built.

Ramses II

Was pharaoh for 67 years. Lived to be 96. Had 200 wives and 160 children. Had more monuments built than any other pharaoh. Was a good military leader and defeated the Hittites, Libyans, Nubians, and Syrians. Had the temple Abu Simbel built.

Hatshepsut

First woman pharaoh. Ruled for 20 years. Improved Egypt's economy(wealth) and encouraged trade. Had Temple Deir el Bahari built. Said that Re told her to be pharaoh.

Great Pyramid of Giza

One of the 7 Wonders of the World. The pyramid built for Khufu. The two pyramids beside it were for his son and grandson.

Akhenaten

Was called Amenhotep IV as a child. Changed Egypt to monotheism. Wanted everyone to believe in one god, the Aten. Was called a heretic for this. Was shown in pictures with his wife and children. Changed the capital city to "Akhenaten".

Menkaure

Khufu's grandson. He also had a pyramid at Giza.

Khafre

Khufu's son who also had a pyramid built at Giza. He also built the Sphinx.

sphinx

A mythical creature with the head of a human and the body of a lion.

heretic

A person whose beliefs are controversial and go against what everyone else believes.

Tutankhamen (King Tut)

Became pharaoh around the age of nine. His father was Akhenaten. He made Egypt polytheistic again. His tomb was discovered in the Valley of the Kings by Howard Carter in 1922.

Khufu

Ruled during the Old Kingdom. Had the Great Pyramid at Giza built for him. His boat was found buried next to the pyramid, to use in the afterlife. His pyramid was robbed and all that is left of him is a 3 inch ivory statue.

polytheism

The belief in many gods.

monotheism

The belief in one god.

Valley of the Kings

The burial place in the rocky cliffs of Egypt. These tombs were made to prevent robberies. King Tut was found here.

Howard Carter

The man who found and opened King Tut's tomb in 1922.

Menes

The pharaoh that united Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt so they became one land.

Aten

The sun god worshipped by Akhenaten and his followers during the time that Egypt became monotheistic.

Temple Deir el Bahari

The temple built during Hatshepsut's time as pharaoh. Her story and achievements are painted on the inside walls.

Abu Simbel

The temple built for Ramses II. It was made by cutting into the rocky cliffs. Four giant statues of Ramses II guard the outside.

Nefretiti

The wife of Akhenaten. Was considered the most beautiful woman in Egypt.

Thutmose III

Tried to erase Hatshepsut's name from history by throwing her statues in a pit in the desert.