EMT Chapter 16

The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if: Select one:

A. pediatric pads and an energy-reducing device are available. Correct

A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:

assess the adequacy of his respirations.

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should:

begin high-quality CPR and apply the AED as soon as possible.

The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:

sinoatrial node.

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm:

often presents with pain that is maximal from the onset.

Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT:

pain exacerbated by breathing.

In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system:

slows the heart and respiratory rates.

A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:

the inner layers of the aorta become separated.

A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:

the lumen of the coronary artery is narrowed and cannot accommodate increased blood flow.

Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:

who have experienced a head injury.

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:

family history.

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle:

flows into the pulmonary arteries.

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?

Dependent edema

Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?

A rapid heart rate

Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients

A. have chronic hypertension. Correct

A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should

C. remove the battery from the monitor and then remove the vest. Correct

Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:

C. resistance of the body to the flow of electricity. Correct

A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which of the following conditions should you suspect that he has experienced?

D. Acute myocardial infarction Correct

When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the "LL" and "RL" electrodes should be placed:

D. on the thighs or ankles. Correct

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Hypertension

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 22 breaths/min, and her oxygen saturation is 92%. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should:

administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further.

Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by:

decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:

dry the chest if it is wet.

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:

immediately resume CPR.

Angina pectoris occurs when:

myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.

After assisting your patient with prescribed nitroglycerin, you should:

reassess his or her blood pressure within 5 minutes to detect hypotension.

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should:

remove the nitroglycerin patch, place him in a supine position and elevate his lower extremities, and prepare for immediate transport.

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:

right atrium.

During your treatment of a woman in cardiac arrest, you apply the AED, analyze her cardiac rhythm, and receive a "no shock advised" message. This indicates that:

she is not in ventricular fibrillation.