Endocrine System: Notes

The endocrine system works with the _____ _____ _____. The nervous system controls the _____ of some hormones. Hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine from the adrenal gland) are able to _____ or _____ the initiation of nerve impulses. The endocrine system has an effect that is _____ but ______ lasting than the nervous system.

autonomic nervous system; release; stimulate; inhibit; slower; longer

Eicosanoids are released from cells in response to _____ or _____ stimulation

chemical; mechanical

Steroid hormones are derived from _____ and produced by the ____ of the adrenal gland, _____ and the testis

cholesterol; cortex; ovary

Hormones are released directly into the _____ _____. Each hormone is _____ in its function

circulatory system; specific

Amino acid based hormones are the most _____ type of hormone

common

Thyroid hormones do not attach to _____ receptor, instead they diffuse not the nucleus and bind _____ to their receptor then the _____ segment

cytoplasmic; directly; DNA

Steroid hormones _____ through the cell's membrane and combine with _____ _____ found in the cytoplasm. Then it enters the _____; binds to a DNA segment and _____ or inactivates specific genes

diffuse; intracellular receptor; nucleus; activates

The endocrine system consists of _____ glands and some _____ tissues

ductless; diffused

The endocrine system helps the body respond to ______ _____ that might result in trauma or stress

external change

Eicosanoids are derived from _____ _____ associated with excel membranes of all cells except _____ blood cells

fatty acids; red

Steroid hormones directly influences _____ _____ thereby influencing _____ synthesis

gene transcription; protein

Tissues involved produce signaling molecules called ____

hormones

Eicosanoids are rapidly _____

inactivated

Paracrines stimulate _____ cells

neighboring

Amino acid based hormones are made up of _____ and _____ which means that they are _____ soluble

protein; peptides; water

Leukotrienes help with the _____ system by inflammation

respiratory

Amines are small, _____ molecules derived from the amino acid _____. Their action is similar to _____ hormones

simple; tyrosine; protein

Eicosanoids influence the action of _____ muscle

smooth

Thyroid hormones act like _____ hormones rather than ____ ____ based hormones

steroid; amino acid

Eicosanoids bind to the _____ receptor like amino acid based hormones

surface

Prostaglandins promote _____ and stimulates smooth muscles contractions, particularly in the uterus

inflammation

The endocrine system is primarily concerned with _____ _____. It coordinates _____ _____ (gamete production and release), maintains _____ (stabilizes blood levels of calcium and sugar), controls ______ and _____, and regulates _____ processes (the utilization of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids)

internal control; body activities; homeostasis; growth; development; metabolic

Autocrines stimulate _____

itself

Eicosanoids are hormone like, _____ signaling molecules. They are not _____ hormones and do not enter the _____ _____.

local; true; blood stream

Amino acid based bind to the receptors on their target cell's _____

membrane