Endocrine

The nurse assesses a client receiving levothyroxine sodium. Which indicates a favorable outcome to the nurse? A: Decreased BP. B: Increased urine output. C: Decreased pulse rate. D: Increased respiratory rate.

B: Increased urine output.

What is the nurse's best action when finding a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus unresponsive, cold, and clammy? A: Administer subcutaneous regular insulin immediately. B: Administer glucagon. C: Start an insulin drip. D: Draw blood glucose level and send to the laboratory.

B: Administer glucagon.

A nurse provides instructions to a client regarding the administration of prednisone and instructs the client that the best time to take the medication is during? A: Any time of the day. B: Early morning. C: Lunch. D: Before bedtime.

B: Early morning.

The home care nurse cares for a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The client receives insulin therapy in a four-dose protocol. The client injects rapid-acting insulin subcutaneously at 1145. The nurse knows the peak action of rapid-acting insulin occurs at which time? A: 1200 B: 1245 to 1345 C: 1445 to 1545 D: 1745 to 1945

B: 1245 to 1345

Discharge teaching for a patient receiving glucocorticoids will include the preferred use of which medication for pain management? A: Aspirin B: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) C: Ibuprofen (Motrin) D: Naproxen sodium (Naprosyn)

B: Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

A patient is taking insulin glargine injection daily. The nurse instructs the client that the onset of action will likely happen? A: 2-4 hours after admin. B: 4-12 hours after admin. C: 6-12 hours after admin. D: 18-24 hours after admin.

A: 2-4 hours after admin.

Which of the following insulin's cannot be mixed with any other type of insulin? A: Insulin glargine. B: Insulin aspart. C: Insulin isophane. D: Insulin lispro.

A: Insulin glargine.

Which of the following medications decreases their action while taking thyroid hormone? A: Metformin B: Warfarin C: Zoloft D: Epinephrine

A: Metformin

A client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why "a pill" for diabetes can't be taken. Which best describes the action of oral hypoglycemic agents? A: They stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to release endogenous insulin. B: They supply exogenous insulin, which enhances the transfer of glucose into cells. C: They supply exogenous insulin, which restores efficient sugar and fat utilization D: They stimulate adipose tissue to release endogenous insulin.

A: They stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to release endogenous insulin.

The nurse understands which type of insulin has the longest duration of action? A: Regular B: Glargine C: Isophane D: Regular human

B: Glargine

Which is the most appropriate action for the nurse who is told that a patient typically takes his glipizide (Glucotrol) with food? A: Immediately check the patient's blood glucose level. B: Inform the patient that it is better to take the medication 30 minutes before a meal. C: Inform the patient that the medication must be taken 15 minutes after a meal. D: Immediately call the health care provider.

B: Inform the patient that it is better to take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) and warfarin (Coumadin). Which intervention is a priority for the nurse? A: Monitor the patient for cardiac dysrhythmias. B: Monitor the patient for increased risk of bleeding. C: Weigh patient daily for excessive weight loss. D: Assess peripheral pulses and Homan's sign daily.

B: Monitor the patient for increased risk of bleeding.

Which of the following medications causes hypoglycemia, EXCEPT? A: Salicylates. B: Oral contraceptives. C: Sulfonamides. D: Anticoagulants.

B: Oral contraceptives.

A patient with adrenal insufficiency is to be discharged and is given prednisone as a home medication. The nurse instructs the patient the following, EXCEPT? A: To avoid aspirin-containing products. B: To avoid foods rich in potassium. C: To avoid caffeinated drinks. D: To avoid individuals with respiratory infections.

B: To avoid foods rich in potassium.

A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a patient who is taking levothyroxine sodium. The nurse instructs the client to notify the physician if which of the following occurs? A: Cold intolerance. B: Tremors. C: Coarse, dry hair. D: Muscle cramps.

B: Tremors.

Glipizide is prescribed to a patient with diabetes mellitus. The nurse instructs the patient to avoid which of the following? A: Soft drinks. B: Oatmeal. C: Alcohol. D: Organ meats.

C: Alcohol.

The nurse understands that which statement BEST describes the action of glucocorticoids? A: Prepare for "fight or flight" mechanism. B: Regulate calcium metabolism. C: Convert protein and fat into glucose. D: Enhance musculoskeletal capacity.

C: Convert protein and fat into glucose.

The nurse on the medical unit expects which medication to be administered to the client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who is experiencing hyperglycemia? A: Glucosamine B: Glucagon C: Glipizide D: Insulin glargine

C: Glipizide

Prednisone is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus who is using Humulin 70/30 daily. Which of the following prescription changes does the nurse expect during the therapy with the prednisone? A: An addition of an oral hypoglycemic medication. B: Increased dosage of prednisone. C: Increased dosage of Humulin 70/30 D: Decreased dosage of Humulin 70/30.

C: Increased dosage of Humulin 70/30

The nurse administers NPH insulin at 8 AM. What intervention is essential for the nurse to perform? A: Assess the patient for hyperglycemia by 10 AM. B: Monitor fingerstick at 2 PM C: Make sure patient eats by 5 PM. D: Administer the insulin via IV pump.

C: Make sure patient eats by 5 PM

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been ordered insulin aspart (Novolog) 10 units at 7:00 AM. What nursing intervention will the nurse perform after administering this medication? A: Perform a fingerstick blood sugar test. B: Have the patient void and dipstick the urine. C: Make sure the patient eats breakfast immediately. D: Flush the IV.

C: Make sure the patient eats breakfast immediately.

The nurse cares for a client admitted with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse anticipates the health care provider will order which type of insulin? A: Rapid-acting insulin. B: Long-acting insulin. C: Short-acting insulin. D: Intermediate-acting insulin.

C: Short-acting insulin.

A private nurse visits a client who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse on how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse tells the client to? A: Store it at room temperature. B: Store it in the freezer. C: Store it in the refrigerator. D: Keep the insulin in a sun-lit, dry place.

C: Store it in the refrigerator.

What plan is best for the patient beginning prednisone therapy? A: Administer the medication early evening to coincide with the natural secretion pattern of the adrenal cortex. B: Plan to keep a strict, unchanging schedule to prevent adverse reactions. C: Take the medication with food to diminish the risk of gastric irritation. D: Take the medication only every other day to decrease the risk of adrenal hyperplasia.

C: Take the medication with food to diminish the risk of gastric irritation.

The nurse is caring for a patient who has just started taking levothyroxine (Synthroid). What assessment finding is a priority for the nurse to address? A: Heart rate 55 beats per minute B: Intolerance to cold C: Weight gain of 3 pounds in the last week D: Irritability

D: Irritability

A nurse is giving instructions to a patient who is taking levothyroxine. The nurse tells the client that the best time to take this medication is? A: During bedtime. B: After lunch. C: Taken with food. D: Taken on an empty stomach.

D: Taken on an empty stomach.

The nurse plans to administer both regular and intermediate-acting insulin to a client diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which actions by the nurse reflect correct understanding of the proper administration procedure? A: The nurse draws up either insulin first, followed by the other. B: The nurse draws up the intermediate-acting insulin first, followed by the regular insulin. C: The nurse draws each insulin up in a separate syringe. D: The nurse draws up the regular insulin first, then the intermediate-acting insulin.

D: The nurse draws up the regular insulin first, then the intermediate-acting insulin.