EMT-B Chapter 34 Quiz

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? A. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg B. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds C. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min D. Pulse rate greater than 120/min

A. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: A. absent urine output. B. moist oral mucosa. C. bulging fontanelles. D. excessive tearing.

A. absent urine output.

Pale skin in a child indicated that the: A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. B. child is in severe decompensated shock. C. child's core body temperature is elevated. D. oxygen content in the blood is decreased.

A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted.

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: A. palpate for a carotid pulse. B. categorize him as immediate. C. deliver 5 rescue breaths. D. categorize him as deceased.

A. palpate for a carotid pulse.

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant include all the following, EXCEPT: A. sunken fontanelles. B. a stiff or painful neck. C. altered mental status. D. headache and fever.

A. sunken fontanelles.

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? A. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution B. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver C. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury D. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene

B. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: A. in the ambulance. B. at the feet. C. at the head. D. en route to the hospital.

B. at the feet.

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: A. acute respiratory distress. B. drooling or congestion. C. extreme restlessness. D. skin that is cool and dry.

B. drooling or congestion.

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: A. premature phase. B. neonatal period. C. toddler period. D. start of infancy.

B. neonatal period.

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: A. refrain from taking a blood pressure. B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. C. rely solely on the parent for information. D. use a toe-to-head assessment approach.

B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially? A. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? B. What time did the ingestion occur? C. Why did your child ingest the poison? D. Do you know what substance was ingested?

C. Why did your child ingest the poison?

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. B. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. D. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance.

C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. B. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. C. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital. D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once.

C. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

Burns in children are commonly caused by all the following, EXCEPT: A. scalding water in a bathtub. B. hot items on a stovetop. C. entrapment in a structural fire. D. exposure to caustic chemicals.

C. entrapment in a structural fire.

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. electrolyte imbalances. B. poisonings or ingestion. C. hyperglycemia. D. infection.

C. hyperglycemia.

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? A. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. B. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. C. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. B. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only. C. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. D. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

D. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: A. asthma. B. epiglottitis. C. bronchitis. D. croup.

D. croup.

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. B. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. C. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. D. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

D. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: A. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her. C. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling. D. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact.

D. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact.