EMT Chapter 32
1) You and your partner respond to a busy shopping center where a passerby found an infant left alone in a car. It is approximately 95°F outside and no one has been able to locate the child's parent to determine how long the infant has been left alone. The infant is likely suffering from ________. * 4/4 A) hyperthermia B) hypothermia C) hypoglycemia D) hyperventilation
A
16) You are treating a patient who was found out in the cold. To best assess skin temperature, you should place the back of your hand against the patient's ________. * 4/4 A) abdomen B) forehead C) inner wrist D) cheek
A
17) You are assessing a patient who is homeless and was found lying in an alley during a severe snowstorm. The patient has apparently been exposed to the cold for several hours. Early signs of hypothermia include ________. * 4/4 A) shivering B) slow respirations C) muscular rigidity D) slow pulse
A
18) For a patient suffering from heat exhaustion, the first thing you should do is ________. * 4/4 A) move him to a cooler environment B) assist with ventilations with a bag-mask device C) place him in a tub of cold water D) remove all wet clothing and apply hot packs to the armpits and groin areas
A
24) Your patient was struck by lightning while golfing. You find him unresponsive on the eighth hole with no pulse or breathing. What should you do first? * 4/4 A) Initiate AED use. B) Perform a head-tilt chin-lift and give two rescue breaths. C) Perform three cycles of compressions and ventilations. D) Take cervical-spine precautions.
A
3) You are sitting on a cold metal bleacher while watching a high school football game. Through which of the following methods would you lose body heat to the bleachers? * 4/4 A) Conduction B) Convection C) Radiation D) Evaporation
A
14) Your patient has been playing indoor soccer for several hours. It is a particularly humid day and your patient appears to be sweating profusely. What do you suspect he may be suffering from? * 4/4 A) Hypothermia B) Hyperthermia C) Heat stroke D) hypervolemia
B
2) The narrow temperature range at which the body functions best is between ________. * 4/4 A) 98.6°F and 102°F B) 97.7°F and 99.5°F C) 84.2°F and 98.4°F D) 84°F and 98.6°F
B
21) You are treating a patient who was stung in the forearm by a bee. Which of the following is acceptable treatment for this patient? * 4/4 A) Soak the affected area in warm water. B) Remove jewelry from the affected limb. C) Pull the stinger out using tweezers. D) Elevate the affected site above the level of the heart to reduce swelling.
B
23) When treating a victim of lightning strike who has a pulse and is breathing adequately, be sure to ________. * 4/4 A) treat any burns with burn ointment B) take cervical-spine immobilization precautions C) apply AED pads as a precaution D) provide water for rehydration
B
4) In addition to convection, radiation, and conduction, how does the body gain heat? * 0/4 A) Perspiration B) Metabolic output C) Respiration D) Evaporation
B
7) When cells freeze, ________. * 4/4 A) the surrounding skin bursts as a result of the pressure B) blood flow to the affected area is impeded C) only red blood cells can penetrate the area D) the surrounding tissue becomes susceptible to hypothermia
B
8) You are dispatched to a fraternity house, where a party has been going on most of the night. You find an intoxicated 22-year-old male patient who went out walking in the snow without socks or shoes. The patient has deep cold injuries to both feet. Your treatment for this patient should include ________. * 4/4 A) helping him walk a few steps to promote circulation B) covering the injury to preserve heat C) massaging both feet briskly D) breaking any blisters before dressing his feet
B
9) You are treating a maintenance worker who has been shoveling snow. If he is experiencing severe hypothermia, what might you expect to see? * 4/4 A) Loss of muscle tone B) Irrational behavior C) Rapid respirations D) Tachycardia
B
11) Cervical-spine immobilization in drowning victims is ________. * 0/4 A) indicated for all patients B) not to be performed on any patient C) indicated only when the patient has been submerged for more than 10 minutes D) indicated only when clear MOI exists
C
13) It is a hot summer day when you are dispatched to a construction site for a worker who is extremely ill. Co-workers have moved the patient into the shade. He is responsive, but disoriented. His skin is flushed and hot to the touch. Although it is a hot day, your patient has very little sweat on his skin. You conclude your patient is suffering a heat-related emergency that you recall is a result of ________. * 4/4 A) blockage of the blood flow to the brain B) extreme dilation of all the blood vessels C) failure of body's temperature regulation mechanisms D) heat induced swelling of the brain tissues
C
15) After a particularly cold December night, your patient was found unresponsive behind a dumpster. How do you begin to treat this patient? * 4/4 A) Place him in a Trendelenburg position to promote blood flow toward vital organs. B) Apply warm packs to his armpits and groin area. C) Insert an appropriate airway and assist with ventilations. D) Remove any damp or wet clothing.
C
19) It is a sunny summer day and you are called to a shopping center parking lot for a child left in a car. Upon your arrival, you find an infant who was left unattended in a car for an unknown time. The infant is unresponsive to all stimuli. Which of the following should you do next? * 4/4 A) Immerse the patient in a bathtub of cold water. B) Remove the patient's clothing and wet him down liberally with rubbing alcohol. C) Open the airway, insert an oropharyngeal airway and assist ventilations with a bag-mask device. D) Spray the patient with water and allow the fan in the ambulance to blow cool air over him.
C
20) You are treating a hiker who was bitten on the leg by a pit viper snake. Which of the following is acceptable treatment for this patient? * 0/4 A) Place the injury site above the level of the heart. B) Submerge the injured extremity in cool water. C) Apply a pressure immobilization bandage the entire length of the extremity. D) Apply ice to the bite site. Correct answer
C
6) Which of these patients is at the highest risk of developing hypothermia? * 4/4 A) 7-year-old walking home from school in October wearing a light jacket B) 34-year-old camping on the beach in April C) 84-year-old male in his home in February D) 45-year-old female fishing on a lake in September
C
10) While treating your hypothermic patient, you apply chemical hot packs to the patient's neck, armpits, and groin areas. This is an example of________. * 0/4 A) peripheral rewarming B) passive rewarming C) central rewarming D) active rewarming
D
11) Cervical-spine immobilization in drowning victims is ________. * 0/4 A) indicated for all patients B) not to be performed on any patient C) indicated only when the patient has been submerged for more than 10 minutes D) indicated only when clear MOI exists
D
22) The most serious event associated with lightning strike is ________. * 4/4 A) heat stroke B) stroke C) severe burns D) cardiac arrest
D
25) Special consideration should be taken when selecting a facility to which to transport a patient suffering from decompression sickness. Where should this patient be transported to? * 4/4 A) Any available stroke center B) The nearest cardiac center C) The nearest trauma center D) A facility equipped with a recompression chamber
D
5) The process of developing hypothermia includes ________. * 4/4 A) enlargement of muscle tissue B) tachycardia C) dilation of blood vessels D) constriction of blood vessels
D
3. All of the following are examples of passive rewarming techniques, EXCEPT: * 10/10 removing cold, wet clothing. administering warm fluids by mouth. turning up the heat inside the ambulance. covering the patient with warm blankets.
administering warm fluids by mouth.
9. Shortly after ascending rapidly to the surface of the water while holding his breath, a 29-year-old diver begins coughing up pink, frothy sputum and complains of dyspnea and chest pain. You should suspect and treat this patient for: * 10/10 an air embolism. a pneumothorax. pneumomediastinum. decompression sickness.
air embolism
2. Shivering in the presence of hypothermia indicates that the: * 10/10 musculoskeletal system is damaged. nerve endings are damaged, causing loss of muscle control. body is trying to generate more heat through muscular activity. thermoregulatory system has failed and body temperature is falling.
body is trying to generate more heat through muscular activity.
1. When a person is exposed to cold temperatures and strong winds for an extended period of time, he or she will lose heat mostly by: * 10/10 radiation. convection. conduction. evaporation.
convection
6. You are assessing a 27-year-old woman with a heat-related emergency. Her skin is flushed, hot, and moist, and her level of consciousness is decreased. After moving her to a cool environment, managing her airway, and administering oxygen, you should: * 10/10 give her ice water to drink. place her in the recovery position. cover her with wet sheets and fan her. take her temperature with an axillary probe.
cover her with wet sheets and fan her.
5. A 30-year-old male, who has been playing softball all day in a hot environment, complains of weakness and nausea shortly after experiencing a syncopal episode. Appropriate treatment for this patient includes all of the following, EXCEPT: * 10/10 giving a salt-containing solution by mouth. moving him to a cooler environment at once. administering oxygen via nonrebreathing mask. placing him in a supine position and elevating his legs.
giving a salt-containing solution by mouth.
10. Three ambulances respond to a golf course where a group of six golfers were struck by lighting. Two of the golfers are conscious and alert with superficial skin burns (Group 1). The next two golfers have minor fractures and appear confused (Group 2). The last two golfers are in cardiac arrest (Group 3). According to reverse triage, which group of golfers should be treated FIRST? * 10/10 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Groups 1 and 2; Group 3 should be tagged as deceased
group 3
7. It is important to remove a drowning victim from the water before laryngospasm relaxes because: * 10/10 the patient will suffer less airway trauma. the risk of severe hypothermia is lessened. less water will have entered the patient's lungs. you can ventilate the patient with laryngospasm.
less water will have entered the patient's lungs.
4. A woman has frostbite in both feet after walking several miles in a frozen field. Her feet are white, hard, and cold to the touch. Treatment at the scene should include: * 10/10 rubbing her feet gently with your own warm hands. trying to restore circulation by helping her to walk around. removing her wet clothing and rubbing her feet briskly with a warm, wet cloth. removing her wet clothing and covering her feet with dry, sterile dressings.
removing her wet clothing and covering her feet with dry, sterile dressings.
8. A 13-year-old girl is found floating face down in a swimming pool. Witnesses tell you that the girl had been practicing diving. After you and your partner safely enter the water, you should: * 10/10 turn her head to the side and give five back slaps. turn her head to the side and begin rescue breathing. rotate her entire body as a unit and carefully remove her from the pool. rotate the entire upper half of her body as a unit, supporting her head and neck.
rotate the entire upper half of her body as a unit, supporting her head and neck.