English 2 Honors 1st semester final

MLA: parenthetical citation

(Author's last name and page number); within ending punctuation mark of in-text citation

MLA: margins

1 inch

Why pigs hate Moses

1. He was domesticated 2. He talked about Sugarcandy Mountain

Seven Commandments of Animalism

1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear clothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animals are equal.

MLA: font size

12 pt

Molly

A horse—loves bows and humans too much so leaves the farm

Squealer

A pig—Napolean's "2nd in command"

Snowball

A pig—gets run off the farm

Napolean

A pig—lead "dictator"

Signifier

A symbol of some kind

Metaphor of 5 year old

About our brain and how we receive and store information

7th Commandment of Animalism Changed

All animals equal, but some are more equal than others

MLA: works cited page

Alphabetically by last name with hanging special indent

Cornelius

Ambassador to Norway with Voltemand

Old Hamlet

Appears as ghost; father of Hamlet; former king of Denmark; murdered by his brother Claudius

Ad Hominem

Attack on the character of opponent rather than their opinion or view To the man

Red Hereing

Avoiding opposing arguments Diverts from key issues/topics

Hamlet A5: Hamlet dies from...

Being stabbed by the unblunted, but poisoned, sword

Destruction of 2nd windmill

By Mr. Jones with explosives during a brawl

Information for a annotation

Characters, summaries, patterns, themes, key points

Circular Argument

Claim is repeated as evidence Claim because claim

Hamlet A5: Hamlet slays...

Claudius

Slippery Slope

Conclusion assumes that gradual change will lead to an innevitable conclusion Series of claims without evidence

Begging the Claim

Conclusion validated within claim Assuming claim as truth

Cave Analogy: cave

Darkness/ignorance

Gravedigger

Digs ophelias grave and debates whether or not to put it next to the church because she might have committed suicide (serves as comic relief)

Hamlet A1: Polonius advises Ophelia to...

Distance herself from Hamlet to protect her reputation

5th Commandment of Animalism Changed

Don't drink alcohol excessively

6th Commandment of Animalism Changed

Don't kill other animals without reason

4th Commandment of Animalism Changed

Don't sleep in bed with sheets

Hamlet A5: by accident, Gertrude...

Drinks the poisoned wine and dies

Hamlet A4: Ophelia dies by...

Drowning herself

Hamlet A4: Hamlet is sent to...

England

Ethos

Ethical argument

Old Fortinbras

Former King of Norway, loses a one-on-one duel and his life and land to King Hamlet.

1st & 2nd Commandment of Animalism Changed

Four legs good, two legs better

Hamlet A3: during the play, Claudius...

Gets upset, yells, and walks out

Ad Poplum

Gives a fear of missing out To the people

Flag of Animal Farm

Green with white hoof and horseshoe overlapping in top left corner

Hamlet A2: Ophelia is upset because...

Hamlet acted delusional/crazy to her

Claudius

Hamlet's uncle/father-in-law and current King of Denmark

Mr. Jones

Head farmer—drunkard

Hamlet A4: After changing ships, Hamlet...

Heads home to Denmark and sends a letter ahead of him

Hamlet A4: Laertes returns to avenge...

His father (Polonius)

Hamlet A1: Hamlet is upset because...

His father has just died

Hamlet A5: Hamlet reveals Claudius's scheme to murder him to...

Horatio

post hoc ergo propter hoc

If "a" happened after "b" the "b" must have cause "a" After this, therefore because of this

Cave Analogy: free person

In the light/knowledgeable/educated

Hamlet A5: Claudius and Laertes plot...

Is foiled

MLA: format books

Italics when typed—underline when handwritten

Hamlet A1: The ghost wants Hamlet to...

Kill Claudius and spare his mother

Yorick

King's jester during Hamlet's childhood, his skull is pulled from the grave so Hamlet realizes death is the great equalizer

MLA: alignment

Left justified or full justified

Cave Analogy: the sun

Lightness/intelligent

Hamlet A3: Ophelia gives Hamlet...

