EMT Ch 29,30,31

Following a stab wound to the left anterior chest, a 25-year-old male presents with a decreased level of consciousness and signs of shock. Which of the following additional assessment findings should increase your index of suspicion for a cardiac tamponade? Select one: A. Engorged jugular veins B. Widening pulse pressure C. Diminished breath sounds D. A rapid, irregular pulse

A. Engorged jugular veins

Which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys? Select one: A. Injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs. B. The kidneys are not well protected. C. Only minimal force is needed to damage the kidneys. D. Kidney injuries are rarely caused by blunt trauma.

A. Injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs.

A 54-year-old male experienced an avulsion to his penis when his foreskin got caught in the zipper of his pants. He was able to unzip his pants and remove the foreskin prior to your arrival. Your assessment reveals that he is in severe pain and that the avulsion is bleeding moderately. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: Select one: A. applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing. B. administering 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. C. covering the avulsion with moist, sterile dressings. D. requesting a paramedic to administer pain medication.

A. applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing.

Patients with chest injuries will often present with _______. Select one: A. tachypnea B. Kussmaul respirations C. Cheyne-Stokes respirations D. agonal respirations

A. tachypnea

An open fracture is MOST accurately defined as a fracture in which: Select one: A. the overlying skin is no longer intact. B. a bullet shatters the underlying bone. C. bone ends protrude through the skin. D. a large laceration overlies the fracture.

A. the overlying skin is no longer intact.

Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following? Select one: A. Hollow-organ rupture B. Improperly placed lab belt C. Stabbing D. Ejection of unrestrained driver

B. Improperly placed lab belt

During your assessment of a 29-year-old female with significant deformity to her left elbow, you are unable to palpate a radial pulse. Your transport time to the hospital is approximately 40 minutes. You should: Select one: A. carefully straighten the injured arm and secure it with padded board splints. B. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse. C. splint the elbow in the position of deformity and transport immediately. D. make two or three attempts to restore distal circulation by manipulating the elbow.

B. apply gentle manual traction in line with the limb and reassess for a pulse.

When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as _______. Select one: A. distention. B. guarding. C. instability. D. crepitus.

B. guarding.

A spinal cord injury at the level of C7 would MOST likely result in: Select one: A. paralysis of all the respiratory muscles. B. paralysis of the intercostal muscles. C. immediate cardiac arrest. D. paralysis of the diaphragm.

B. paralysis of the intercostal muscles.

A 28-year-old male was struck in the chest with a baseball bat during an altercation. He is conscious and alert and complains of severe chest pain. Your assessment reveals a large area of ecchymosis over the sternum and a rapid, irregular pulse. In addition to providing supplemental oxygen, you should: Select one: A. apply bulky dressings to the sternum. B. prepare for immediate transport. C. apply an AED and assess his BP. D. determine if he has cardiac problems.

B. prepare for immediate transport.

Which of the following musculoskeletal injuries would MOST likely result in deformity? Select one: A. Severe strain B. Moderate sprain C. Displaced fracture D. Hairline fracture

C. Displaced fracture

A fracture is MOST accurately defined as a(n): Select one: A. total loss of function in a bone. B. abnormality in the structure of a bone. C. break in the continuity of the bone. D. disruption in the midshaft of a bone.

C. break in the continuity of the bone.

The MOST significant hazard associated with splinting is: Select one: A. compression of nerves, tissues, and vasculature. B. aggravation of the injury or worsened pain. C. delaying transport of a critically injured patient. D. reduction in circulation distal to the injury site

C. delaying transport of a critically injured patient.

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are _______. Select one: A. less likely to bleed when injured B. more protected by the thorax compared to adults C. larger in proportion to the abdomen D. smaller in proportion to the abdomen

C. larger in proportion to the abdomen

A man called EMS 12 hours after injuring his chest. Your assessment reveals a flail segment to the right side of the chest. The patient is experiencing respiratory distress and his oxygen saturation is 78%. His breath sounds are equal bilaterally and his jugular veins are normal. You should suspect: Select one: A. traumatic asphyxia. B. massive hemothorax. C. pulmonary contusion. D. tension pneumothorax.

C. pulmonary contusion.

All of the following are hollow abdominal organs, EXCEPT the: Select one: A. ureters. B. stomach. C. spleen. D. bladder.

C. spleen.

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy: Select one: A. is recommended if the patient has severe abdominal discomfort. B. often causes hypotension secondary to cardiac compression. C. results in spontaneous urinary incontinence if the bladder is full. D. may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart.

D. may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart.

Immediately life-threatening chest injuries must be found and managed during the _______. Select one: A. patient history B. scene size-up C. secondary assessment D. primary assessment

D. primary assessment

Skeletal muscle is attached to the bone by tough, ropelike, fibrous structures called: Select one: A. cartilage. B. ligaments. C. fascia. D. tendons.

D. tendons.

In general, musculoskeletal injuries should be splinted before moving the patient unless: Select one: A. transport time is less than 15 minutes. B. deformity and swelling are present. C. the patient is in severe pain. D. the patient is clinically unstable.

D. the patient is clinically unstable.

Children are often "belly breathers" because _______. Select one: A. they are routinely hypoxic B. they are consciously controlling ventilations C. their diaphragm is not functional D. their intercostal muscles are not developed

D. their intercostal muscles are not developed