Emission Control System Technology
Computer control system
Electronic controls monitor and interface with various systems to increase overall engine efficiency and reduce emissions
Thermostatic Air Cleaner System
Maintains a constant temperature of the air entering the engine for improved combustion and performance
Oxygen Sensor
Measures amount of oxygen in exhaust gases
Secondary Sensor
Measures oxygen content entering catalytic converter
Primary Sensor
Measures oxygen content leaving front exhaust pipes
Blowby
Oil vapors and other emissions that leak past piston rings into engine crankcase or form in an engine bottom end from heating of oil
2 Way Catalytic Converter
Only reduces HC and CO emissions
Mini Catalytic Converter
Placed close to engine exhaust manifold. Usually in conjuction with main converter
Positive Crankcase Ventilation System
Recirculates engine crankcase fumes back into the combustion chamber
3 Way Catalytic Converter
Reduces all 3 types of emissions
Purge Lines
Removes stored vapors from charcoal canister
Particulates
Solid particle of soot and other substances resulting from combustion
Charcoal Canister
Stores fuel vapors while car isn't running
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Toxic by product of partial burning of fuel. Deadly oder less gas.
Dual-Bed Catalytic Converter Operation
Two Separate catalyst enclosed in one housing
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Undesirable compounds of nitrogen and oxygen in exhaust gases usually produced when combustion chamber exceeds certain temperature
PCV Valve
Used to control flow of air through PCV system
Evaporative Emissions Control Systems
A closed vent system that stores fuel vapors and prevents them from entering the atmosphere
Catalytic converter
Chemically changes combustion by products into harmless substances
Purge Valve
Controls flow of vapors from canister to intake manifold
Air injection System
Forces outside air into exhaust system to help burn unburned fuel
Smog
Generalized term used to describe air pollution caused by chemical fumes and smoke
Hydrocarbon (HC)
Highly flammable chemical mixture of about 12% hydrogen and 82% carbon makes ups majority of crude oil
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Systems
Injects burned exhaust gases into engine combustion chamber to prevent formation of NOx