Love notes he had given her

Syllogism

Most famous logical sequence a=b and b=c so a=c

animal executions

Murdered because of betraying Napoleon

Napoleon vs. Snowball: Farm

Napoleon: make it better for the pigs Snowball: make it better for all

Napoleon vs. Snowball: Windmill

Napoleon: originally opposed Snowball: drew up the plans

Napoleon vs. Snowball: Society

Napoleon: pigs are higher and superior Snowball: animals are pretty much all equal

Laertes

Ophelia's brother; son of Polonius; leaves for France early in play

Clover

Other horse

Either/Or

Oversimplifies other argument to only two sides or choices False Dilemna

Straw Man

Oversimplifying opposing argument, then attacking the hollow argument Picking apart

Cave Analogy: shadow

Perception of lost person of what is real

Cave Analogy: prisoner

Person without knowledge

Hamlet A3: in Gertrude's room, Hamlet mistakes...

Polonius for Claudius

Ophelia

Polonius's daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, Laertes. Dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to Polonius's schemes to spy on Hamlet. Even in her lapse into madness and death, she remains maidenly, and dies by finally drowning in the river.

Reynaldo

Polonius's servant, who is sent to France by Polonius to check up on and spy on Laertes.

Hamlet A3: Hamlet does not attempt to kill Claudius because he is...

Praying and may be forgiven

Harvard's Six Steps to Reading

Preview, annotate, analyze, look for patterns, use context, compare and contrast

How snowball convinces animals of windmill

Promises light in the stalls, heat in the winter, and just a better standard of living all around

Hamlet

Protagonist

MLA: format articles

Quotation marks (" ")

Genetic Fallacy

Related to connections

Hamlet A3: Hamlet wants Gertrude to...

Repent for everything with Claudius and avoid sleeping with him from then on

Hasty Generalization

Rushing to conclusion before knowing all of the evidence Jumping to conclusion

Hamlet A5: Laertes tells Hamlet if Claudius's...

Schemes

Hamlet A3: Claudius decides to...

Send Hamlet to England

Hamlet A5: Fortinbras if Norway...

Shows up and becomes king of Denmark

3rd Commandment of Animalism Changed

Simply gotten rid of

Beasts of England

Song that Old major teaches to the animals after his speech.

Hamlet A5: in the duel, Laertes is...

Stabbed with the unblunted, but poisoned, sword

Boxer

Strong, determined horse—gets shipped to slaughter house

Animalism

System created from Old Major's teachings

Polonius

The Lord Chamberlain of Claudius's court, a pompous, conniving old man. Polonius is the father of Laertes and Ophelia.

Gertrude

The Queen of Denmark, Hamlet's mother, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude loves Hamlet deeply, but she is a shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth.

Cave Analogy: object

The actual items/real object

Object Referent

The actual object being signified

Benjamin

The donkey—very wise

Main Idea of Douglass's Speech

The educated must educate the uneducated and the greatest crime one can commit is withholding education from someone.

Hamlet A5: in the graveyard, Hamlet realizes...

The funeral is that if Ophelia

Hamlet A1: Bernardo and Marcellus is want to show Horatio...

The ghost they have seen and believe is the deceased king

Muriel

The goat—very intelligent and can read

Fortinbras

The young Prince of Norway, whose father the king (also named Fortinbras) was killed by Hamlet's father (also named Hamlet). Now Fortinbras wishes to attack Denmark to avenge his father's honor, making him another foil for Prince Hamlet.

Why hens rebel

They don't want to give up their eggs since it is practically murder

The qualities of TRAAP

Timely, relevant, authoritative, accuracy, purpose

MLA: font style

Times New Roman

Hamlet A2: Polonius ask Reynaldo...

To go to France and question people about Laertes as a way of spying on him

Counterargument use

To present both sides, to give the reader adequate information for when they choose their position/side/stand/viewpoint

Rosencrantz and Guildenstern

Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who are summoned by Claudius and Gertrude to discover the cause of Hamlet's strange behavior.

Rosencrantz and Guildenstern tell Hamlet about...

Why they have come and the traveling theatrical group that is visiting the palace

minimus

Writes song that replaces Beasts of England

totalitarian government

a system in which absolute power is exercised over every aspect of life

Voltemand

ambassador sent to old Norway concerning worries that Prince Fortinbras may try to attack Denmark;

Counterargument

an opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward

Moral Equivalence

compares minor misdeeds with major atrocities Overstating or understating

MLA: spacing

double spaced

Osric

foolish courtier at the Danish court, sent to invite Hamlet to duel with Laertes

Logos

logical argument

Mr. Frederick

neighboring farmer who owns the Pinchfield farm—mean and cunning

Metacognition

thinking about thinking/an awareness and understanding of one's own thought processes